长源距随钻定向电磁波测井仪器频率和源距选择方法
|
摘要
长源距远探测是随钻定向电磁波测井的发展趋势。如何在提高探测深度的同时拓宽地层探测范围是仪器设计需考虑的重要问题。本文基于磁流源并矢格林函数法研究了测井仪器接收线圈感应电动势对地层电阻率的敏感性,提出频率和源距的选择方法。在此基础上研究仪器界面距离和电阻率对比度对接收线圈感应电动势旋转变化特性的影响。搭建长源距定向测井缩比模型实验平台,开展不同电阻率对比度时接收信号旋转变化特性实验研究,验证了频率和源距选择方法的正确性。该方法可为针对不同地层合理选择线圈系参数并拓宽地层电阻率探测范围提供依据。
Deep detection is the development trend of the directional electromagnetic logging while drilling technology. How to take into account the wider formation detection range as well as the deeper detection depth is one of the important problems in the design process of the tools. The sensitivity of the EMF of the receiver is studied based on the dyadic Green's function method. And the frequency and space selection method is proposed. Then the effects of the distance between the tool and the interface and the resistivity contrast on the rotation characteristics of the EMF of the receiver are studied. Finally, the scaled model of the long space directional logging system is built up, and the experiments on the rotation characteristics of the receiving signals with different resistivity contrast are carried out. The correctness of the frequency and space selection method is verified. The method can provide the basis for parameter selection of the coil system and widen the formation resistivity detection range for different formation parameters.
Deep detection is the development trend of the directional electromagnetic logging while drilling technology. How to take into account the wider formation detection range as well as the deeper detection depth is one of the important problems in the design process of the tools. The sensitivity of the EMF of the receiver is studied based on the dyadic Green's function method. And the frequency and space selection method is proposed. Then the effects of the distance between the tool and the interface and the resistivity contrast on the rotation characteristics of the EMF of the receiver are studied. Finally, the scaled model of the long space directional logging system is built up, and the experiments on the rotation characteristics of the receiving signals with different resistivity contrast are carried out. The correctness of the frequency and space selection method is verified. The method can provide the basis for parameter selection of the coil system and widen the formation resistivity detection range for different formation parameters.
引文
[1]Rabinovich M,Le F,Lofts J,et al.The vagaries and myths of look-around deepresistivity measurements while drilling[J].Petrophysics,2012,53(2):86-101.
[2]Gianzero S,Kennedy D,Gao L,et al.The response of a triaxial induction sonde in a biaxial anisotropic medium[J].Petrophysics,2002,43(3):172-183.
[3]Wang J,Liu R C.Application of complex image theory in geosteering[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2014,52(12):7629-7636.
[4]杨震,肖红兵,李翠.随钻方位电磁波仪器测量精度对电阻率及界面预测影响分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(4):115-120.Yang Zhen,Xiao Hongbing,Li Cui.Impacts of accuracy of azimuthal electromagnetic loggingwhile-drilling on resistivity and interface prediction[J].Well Logging Technology,2017,45(4):115-120.
[5]Li Q,Omeragic D,Chou L,et al.New directional electromagnetic tool for proactive geosteering and accurate formation evaluation while drilling[C]//SPWLA46th Annual Logging Symposium,2005:1-16.
[6]刘乃震,王忠,刘策.随钻电磁波传播方位电阻率仪地质导向关键技术[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(5):1767-1775.Liu Naizhen,Wang Zhong,Liu Ce.Theories and key techniques of directional electromagnetic propagation resistivity tool for geosteering applications while drilling[J].Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(5):1767-1775.
[7]Dupuis C,Mendoza-Barron V.Avoid pilot holes,land wells,and optimize well placement and production with deep directional resistivity logging while drilling[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,2014,29(4):473-480.
[8]Seydoux J,Legendre E,Mirto E,et al.Full 3D deep directional resistivity measurements optimize well placement and provide reservoir-scale imaging while drilling[C]//SPWLA 55th Annual Logging Symposium,Abu Dhabi,2014:1-14.
[9]解茜草,孙超,仵杰,等.定向电磁波测井仪双倾斜线圈系结构研究[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(2):36-38.Xie Xicao,Sun Chao,Wu Jie,et al.Research on double tilted coils structure for directional electromagnetic wave logger[J].Transducer&Microsystem Technologies,2016,35(2):36-38.
[10]万勇,张晓彬,倪卫宁,等.随钻方位电阻率测井仪线圈系设计方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(1):99-105.Wan Yong,Zhang Xiaobin,Ni Weining,et al.Research on the design of coil system for azimuthal propagation resistivity LWD[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement&Instrumentation,2017,31(1):99-105.
[11]Weng C C.Waves and fields in inhomogenous media[J].New Jersey:Wiley-IEEE Press,1999.
[12]魏宝君,王甜甜,王颖.用磁流源并矢Green函数的递推矩阵方法计算层状各向异性地层中多分量感应测井响应[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):2920-2928.Wei Baojun,Wang Tiantian,Wang Ying.Computing of multi-component induction logging in layered anisotropic formation by the recursive matrix method for magnetic current source dyadic Green’s function[J].Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(11):2920-2928.
[13]雷银照.关于电磁场解析方法的一些认识[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(19):11-25.Lei Yinzhao.Reviews of analytical methods for electromagnetic fields[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(19):11-25.
[14]李阳,朱春波,宋凯,等.弱耦合无线电能传输系统驱动源研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(增刊1):193-198.Li Yang,Zhu Chunbo,Song Kai,et al.Research on the driving source of wireless power transfer system with weekly coupled condition[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S1):193-198.
[15]李艳红,刘国强,张超,等.宽频磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统电源变换器技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊1):25-31.Li Yanhong,Liu Guoqiang,Zhang Chao,et al.Broadband power converter for wireless power transfer system via coupled magnetic resonances[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):25-31.
[16]Biondi T,Scuderi A,Ragonese E,et al.Analysis and modeling of layout scaling in silicon integrated stacked transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2006,54(5):2203-2210.
[2]Gianzero S,Kennedy D,Gao L,et al.The response of a triaxial induction sonde in a biaxial anisotropic medium[J].Petrophysics,2002,43(3):172-183.
[3]Wang J,Liu R C.Application of complex image theory in geosteering[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2014,52(12):7629-7636.
[4]杨震,肖红兵,李翠.随钻方位电磁波仪器测量精度对电阻率及界面预测影响分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(4):115-120.Yang Zhen,Xiao Hongbing,Li Cui.Impacts of accuracy of azimuthal electromagnetic loggingwhile-drilling on resistivity and interface prediction[J].Well Logging Technology,2017,45(4):115-120.
[5]Li Q,Omeragic D,Chou L,et al.New directional electromagnetic tool for proactive geosteering and accurate formation evaluation while drilling[C]//SPWLA46th Annual Logging Symposium,2005:1-16.
[6]刘乃震,王忠,刘策.随钻电磁波传播方位电阻率仪地质导向关键技术[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(5):1767-1775.Liu Naizhen,Wang Zhong,Liu Ce.Theories and key techniques of directional electromagnetic propagation resistivity tool for geosteering applications while drilling[J].Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(5):1767-1775.
[7]Dupuis C,Mendoza-Barron V.Avoid pilot holes,land wells,and optimize well placement and production with deep directional resistivity logging while drilling[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,2014,29(4):473-480.
[8]Seydoux J,Legendre E,Mirto E,et al.Full 3D deep directional resistivity measurements optimize well placement and provide reservoir-scale imaging while drilling[C]//SPWLA 55th Annual Logging Symposium,Abu Dhabi,2014:1-14.
[9]解茜草,孙超,仵杰,等.定向电磁波测井仪双倾斜线圈系结构研究[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(2):36-38.Xie Xicao,Sun Chao,Wu Jie,et al.Research on double tilted coils structure for directional electromagnetic wave logger[J].Transducer&Microsystem Technologies,2016,35(2):36-38.
[10]万勇,张晓彬,倪卫宁,等.随钻方位电阻率测井仪线圈系设计方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2017,31(1):99-105.Wan Yong,Zhang Xiaobin,Ni Weining,et al.Research on the design of coil system for azimuthal propagation resistivity LWD[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement&Instrumentation,2017,31(1):99-105.
[11]Weng C C.Waves and fields in inhomogenous media[J].New Jersey:Wiley-IEEE Press,1999.
[12]魏宝君,王甜甜,王颖.用磁流源并矢Green函数的递推矩阵方法计算层状各向异性地层中多分量感应测井响应[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):2920-2928.Wei Baojun,Wang Tiantian,Wang Ying.Computing of multi-component induction logging in layered anisotropic formation by the recursive matrix method for magnetic current source dyadic Green’s function[J].Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(11):2920-2928.
[13]雷银照.关于电磁场解析方法的一些认识[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(19):11-25.Lei Yinzhao.Reviews of analytical methods for electromagnetic fields[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(19):11-25.
[14]李阳,朱春波,宋凯,等.弱耦合无线电能传输系统驱动源研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(增刊1):193-198.Li Yang,Zhu Chunbo,Song Kai,et al.Research on the driving source of wireless power transfer system with weekly coupled condition[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S1):193-198.
[15]李艳红,刘国强,张超,等.宽频磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统电源变换器技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊1):25-31.Li Yanhong,Liu Guoqiang,Zhang Chao,et al.Broadband power converter for wireless power transfer system via coupled magnetic resonances[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):25-31.
[16]Biondi T,Scuderi A,Ragonese E,et al.Analysis and modeling of layout scaling in silicon integrated stacked transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2006,54(5):2203-2210.