摘要
本试验旨在研究饲料中添加微生态制剂对仿刺参生长、消化和免疫功能的影响。选用芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌为主要成分的微生态制剂,其活菌数为1.0×109CFU/mL,在配合饲料中分别按0(对照组)、10、20、30和40 mL/kg的添加量添加,配制5种试验饲料,经混合放置9~12 h后,投喂初始体重为(15.36±0.19) g的仿刺参30 d。试验用仿刺参饲养在25 L的塑料箱中,每箱中放置仿刺参10头,每种试验饲料投喂3箱仿刺参。结果显示:1)饲料中添加10、20 mL/kg微生态制剂的试验组仿刺参各项生长指标均显著高于对照组(P <0.05),而饲料中添加30、40 mL/kg微生态制剂的试验组仿刺参出现个体吐脏现象,吐脏率分别为13.33%、26.67%,微生态制剂的有益效果明显减弱。2)仿刺参消化道中蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性随着微生态制剂添加量的增加均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性峰值分别出现在添加量为20、20、30 mL/kg时。饲料中添加微生态制剂的4个试验组仿刺参体腔液中非特异性免疫酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随着微生态制剂添加量的增加而上升,而溶菌酶(LZM)活性则随着微生态制剂添加量的增加先上升后下降,在添加量为30 mL/kg时达到最高。由试验结果可知,当饲料中微生态制剂添加量不超过30 mL/kg时,可有效促进仿刺参的生长和消化,提高仿刺参的免疫功能。
The effects of dietary probiotics on growth,digestion and immune function of sea cucumber( Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) were studied in this experiment. A probiotics mainly containing Bacillus and Lactobacillus was used,and the living bacteria count of this probiotics was 1.0×109 CFU/mL. Sea cucumbers with an initial body weight of( 15.36±0.19) g were fed with 5 experimental diets for 30 days,which supplemented with 0( control),10,20,30 and 40 mL/kg probiotics mixed for 9 to 12 h. Sea cucumbers were cultured in plastic cases( 25 L),and each case had 10 sea cucumbers and sea cucumbers in 3 cases fed one of five experimental diets. The results showed as follows: 1) all growth indices of sea cucumber of experimental groups with10 and 20 mL/kg probiotics were significantly higher than those of control group( P < 0.05). When the addition increased to 30 and 40 mL/kg,there appeared evisceration and the evisceration rate was 13. 33% and26.67%,respectively,resulting in valuable contributions weakened. 2) The activities of protease lipase and amylase in digestive tract were increased initially and then decreased with the supplemental level of probiotics increasing,and the peak appeared in experimental groups with the probiotics supplemental levels of 20,20 and30 mL/kg,respectively. The activities of non-specific immune enzyme in coelomic fluid of sea cucumber in four experimental groups with 10,20,30 and 40 mL/kg probiotics were significantly increased compared with control group( P<0.05). The activities of total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) and catalase( CAT) of sea cucumber were increased with the probiotics supplemental level increasing,but the activity of lysozyme( LZM)of sea cucumber was firstly increased and then decreased,and the highest value was found when the probiotics supplemental level was 30 mL/kg. The results indicate that when the supplemental level of probiotics in diets is under 30 mL/kg,the growth,digestion and immune function of sea cucumber can be promoted effectively.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 6) : 2800-2806]
引文
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