并罐式无钟高炉布料过程偏析优化措施
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摘要
基于国内某5 500 m3高炉,建立了并罐式无钟炉顶系统三维几何模型,利用离散单元法对高炉炉料从矿焦槽运动至料面全过程进行了分析,并通过1∶1模型试验对计算结果进行了验证。此外,分别研究了光面圆溜槽、料磨料圆溜槽、光面方溜槽和料磨料方溜槽等4种溜槽结构和600、650和730 mm等3种喉管直径对布料过程落点偏析和流量偏析的影响。结果表明,计算结果与试验结果基本吻合。使用方溜槽有利于改善并罐高炉布料过程中的落点偏析和流量偏析,同时,溜槽上的料磨料结构有利于进一步改善偏析程度。使用600 mm喉管直径时也有利于改善并罐高炉布料过程中的落点偏析和流量偏析,在喉管内不堵料的情况下,使用尽可能小的喉管有利于改善偏析。
Based on an 5 500 m3 blast furnace in China,a three dimensional geometrical model of bell-less top system with two parallel hoppers was established,and the motion process of burdens from the bunker to the stock surface was analyzed by the discrete element method,and the calculated results were verified by a 1:1 scale model experiment. In addition,the effect of chute structures,including the smooth semicircular chute,the rough semicircular chute,the smooth rectangular chute and the rough rectangular chute,and the central throat tube diameter,such as 600,650 and730 mm,on the flux segregation and the falling point segregation were also investigated. The calculated results show a well agreement with the experimental results. The rectangular chute is benefit to improve the falling point segregation and the flux segregation during the charging process of the blast furnace with two parallel hoppers. Meanwhile,the rock box structure in the chute is also favor to improve the segregation further. Using the 600 mm central throat tube is helpful to improve the falling point segregation and the flux segregation during the charging process of blast furnace with two parallel hoppers. In the case of unplugging in the throat,it is helpful to improve the segregation by using the smallest tube.
Based on an 5 500 m3 blast furnace in China,a three dimensional geometrical model of bell-less top system with two parallel hoppers was established,and the motion process of burdens from the bunker to the stock surface was analyzed by the discrete element method,and the calculated results were verified by a 1:1 scale model experiment. In addition,the effect of chute structures,including the smooth semicircular chute,the rough semicircular chute,the smooth rectangular chute and the rough rectangular chute,and the central throat tube diameter,such as 600,650 and730 mm,on the flux segregation and the falling point segregation were also investigated. The calculated results show a well agreement with the experimental results. The rectangular chute is benefit to improve the falling point segregation and the flux segregation during the charging process of the blast furnace with two parallel hoppers. Meanwhile,the rock box structure in the chute is also favor to improve the segregation further. Using the 600 mm central throat tube is helpful to improve the falling point segregation and the flux segregation during the charging process of blast furnace with two parallel hoppers. In the case of unplugging in the throat,it is helpful to improve the segregation by using the smallest tube.
引文
[1]张福明,钱世崇,殷瑞钰.钢铁厂流程结构优化与高炉大型化[J].钢铁,2012,47(7):1.(ZHANG Fu-ming,QIAN Shichong,YIN Rui-yu. Blast furnace enlargement and optimization of manufacture process structure of steel plant[J]. Iron and Steel,2012,47(7):1.)
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[6] Standish N. Studies of size segregation in filling and emptying a hopper[J]. Powder Technology,1985,45:43.
[7] Kajiwara Y,Jimbo T,Joko T,et al. Investigation of bell-less charging based on full scale model experiments[J]. Transactions ISIJ,1984,24:799.
[8]赵国磊,程树森,徐文轩,等.高炉中心加焦炉料分布机理及布料方式探讨[J].钢铁,2016,51(6):10.(ZHAO Guo-lei,CHENG Shu-sen,XU Wen-xuan,et al. Mechanism of burden distribution in central coke chargingprocess and exploration on charging pattern in blast furnace[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(6):10.)
[9]滕召杰,程树森,赵国磊.溜槽截面形状及参数对高炉布料的影响[J].钢铁,2014,49(9):34.(TENG Zhao-jie,CHENG Shusen,ZHAO Guo-lei. Influence of chute cross section and parameters on burdendistribution for blast furnace[J]. Iron and Steel,2014,49(9):34.)
[10]滕召杰,程树森,赵国磊.并罐式无钟炉顶布料料面中心研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2014,26(6):5.(TENG Zhao-jie,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei. Research of the center of the burden surface for a bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2014,26(6):5.)
[11]杜鹏宇,程树森,滕召杰.并罐式无钟炉顶布料蛇形偏料的研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(4):479.(DU Peng-yu,CHENG Shu-sen,TENG Zhao-jie. Research of snakelike deviation in the burden distribution of a parallel-hopperbell-less top[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(4):479.)
[12]邱家用,高征铠,张建良,等.无料钟炉顶高炉中炉料流动轨迹的模拟[J].过程工程学报,2011,11(3):368.(QIU Jia-yong,GAO Zheng-kai,ZHANG Jian-liang,et al. Simulation of burden trajectory in a bell-less top blast furnace[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2011,11(3):368.)
[13]任廷志,刘剑平,郑明会.并罐式无钟高炉周向均匀布料[J].东北重型机械学院学报,1997(1):15.(REN Ting-zhi,LIU Jian-ping,ZHENG Ming-hui. The method of even burden distributionfor the bell-less top with parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Northeast Heavy Machinery Institute,1997(1):15.)
[14] Ren T,Jin X,Ben H,et al. Burden distribution for bell-less top with two parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2006,13(2):14.
[15]徐文轩,程树森,牛群,等.并罐式无钟炉顶装料模式对料面炉料分布的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(12):8.(XU Wen-xuan,CHENG Shu-sen,NIU Qun,et al. Effects of charging patterns of bell-less top blast furnace withtwo parallel hoppers on burden distribution of stock surface[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(12):8.)
[16]徐文轩,程树森,赵国磊,等.并罐式无钟炉顶装料过程中炉料运动及分布的离散元分析[J].过程工程学报,2016(6):1038.(XU Wen-xuan,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei,et al.Analysis of particles movement and size distribution in parallelhopper bell-less top of blast furnace with discrete element method[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2016(6):1038.)
[17]李超,程树森,赵国磊,等.串罐式无钟高炉炉顶炉料运动的离散元分析[J].过程工程学报,2015(1):1.(LI Chao,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei,et al. Analysis of particles movement in the serial-hopper bell-less top of blast furnace with discrete element method[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2015(1):1.)
[18]邱廷省,吴紧钢,邱小平,等.无料钟并罐装料过程的离散单元模拟[J].计算机与应用化学,2015(5):527.(QIU Tingsheng,WU Jin-gang,QIU Xiao-ping,et al. A discrete element method modeling for charging process in a bell-less top with two parallel hoppers[J]. Computers and Applied Chemistry,2015(5):527.)
[19]吴紧钢,邱廷省,邱小平,等.多粒径颗粒并罐装料偏析行为的离散单元模拟[J].计算机与应用化学,2015(9):1031.(WU Jin-gang,QIU Ting-sheng,QIU Xiao-ping,et al. A discrete element method for modeling segregation behavior in charging poly disperseparticles into two parallel hoppers[J]. Computers and Applied Chemistry,2015(9):1031.)
[20]胡招文,郭福亮,陈晨,等. DEM模拟解析二元混合颗粒粒径偏析分布规律[J].重庆大学学报,2015(5):38.(HU Zhaowen,GUO Fu-liang,CHEN Chen,et al. Analysis on distribution law of particle size segregation of binary particle mixtures based on DEM[J]. Journal of Chongqing University,2015(5):38.)
[21] Mitra T,Saxén H. Discrete element simulation of charging and mixed layer formation in the ironmaking blast furnace[J]. Computational Particle Mechanics,2016,3(4):541.
[22] Mitra T,Saxén H. Simulation of Burden Distribution and Charging in an Ironmaking Blast Furnace[J]. IFAC-Papers on Line,2015,48(17):183.
[23] ZHANG J,QIU J,GUO H,et al. Simulation of particle flow in a bell-less type charging system of a blast furnace using the discrete element method[J]. Particuology,2014,16:167.
[24] LI Y,XU Y,JIANG S. DEM simulations and experiments of pebble flow with monosized spheres[J]. Powder Technology,2009,193(3):312.
[25]郭其飞,李家新,杨佳龙,等.大型高炉实用布料模型开发[J].中国冶金,2016,26(8):17.(GUO Qi-fei,LI Jia-xin,YANG Jia-long,et al. Development of a practical model of burden distribution for a large blast furnace[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(8):17.)
[26] SHI L,ZHAO G,LI M,et al. A model for burden distribution and gas flow distribution of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling,2016,40(23/24):10254.
[27] Nag S,Koranne V M. Development of material trajectory simulation model for blast furnace compact bell-less top[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2013,36(5):371.
[28] TENG Z,CHENG S,DU P,et al. Mathematical model of burden distribution for the bell-less top of a blast furnace[J]. International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2013,20(7):620.
[29] ZHAO H,ZHU M,DU P,et al. Uneven distribution of burden materials at blast furnace top in bell-less top with parallel bunkers[J]. ISIJ International,2012,52(12):2177.
[30] XU J,WU S,KOU M,et al. Circumferential burden distribution behaviors at bell-less top blast furnace with parallel type hoppers[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling,2011,35(3):1439.
[31] ZHAO G,CHENG S,XU W,et al. Comprehensive mathematical model for particle flow and circumferential burden distribution in charging process of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. ISIJ International,2015,55(12):2566.
[32]王波,朱锦明,华建明.宝钢1号高炉并罐装入模式的演变[J].炼铁,2016(1):20.(WANG Bo,ZHU Jin-ming,HUA Jianming. Evolution of parallel hopper charging model in Baosteel calmodel for particle flow[J]. Ironmaking,2016(1):20.)
[33]王挽平.并罐无钟炉顶布料偏析对炉况的影响[J].世界有色金属,2016(5):100.(WANG Wan-ping. Tank and bell-less top fabric had no effect on the furnace conditions of impact[J].World Nonferrous Metal,2016(5):100.)
[2]周春林,刘春明,董亚锋,等.国外炼铁状况及中国炼铁发展方向[J].钢铁,2008,43(12):1.(ZHOU Chun-lin,LIU Chunming,DONG Ya-feng,et al. BF ironmaking in the world and development direction in China[J]. Iron and Steel,2008,43(12):1.)
[3] Guha M,Nag S,Kundu S,et al. Particle size segregation in the falling stream of burden materials[J]. ISIJ International,2009,49(11):1816.
[4] Nag S,Guha M,Kundu S,et al. Mass distribution in the falling stream of burden materials[J]. ISIJ International,2008,48(9):1316.
[5] Standish N,Kilic A. Comparison of stop-start and continuous sampling methods of studying segregation of materials discharging from a hopper[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,1985,11(40):2152.
[6] Standish N. Studies of size segregation in filling and emptying a hopper[J]. Powder Technology,1985,45:43.
[7] Kajiwara Y,Jimbo T,Joko T,et al. Investigation of bell-less charging based on full scale model experiments[J]. Transactions ISIJ,1984,24:799.
[8]赵国磊,程树森,徐文轩,等.高炉中心加焦炉料分布机理及布料方式探讨[J].钢铁,2016,51(6):10.(ZHAO Guo-lei,CHENG Shu-sen,XU Wen-xuan,et al. Mechanism of burden distribution in central coke chargingprocess and exploration on charging pattern in blast furnace[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(6):10.)
[9]滕召杰,程树森,赵国磊.溜槽截面形状及参数对高炉布料的影响[J].钢铁,2014,49(9):34.(TENG Zhao-jie,CHENG Shusen,ZHAO Guo-lei. Influence of chute cross section and parameters on burdendistribution for blast furnace[J]. Iron and Steel,2014,49(9):34.)
[10]滕召杰,程树森,赵国磊.并罐式无钟炉顶布料料面中心研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2014,26(6):5.(TENG Zhao-jie,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei. Research of the center of the burden surface for a bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2014,26(6):5.)
[11]杜鹏宇,程树森,滕召杰.并罐式无钟炉顶布料蛇形偏料的研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(4):479.(DU Peng-yu,CHENG Shu-sen,TENG Zhao-jie. Research of snakelike deviation in the burden distribution of a parallel-hopperbell-less top[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(4):479.)
[12]邱家用,高征铠,张建良,等.无料钟炉顶高炉中炉料流动轨迹的模拟[J].过程工程学报,2011,11(3):368.(QIU Jia-yong,GAO Zheng-kai,ZHANG Jian-liang,et al. Simulation of burden trajectory in a bell-less top blast furnace[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2011,11(3):368.)
[13]任廷志,刘剑平,郑明会.并罐式无钟高炉周向均匀布料[J].东北重型机械学院学报,1997(1):15.(REN Ting-zhi,LIU Jian-ping,ZHENG Ming-hui. The method of even burden distributionfor the bell-less top with parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Northeast Heavy Machinery Institute,1997(1):15.)
[14] Ren T,Jin X,Ben H,et al. Burden distribution for bell-less top with two parallel hoppers[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2006,13(2):14.
[15]徐文轩,程树森,牛群,等.并罐式无钟炉顶装料模式对料面炉料分布的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(12):8.(XU Wen-xuan,CHENG Shu-sen,NIU Qun,et al. Effects of charging patterns of bell-less top blast furnace withtwo parallel hoppers on burden distribution of stock surface[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(12):8.)
[16]徐文轩,程树森,赵国磊,等.并罐式无钟炉顶装料过程中炉料运动及分布的离散元分析[J].过程工程学报,2016(6):1038.(XU Wen-xuan,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei,et al.Analysis of particles movement and size distribution in parallelhopper bell-less top of blast furnace with discrete element method[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2016(6):1038.)
[17]李超,程树森,赵国磊,等.串罐式无钟高炉炉顶炉料运动的离散元分析[J].过程工程学报,2015(1):1.(LI Chao,CHENG Shu-sen,ZHAO Guo-lei,et al. Analysis of particles movement in the serial-hopper bell-less top of blast furnace with discrete element method[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2015(1):1.)
[18]邱廷省,吴紧钢,邱小平,等.无料钟并罐装料过程的离散单元模拟[J].计算机与应用化学,2015(5):527.(QIU Tingsheng,WU Jin-gang,QIU Xiao-ping,et al. A discrete element method modeling for charging process in a bell-less top with two parallel hoppers[J]. Computers and Applied Chemistry,2015(5):527.)
[19]吴紧钢,邱廷省,邱小平,等.多粒径颗粒并罐装料偏析行为的离散单元模拟[J].计算机与应用化学,2015(9):1031.(WU Jin-gang,QIU Ting-sheng,QIU Xiao-ping,et al. A discrete element method for modeling segregation behavior in charging poly disperseparticles into two parallel hoppers[J]. Computers and Applied Chemistry,2015(9):1031.)
[20]胡招文,郭福亮,陈晨,等. DEM模拟解析二元混合颗粒粒径偏析分布规律[J].重庆大学学报,2015(5):38.(HU Zhaowen,GUO Fu-liang,CHEN Chen,et al. Analysis on distribution law of particle size segregation of binary particle mixtures based on DEM[J]. Journal of Chongqing University,2015(5):38.)
[21] Mitra T,Saxén H. Discrete element simulation of charging and mixed layer formation in the ironmaking blast furnace[J]. Computational Particle Mechanics,2016,3(4):541.
[22] Mitra T,Saxén H. Simulation of Burden Distribution and Charging in an Ironmaking Blast Furnace[J]. IFAC-Papers on Line,2015,48(17):183.
[23] ZHANG J,QIU J,GUO H,et al. Simulation of particle flow in a bell-less type charging system of a blast furnace using the discrete element method[J]. Particuology,2014,16:167.
[24] LI Y,XU Y,JIANG S. DEM simulations and experiments of pebble flow with monosized spheres[J]. Powder Technology,2009,193(3):312.
[25]郭其飞,李家新,杨佳龙,等.大型高炉实用布料模型开发[J].中国冶金,2016,26(8):17.(GUO Qi-fei,LI Jia-xin,YANG Jia-long,et al. Development of a practical model of burden distribution for a large blast furnace[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(8):17.)
[26] SHI L,ZHAO G,LI M,et al. A model for burden distribution and gas flow distribution of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling,2016,40(23/24):10254.
[27] Nag S,Koranne V M. Development of material trajectory simulation model for blast furnace compact bell-less top[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2013,36(5):371.
[28] TENG Z,CHENG S,DU P,et al. Mathematical model of burden distribution for the bell-less top of a blast furnace[J]. International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials,2013,20(7):620.
[29] ZHAO H,ZHU M,DU P,et al. Uneven distribution of burden materials at blast furnace top in bell-less top with parallel bunkers[J]. ISIJ International,2012,52(12):2177.
[30] XU J,WU S,KOU M,et al. Circumferential burden distribution behaviors at bell-less top blast furnace with parallel type hoppers[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling,2011,35(3):1439.
[31] ZHAO G,CHENG S,XU W,et al. Comprehensive mathematical model for particle flow and circumferential burden distribution in charging process of bell-less top blast furnace with parallel hoppers[J]. ISIJ International,2015,55(12):2566.
[32]王波,朱锦明,华建明.宝钢1号高炉并罐装入模式的演变[J].炼铁,2016(1):20.(WANG Bo,ZHU Jin-ming,HUA Jianming. Evolution of parallel hopper charging model in Baosteel calmodel for particle flow[J]. Ironmaking,2016(1):20.)
[33]王挽平.并罐无钟炉顶布料偏析对炉况的影响[J].世界有色金属,2016(5):100.(WANG Wan-ping. Tank and bell-less top fabric had no effect on the furnace conditions of impact[J].World Nonferrous Metal,2016(5):100.)