抗盐锻炼对盐胁迫下樱桃番茄幼苗成活率及生理特性的影响
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摘要
针对盐碱地对番茄幼苗移栽后定植生产的严重迫害现象,以"美味"樱桃番茄为试材,设置对照组、抗盐锻炼组与非抗盐锻炼组处理,研究了不同时间循序渐进施用不同递增盐(NaCl)浓度对樱桃番茄幼苗存活率及其抗性生理指标的影响,以期为突破樱桃番茄建植在盐碱环境中成活率低、生长发育不良等难题提供有效解决途径和参考依据。结果表明:相比于非抗盐锻炼组,抗盐锻炼组处理有效地提高了樱桃番茄幼苗移栽到盐碱地的成活率(33.32%);同时抗盐锻炼有效的提高了樱桃番茄幼苗中脯氨酸含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,降低了丙二醛(MDA)的积累量。说明抗盐锻炼通过提高渗透调节物质的含量和抗氧化酶活性,并降低细胞膜氧化损伤以缓解盐碱地对樱桃番茄幼苗的毒害作用,促进了生长。除此,该试验发现低盐浓度比高盐浓度范围锻炼效果更好,以50～150 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl范围最适宜,且浓度梯度差值以25mmol·L~(-1) NaCl递增更为优越。
For the serious persecution of colonization of cherry tomato seedlings after saline land transplants,‘Delicious' cherry tomatoes were used as test materials,and the control group was set,salt-resistant exercise group,and non-salt-resistance exercise group were treated.To study the effect of different incremental salt concentrations(NaCl)on the survival rate and physiological indicators of cherry tomato seedlings at different times.The purpose of this study was to provide an effective way and theoretical basis for the break through of the establishment of cherry tomato in the saline-alkali environment with low survival rate and poor growth and development.The results showed that the salt-tolerant exercise group effectively increased the survival rate of cherry tomato seedlings transplanted to saline-alkali soil(33.32%)compared with the non-salt-resistant exercise group;at the same time,salt-tolerant exercise effectively increased the proline content and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)in cherry tomato seedlings,and reduced malondialdehyde.It indicated that salt-tolerant exercise could improve the osmotic damage of the tomato seedlings by increasing the content of osmotic adjustment substances and antioxidant enzyme activities,and reduce the oxidative damage of cell membranes.In addition,this experiment found that the low salt concentration was better than the high salt concentration range,and the range of 50-150mmol·L~(-1) NaCl was the most suitable,and the difference of the concentration gradient was more advanced by 25mmol·L~(-1) NaCl.
For the serious persecution of colonization of cherry tomato seedlings after saline land transplants,‘Delicious' cherry tomatoes were used as test materials,and the control group was set,salt-resistant exercise group,and non-salt-resistance exercise group were treated.To study the effect of different incremental salt concentrations(NaCl)on the survival rate and physiological indicators of cherry tomato seedlings at different times.The purpose of this study was to provide an effective way and theoretical basis for the break through of the establishment of cherry tomato in the saline-alkali environment with low survival rate and poor growth and development.The results showed that the salt-tolerant exercise group effectively increased the survival rate of cherry tomato seedlings transplanted to saline-alkali soil(33.32%)compared with the non-salt-resistant exercise group;at the same time,salt-tolerant exercise effectively increased the proline content and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)in cherry tomato seedlings,and reduced malondialdehyde.It indicated that salt-tolerant exercise could improve the osmotic damage of the tomato seedlings by increasing the content of osmotic adjustment substances and antioxidant enzyme activities,and reduce the oxidative damage of cell membranes.In addition,this experiment found that the low salt concentration was better than the high salt concentration range,and the range of 50-150mmol·L~(-1) NaCl was the most suitable,and the difference of the concentration gradient was more advanced by 25mmol·L~(-1) NaCl.
引文
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[7]姜淼,许向阳,姜景彬,等.番茄耐盐性的遗传分析[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):88-91.
[8]王利民,黄东风,林琼,等.番茄作物抗盐性研究进展[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(10):1019-1026.
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[11]张浩,郭丽丽,叶嘉,等.樱桃番茄叶片气孔特征和气体交换过程对NaCl胁迫的响应[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(5):107-113.
[12]刘金龙,辛寒晓,范学明,等.盐胁迫下鱼蛋白多肽对樱桃番茄种子发芽特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2017,33(3):662-666.
[13]孟长军.外源水杨酸对樱桃番茄幼苗盐伤害的缓解效应[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(8):160-163.
[14]孟长军,邹志荣.外源ALA对樱桃番茄幼苗盐伤害的缓解效应[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(2):378-381.
[15]尚华.盐生植物及抗盐锻炼[J].内蒙古林业,1993(5):28.
[16]厖士铨,张贤泽.关于大豆、谷子、高粱抗盐锻炼研究[J].东北农学院学报,1961(1):65-70.
[17]姬生栋,王加传,范红军,等.耐盐锻炼小麦幼苗的抗盐性及蛋白质和POD的表达差异[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(1):118-121.
[18]SELVAKUMAR G,KIM K,HU S J,et al.Effect of salinity on plants and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant grpwth-promoting rhizobacteria in alleviation of salt stress[J].Physiolgical Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Plants Under Changing Environment,2014,15(3):115-144.
[19]ARROUSSI H E,BENHIMA R,ELBAOUCHI A,et al.Dunaliella salina exopolysaccharides:A promising biostimulant for salt stress tolerance in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2018,45(8):1-13.
[20]马兆红.从生产市场需求谈我国番茄品种的变化趋势[J].中国蔬菜,2017,18(3):1-5.
[21]王利民,吴一群,黄东风,等.不同营养基质配方对番茄幼苗抗盐性的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(4):382-386.
[22]PARIHAR P,SINGH S,SINGH R,et al.Effect of salinity stress on plants its tolerance strategies:A review[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015(22):4056-4075.
[23] MARTINEZ JP,ANTUNEZ A,ARAYA H,et al.Salt stress differently affects growth,water status and antioxidant enzyme activities in Solanum lycopersicum andits wild relative Solanum chilense[J].Austrlian Journal of Botany,2014,62:359-368.
[24]毕玉蓉,刘伟,刘岩吉,等.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:397-399.
[25]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:46-57.
[26]於丽华,王宇光,孙菲,等.甜菜萌发-幼苗期不同阶段耐盐能力的研究[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(19):22-28.
[27]霍文雨,吴凌云,姚东伟,等.NaCl胁迫下杂交一代番茄幼苗不同部位对蛭石引发的响应[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(9):1781-1787.
[28]FLOWERS T J,COLMER T D.Salinity tolerance in halophytes[J].New Phytologist,2008,179:945-963.
[29]刘滨硕,康春莉,王鑫,等.羊草对盐碱胁迫的生理生化响应特征[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(23):166-173.
[30]姚佳,刘信宝,郭米山,等.不同浓度NaCl胁迫对扁蓿豆苗期生长及生理指标的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(3):565-571.
[31]王丽燕,薄存娇,徐琳娜,等.外源葡萄糖对番茄盐胁迫耐受性的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(7):9-14.
[32]王尚堃.多胺对干旱胁迫下杏苗三个酶活性指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(7):37-41.
[33]李志萍,张文辉.NaCl胁迫对栓皮栎幼苗生长及生理响应[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(8):1630-1637.
[34]孙玉燕,刘磊,郑峥,等.番茄耐旱和耐盐遗传改良的研究进展及展望[J].园艺学报,2012,39(10):2061-2074.
[35]孙文喜,孙文鑫,周大旺,等.植物抗盐性生理生化研究进展及提高植物抗盐性对策[J].农业科技通讯,2013(6):174-178.
[36]陈争平,郝志景.耐盐农业与中国农业现代化[J].清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015,30(5):188-194,199.
[37]胡元德.大棚番茄高产栽培技术及应用实践微探[J].农业与技术,2017,37(24):120.
[2] DORAIS M,EHRET D L,PAPADOPOULOS A P.Tomato(Solanum iycopcrsium)health components:From the seed to the consumer[J].Phytochemistry Review,2008,7(2):231-250.
[3] RUIZ M S,YASUOR H,BEN-GAL A,et al.Salinity induced fruit hypodermis thickening alters the texture if tomato(Solanumly copersicum Mill)fruit[J].Sience Horticulture,2015,35(11):3606-3714.
[4] AHMAD P,WANI M R.Physiolgical mechanisms and adaptation strategies in plants under changing environment[M].New York:Springer,2014:115-144.
[5]刘倩,高娅妮,柳旭,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017(16):1-13.
[6]葛兆健,姚瑶,赵海燕,等.NaCl胁迫对醋栗番茄、樱桃番茄和番茄幼苗生长、叶片气体交换和离子平衡的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(3):45-51.
[7]姜淼,许向阳,姜景彬,等.番茄耐盐性的遗传分析[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):88-91.
[8]王利民,黄东风,林琼,等.番茄作物抗盐性研究进展[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(10):1019-1026.
[9] KOLEKA I,HASANAGIC'D,TODOROVIC'V,et al.Grafting influence on the weight and quality of tomato fruit under salt stress[J].Annals of Applied Biology,2018,172(2):187-196.
[10]霍艳林,关正君.樱桃番茄组培苗对盐胁迫的生理反应[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(1):160-162.
[11]张浩,郭丽丽,叶嘉,等.樱桃番茄叶片气孔特征和气体交换过程对NaCl胁迫的响应[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(5):107-113.
[12]刘金龙,辛寒晓,范学明,等.盐胁迫下鱼蛋白多肽对樱桃番茄种子发芽特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2017,33(3):662-666.
[13]孟长军.外源水杨酸对樱桃番茄幼苗盐伤害的缓解效应[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(8):160-163.
[14]孟长军,邹志荣.外源ALA对樱桃番茄幼苗盐伤害的缓解效应[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(2):378-381.
[15]尚华.盐生植物及抗盐锻炼[J].内蒙古林业,1993(5):28.
[16]厖士铨,张贤泽.关于大豆、谷子、高粱抗盐锻炼研究[J].东北农学院学报,1961(1):65-70.
[17]姬生栋,王加传,范红军,等.耐盐锻炼小麦幼苗的抗盐性及蛋白质和POD的表达差异[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(1):118-121.
[18]SELVAKUMAR G,KIM K,HU S J,et al.Effect of salinity on plants and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant grpwth-promoting rhizobacteria in alleviation of salt stress[J].Physiolgical Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Plants Under Changing Environment,2014,15(3):115-144.
[19]ARROUSSI H E,BENHIMA R,ELBAOUCHI A,et al.Dunaliella salina exopolysaccharides:A promising biostimulant for salt stress tolerance in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2018,45(8):1-13.
[20]马兆红.从生产市场需求谈我国番茄品种的变化趋势[J].中国蔬菜,2017,18(3):1-5.
[21]王利民,吴一群,黄东风,等.不同营养基质配方对番茄幼苗抗盐性的影响[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(4):382-386.
[22]PARIHAR P,SINGH S,SINGH R,et al.Effect of salinity stress on plants its tolerance strategies:A review[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015(22):4056-4075.
[23] MARTINEZ JP,ANTUNEZ A,ARAYA H,et al.Salt stress differently affects growth,water status and antioxidant enzyme activities in Solanum lycopersicum andits wild relative Solanum chilense[J].Austrlian Journal of Botany,2014,62:359-368.
[24]毕玉蓉,刘伟,刘岩吉,等.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:397-399.
[25]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:46-57.
[26]於丽华,王宇光,孙菲,等.甜菜萌发-幼苗期不同阶段耐盐能力的研究[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(19):22-28.
[27]霍文雨,吴凌云,姚东伟,等.NaCl胁迫下杂交一代番茄幼苗不同部位对蛭石引发的响应[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(9):1781-1787.
[28]FLOWERS T J,COLMER T D.Salinity tolerance in halophytes[J].New Phytologist,2008,179:945-963.
[29]刘滨硕,康春莉,王鑫,等.羊草对盐碱胁迫的生理生化响应特征[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(23):166-173.
[30]姚佳,刘信宝,郭米山,等.不同浓度NaCl胁迫对扁蓿豆苗期生长及生理指标的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(3):565-571.
[31]王丽燕,薄存娇,徐琳娜,等.外源葡萄糖对番茄盐胁迫耐受性的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(7):9-14.
[32]王尚堃.多胺对干旱胁迫下杏苗三个酶活性指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(7):37-41.
[33]李志萍,张文辉.NaCl胁迫对栓皮栎幼苗生长及生理响应[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(8):1630-1637.
[34]孙玉燕,刘磊,郑峥,等.番茄耐旱和耐盐遗传改良的研究进展及展望[J].园艺学报,2012,39(10):2061-2074.
[35]孙文喜,孙文鑫,周大旺,等.植物抗盐性生理生化研究进展及提高植物抗盐性对策[J].农业科技通讯,2013(6):174-178.
[36]陈争平,郝志景.耐盐农业与中国农业现代化[J].清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2015,30(5):188-194,199.
[37]胡元德.大棚番茄高产栽培技术及应用实践微探[J].农业与技术,2017,37(24):120.