北部湾表层沉积物粒度分布规律及沉积动力分区
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摘要
根据在北部湾东部获得的96个(2006年71个、2010年25个)表层沉积物样的粒度分析,结合水动力、地形地貌条件探讨该区域的沉积物类型和粒度参数特征,并对研究区进行了沉积动力分区。研究区的沉积物类型主要为砂质粉砂和粉砂,二者总量超过60%。对于整个研究区而言,分选系数整体偏高,分选较差,反映了该区复杂的物源和水动力条件。其中在北部湾中部、北部湾北岸、北部湾西南部区域整体上呈现负偏,而在北部湾西北部、琼州海峡西口、海南岛西侧处呈现正偏。研究区峰态极大值出现在北部湾西北部区域,极小值出现在北部湾西南部分。Flemming三角图表明研究区水动力较强,冲刷区位于北部湾南部、海南岛西侧和琼州海峡西口,淤积区位于北部湾中部和西南部。
Grain size analysis of the 25 surface sediment samples and 71 surface sediment samples collected in Beibu Gulf in 2010 and 2006were combined with hydrodynamic conditions and topography to determine the spatial distribution of sediment types,granularity characteristics and dynamic partition.Sediment types in the study area are mainly sandy silt and silty sand,and the total amount is more than 50%.Sorting coefficient is large which reflecting the complexity of provenance and hydrodynamic conditions.Skewness of surface sediment in middle of Beibu gulf,north shore of Beibu gulf and southwest of Beibu gulf is negative,and in west of Beibu gulf,Qiongzhou strait west exports and west of Hannan island is positive.The maximum of the kurtosis appeares in the west of the Beibu Gulf and the minimum appeares in the southwest of the Beibu Gulf;Flemming triangle chart indicates that hydrodynamic is strong in the study area,erosion area is located in the south of Beibu Gulf,west of Hainan Island and the Qiongzhou Strait west exports and deposition area is located in the middle and southwest of Beibu Gulf.
Grain size analysis of the 25 surface sediment samples and 71 surface sediment samples collected in Beibu Gulf in 2010 and 2006were combined with hydrodynamic conditions and topography to determine the spatial distribution of sediment types,granularity characteristics and dynamic partition.Sediment types in the study area are mainly sandy silt and silty sand,and the total amount is more than 50%.Sorting coefficient is large which reflecting the complexity of provenance and hydrodynamic conditions.Skewness of surface sediment in middle of Beibu gulf,north shore of Beibu gulf and southwest of Beibu gulf is negative,and in west of Beibu gulf,Qiongzhou strait west exports and west of Hannan island is positive.The maximum of the kurtosis appeares in the west of the Beibu Gulf and the minimum appeares in the southwest of the Beibu Gulf;Flemming triangle chart indicates that hydrodynamic is strong in the study area,erosion area is located in the south of Beibu Gulf,west of Hainan Island and the Qiongzhou Strait west exports and deposition area is located in the middle and southwest of Beibu Gulf.
引文
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[18]王文介.中国南海海岸地貌沉积研究[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2007:234-242.Wang Wen-Jie Coastal landform sedimentation research in the South China Sea[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Economy Publication House,2007:234-242.
[2]窦衍光,李军,李炎.北部湾东部海域表层沉积物稀土元素组成及物源指示意义[J].地球化学,2012(2):147-157.Dou Yan-Guang,Li jun,Li Yan.REE compositions and provenance implication of surface sediments in Beibu Gulf[J].Geochimica,2012(2):147-157.
[3]陈丽蓉,徐文强,申顺喜,等.南海北部大陆架和北部湾沉积物中的矿物组合及其分布特征[J].海洋科学,1986(3):6-10.Chen Li-Rong,Xu Wen-qiang,Shen Shun-xi,et al.Mineral assembles and their distribution pattern in the sediments from the north continental shelf of the south china sea and the beibu gulf[J].Marine Sciences,1986(3):6-10.
[4]奉仰崇.面对北部湾的思考──关于环北部湾海岸的开发与保护[J].海洋开发与管理,1999(2):14-17.Feng Yang-Chong.Concern about the Beibu Gulf:The exploitation and the preservation[J].Ocean Development and Management,1999(2):14-17.
[5]童国榜,陈亮,龙江平,等.北部湾东部表层孢粉沉积特征及其沉积动力环境[J].科学通报,2012(9):743-752.Tong Guo-Bang,Chen Liang,Long Jiang-Ping.Surface pollen distribution patterns in Beibu Gulf and corresponding sediment dynamics environment[J].Chin Sci Bull,2012(9):902-911.
[6]中国海湾志编纂委员会.中国海湾志第十二分册(广西海湾).1993年12月第一版[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993:73.China′s Gulf Compilation Committee.the 12th of the China’s gulf volunteers(Guangxi Bay)1993.12[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1993:73.
[7]李树华.北部湾潮汐潮流数值计算[J].海洋通报,1985,4(6):6-9.Li Shu-Hua.Numerical simulation for tide and tidal current in the Beibu Gulf[J].Marines Science Bulletin,1985,4(6):6-9.
[8]孙洪亮,黄伟民.黄卫民北部湾潮汐潮流的三维数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2001,23(2):1-8.Sun Hong-Liang,Huang Wei-Ming.Three-dimensional numerical simulation for tide and tidal current in the Beibu Gulf[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2001,23(2):1-8.
[9]赵俊生,王桂云,陈则实,等.海洋环境有效利用的分析研究:北部湾广西沿岸海域[M].北京:海洋出版社,2002.Zhao Jun-Sheng,Wang Gui-Yun,Chen Ze-Shi,et al.The analysis and research of the effective utilization of Marine environment:Guangxi coastal water in the Beibu Gulf[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2002.
[10]董志华,曹立华,薛荣俊.台风对北部湾南部海底地形地貌及海底管线的影响[J].海洋技术,2004(2):24-28,34.Dong Zhi-Hua,Cao Li-Hua,Xue Rong-Jun.The influence on topography and relief in south Gulf Beibu and Suspending o f Pipe caused by typhoon[J].Ocean Technology,2004(2):24-28,34.
[11]曹立华,徐继尚,李广雪,等.海南岛西部岸外沙波的高分辨率形态特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006(4):15-22.Cao Li-Hua,Xu Ji-Shang,Li Guang-Xue,et al.High-resolution morphological characteristics of sand waves off the Hainan Island[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2006(4):15-22.
[12]Folk R L,Andrews P B,Lewis D W.Detrital sedimentary rock classification and nomenclature for use in New Zealand[J].New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics,1970,13(4):937-968.
[13]FLEM MING B W.A revised t extural classif icati on of gr ave-l f ree mu ddy sediment s on the basis of t er nary diagrams[J].Continental Shelf Research,2000(20):1125-1137.
[14]刘振夏,夏东兴.中国近海潮流沉积沙体[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:185-189.Liu Zhen-Xia,Xia Dong-Xing.Tidal Sand in The China Sea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004:185-189.
[15]徐志伟,汪亚平,李炎,等.多元统计及物源分析支持的北部湾东部海域沉积物输运趋势[J].海洋学报(中文版),2010(3):67-78.Xu Zhi-Wei,Wang Ya-Ping,Li Yan,et al.Sediment transport patterns in the eastern Beibu Gulf based on grain size multivariate statistics and provenance analysis[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2010(3):67-78.
[16]Folk R L,Ward W C.Brazos river bar:a study in the signification of grain size parameters[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1957,27:3-27.
[17]张伯虎,陈沈良,刘焱雄,等.广西钦州湾海域表层沉积物分异特征与规律[J].热带海洋学报,2011(4):66-70.Zhang Bo-Hu,Chen Shen-Liang,Liu Yan-Xiong,et al.Sediment characteristics and differentiation in the Qinzhou Bay,Guangxi,China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2011(4):66-70.
[18]王文介.中国南海海岸地貌沉积研究[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2007:234-242.Wang Wen-Jie Coastal landform sedimentation research in the South China Sea[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Economy Publication House,2007:234-242.