2008-2015年广宁县恙虫病流行特征
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摘要
目的分析广宁县2008-2015年恙虫病的流行特征及影响因素,为恙虫病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中报告的广宁县2008-2015年恙虫病的数据进行统计分析。结果广宁县2008-2015年共报告恙虫病1 353例,死亡1例,报告病例数总体呈逐年上升并维持居高不下的趋势,年均报告发病率38.71/10万。全县17个乡镇均有疫情发生,年均报告发病率居前5位的是坑口镇、螺岗镇、江屯镇、木格镇和北市镇,各镇之间年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=89.200,P<0.05);季节性明显,6-10月为发病高峰期,流行季节为夏秋季;发病以50~70岁年龄段人群高发,不同年龄段年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 229.766,P<0.05);男性年均报告发病率为27.77/10万,女性年均报告发病率为50.77/10万,不同性别年均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=119.262,P<0.05);职业以农民为主(占90.24%)。结论广宁县恙虫病流行强度逐年增加,发病有明显的地区性和季节性,农民为高发人群,建议在夏秋季节对高发地区重点人群加强健康教育,减少感染机会,控制恙虫病的发生和流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiology characteristics of scrub typhus in Guangning county during 2008-2015 and provide a scientific basis for disease control and prevention. Methods The data of scrub typhus were collected from National Diease Reporting Management System and Statistical analysis was performed in Guangning county from 2008 to2015. Results A total of 1 353 scrub typhus cases were reported and 1 died from 2008 to 2015 in Guangning county,the incidence was increased year by year and with an average annual incidence rate of 38.71/105. The scrub typhus covered 17 towns with some of which had relative high incidence of outbreak. The top five towns with high incidence were Kengkou,Luogang,Jiangtun,Muge and Beishi,with statistically significant differences(χ~2=89.200,P<0.05). High incidence season was between June to October with the peak at summer season. Mostly occurred between the age from 50 to 70 years old. There were significant differences between different age groups(χ~2=1 229.766,P<0.05). Male accounted for the rate of 27.77/105;female accounted for the rate of 50.77/105. Gender differences of the average annual incidence were significant(χ~2=119.262,P<0.05). Farmers accounted for the majority of the patients(90.24%). Conclusion The epidemic intensity of scrub typhus in Guangning county increase year by year with regional and seasonal. Patients in the high risk population were farmers. We suggested that health education should be strengthened during summer and autumn seasons,especially for those susceptible populations in the high risk region,to reduce the chance of infection and control the spread of scrub typhus.
Objective To analyze the epidemiology characteristics of scrub typhus in Guangning county during 2008-2015 and provide a scientific basis for disease control and prevention. Methods The data of scrub typhus were collected from National Diease Reporting Management System and Statistical analysis was performed in Guangning county from 2008 to2015. Results A total of 1 353 scrub typhus cases were reported and 1 died from 2008 to 2015 in Guangning county,the incidence was increased year by year and with an average annual incidence rate of 38.71/105. The scrub typhus covered 17 towns with some of which had relative high incidence of outbreak. The top five towns with high incidence were Kengkou,Luogang,Jiangtun,Muge and Beishi,with statistically significant differences(χ~2=89.200,P<0.05). High incidence season was between June to October with the peak at summer season. Mostly occurred between the age from 50 to 70 years old. There were significant differences between different age groups(χ~2=1 229.766,P<0.05). Male accounted for the rate of 27.77/105;female accounted for the rate of 50.77/105. Gender differences of the average annual incidence were significant(χ~2=119.262,P<0.05). Farmers accounted for the majority of the patients(90.24%). Conclusion The epidemic intensity of scrub typhus in Guangning county increase year by year with regional and seasonal. Patients in the high risk population were farmers. We suggested that health education should be strengthened during summer and autumn seasons,especially for those susceptible populations in the high risk region,to reduce the chance of infection and control the spread of scrub typhus.
引文
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[2]中国疾病预防控制中心.恙虫病预防控制技术指南(试行)[Z].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2009.Chinese Center For Disease Control And Prevertion.Guide to prevention and control of tsutsugamushi disease(Trial)[Z].Beijing:China CDC,2009.
[3]方益荣,张丽杰,李群.中国2009年恙虫病疫情分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(1):127-128.Fang YR,Zhang LJ,Li Q.Epidemiological analysis on scrub typhus in China,2009[J].Chin J Public Health,2014,30(1):127-128.
[4]张萌,王显军,赵仲堂.中国恙虫病流行态势及预防控制[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(4):419-423.Zhang M,Wang XJ,Zhao ZT.Current epidemic status and issues on prevention and control of scrub typhus[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2011,32(4):419-423.
[5]彭志强,钟豪杰,梁文佳.广东省2006-2011年恙虫病流行病学分析[J].华南预防医学,2013,39(1):51-52,55.Peng ZQ,Zhong HJ,Liang WJ.Epidemiological analysis of Tsutsugamushi disease in Guangdong Province,2006-2011[J].South China J Prev Med,2013,39(1):51-52,55.
[6]何永辉,郑秀钰,李庆文,等.2010-2014年三水区恙虫病流行特征[J].热带医学杂志,2016,16(1):111-112,122.He YH,Zheng XY,Li QW,et al.Epidemiological features of scrub typhus from 2010 to 2014 in Sanshui district[J].J Trop Med,2016,16(1):111-112,122.
[7]王敬忠,李怀昕,谢旭,等.深圳市2006~2013年恙虫病流行特征分析[J].中国热带医学,2015,15(2):232-233.Wang JZ,Li HX,Xie X,et al.Epidemiological features of scrub typhus in Shenzhen,2006-2013[J].China Tropical Medicine,2015,15(2):232-233.
[8]蒋德勇,王静,余卓君,等.2006-2008年攀枝花市恙虫病流行病学分析[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(4):387-389.Jiang DY,Wang J,Yu ZJ,et al.Epidemiological analysis of scrub typhus in Panzhihua city,2006-2008[J].Chin JV ector Biol&Control,2010,21(4):387-389.