2015-2017年我国媒介伊蚊幼蚊监测结果分析
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摘要
目的分析2015-2017年我国23个省(自治区、直辖市)媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度,为媒介伊蚊传播疾病的风险评估、预警和防控提供依据。方法收集我国登革热中转支付项目媒介伊蚊监测系统中2015-2017年各地媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度数据,采用SPSS 20.0和Excel 2007软件对不同年份、不同地区媒介伊蚊幼蚊密度进行分析。结果研究期内(2015-2017年)海南省全年、浙江和福建省4-11月、广西壮族自治区(广西)4-9月以及云南省6-10月的媒介伊蚊幼虫布雷图指数(BI)均>5,达到登革热传播风险。广西4-10月和广东省3-11月的诱蚊诱卵器指数(MOI)>5,与BI监测结果呈现相对一致的趋势。重庆、安徽、江西、河南、湖北和四川省(直辖市)的大多数监测月份伊蚊幼蚊BI>5,且河南和湖北省大多数监测月份BI>10,达到媒介伊蚊传播疾病的暴发水平。上海市和湖南省5-9月间的大多数月份BI>5。2016-2017年,河北省6-9月BI均>5,山东省2017年7-9月BI均>5,陕西省2016年6-9月及2017年5月BI均>5。结论我国媒介伊蚊分布省(自治区、直辖市)不同月份的传播风险不同,总体来看,南方Ⅰ类省份[包括广东、云南、广西、海南、福建和浙江6个省(自治区)]传播风险相对较高。建议各地应持续加强媒介伊蚊的监测、风险评估、预警和控制工作,特别是南方重点省份,为我国媒介伊蚊传播疾病的科学防控提供依据。
Objective To analyze larval Aedes density of 23 surveillance provinces in China from 2015 to 2017,and to provide scientific evidence for the risk assessment,early-warning,and control of Aedes-borne diseases.Methods Aedes larvae density data were collected from surveillance provinces of the dengue fever central government transfer payments project between 2015 and 2017,and were analyzed in different years and regions by SPSS 20.0 and Excel 2007 softwares.Results During the study period(2015-2017),the Breteau index(BI) in Hainan throughout the years,Zhejiang and Fujian during April to November,Guangxi during April to September,and Yunnan during June to October,were higher than 5,the Dengue virus transmission threshold,and reached dengue transmission risk level.The Mosqovitrap index(MOI)in Guangxi during April to October and Guangdong during March to November,were higher than5,and showed the same trend as BI surveillance.The BI in Chongqing,Anhui,Jiangxi,Henan,Hubei,and Sichuanduring most of surveillance months from May to October were higher than 5;Furthermore,BI in Henan and Hubei in most surveillance months were higher than 10,and reached dengue outbreak level.BI in Shanghai and Hunan during most surveillance months from May to September were higher than 5.BI in Hebei during June to September 2016 to2017,and that in Shandong during July to September 2017 were higher than 5.BI during June to September 2016 and in May 2017 in Shaanxi were all greater than 5.Conclusion The dengue transmission risk varies in different provinces temporally.Overall,thecategory1 provincesinsouthernpartsof Chinaincluding Guangdong,Yunnan,Guangxi,Hainan,Fujian,and Zhejiang have relatively high risk than other provinces.It is suggested that Aedes surveillance,risk assessment,earlywarning,prevention and control should be strengthened in key provinces especially in south China for fostering the prevention and control of Aedes-borne diseases in the future.
Objective To analyze larval Aedes density of 23 surveillance provinces in China from 2015 to 2017,and to provide scientific evidence for the risk assessment,early-warning,and control of Aedes-borne diseases.Methods Aedes larvae density data were collected from surveillance provinces of the dengue fever central government transfer payments project between 2015 and 2017,and were analyzed in different years and regions by SPSS 20.0 and Excel 2007 softwares.Results During the study period(2015-2017),the Breteau index(BI) in Hainan throughout the years,Zhejiang and Fujian during April to November,Guangxi during April to September,and Yunnan during June to October,were higher than 5,the Dengue virus transmission threshold,and reached dengue transmission risk level.The Mosqovitrap index(MOI)in Guangxi during April to October and Guangdong during March to November,were higher than5,and showed the same trend as BI surveillance.The BI in Chongqing,Anhui,Jiangxi,Henan,Hubei,and Sichuanduring most of surveillance months from May to October were higher than 5;Furthermore,BI in Henan and Hubei in most surveillance months were higher than 10,and reached dengue outbreak level.BI in Shanghai and Hunan during most surveillance months from May to September were higher than 5.BI in Hebei during June to September 2016 to2017,and that in Shandong during July to September 2017 were higher than 5.BI during June to September 2016 and in May 2017 in Shaanxi were all greater than 5.Conclusion The dengue transmission risk varies in different provinces temporally.Overall,thecategory1 provincesinsouthernpartsof Chinaincluding Guangdong,Yunnan,Guangxi,Hainan,Fujian,and Zhejiang have relatively high risk than other provinces.It is suggested that Aedes surveillance,risk assessment,earlywarning,prevention and control should be strengthened in key provinces especially in south China for fostering the prevention and control of Aedes-borne diseases in the future.
引文
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[3]刘起勇.媒介生物控制面临的挑战与媒介生物可持续控制策略[J].中华流行病学杂志,2012,33(1):1-8.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2012.01.001.
[4]刘小波,吴海霞,鲁亮.对话刘起勇:媒介伊蚊可持续控制是预防寨卡病毒病的杀手锏[J].科学通报,2016,61(21):2323-2325.DOI:10.1360/N972016-00734.
[5]Guo YH,Lai SJ,Liu XB,et al.Governmental supervision and rapid detection on dengue vectors:an important role for dengue control in China[J].Acta Trop,2016,156:17-21.DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.12.011.
[6]Xu L,Stige LC,Chan KS,et al.Climate variation drives dengue dynamics[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2017,114(1):113-118.DOI:10.1073/pnas.1618558114.
[7]Jia PF,Chen X,Chen J,et al.How does the dengue vector mosquito Aedes albopictus respond to global warming?[J].Parasit Vectors,2017,10(1):140.DOI:10.1186/s13071-017-2071-2.
[8]Xiang JJ,Hansen A,Liu QY,et al.Association between dengue fever incidence and meteorological factors in Guangzhou,China,2005-2014[J].Environ Res,2017,153:17-26.DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2016.11.009.
[9]Wang YG,Liu X,Li CL,et al.A survey of insecticide resistance in Aedes albopictus(Diptera:Culicidae)during a 2014 dengue fever outbreak in Guangzhou,China[J].J Econ Entomol,2017,110(1):239-244.DOI:10.1093/jee/tow254.
[10]杨明东,姜进勇,郑宇婷,等.云南省边境地区埃及伊蚊分布调查[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(4):406-408.DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.04.020.
[11]蔡传烈,王爱民,许炳芬,等.雷州半岛埃及伊蚊的分布、生态、密度与季节消长的研究[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2007,30(6):361-364,370.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9770.2007.06.012.
[12]黄健人,李继龙,王树声,等.广西清除埃及伊蚊研究[J].广西预防医学,2005,11(3):194.
[13]刘小波,吴海霞,郭玉红,等.2016年中国媒介伊蚊密度监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2018,33(2):144-149.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.02.008.