野生刺葡萄叶片度量性状研究
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摘要
以695个野生刺葡萄(Vitis davidii)种质为材料,测量9个叶片度量性状,通过Galet的数值分析法将叶片性状数量化并对野生刺葡萄材料进行分类。结果表明,野生刺葡萄的成熟叶型具有丰富多样性,叶片主脉长为67~272mm,其他叶脉长度和夹角也存在不同程度的变异,叶面积变化范围为43.85~573.12cm2。野生刺葡萄叶型变异主成分为叶脉长度和叶面积的变化(占总变异的58.81%),而夹角变化占总变异的15.40%,2个主成分的贡献率累积为74.21%。聚类分析结果显示刺葡萄材料间的欧式平方距离从1到25变化,距离系数为1的材料用A系列表示。在距离系数为5时,刺葡萄材料被分成45类。当距离系数为25时,野生刺葡萄材料被分成2大类,第1类由111个A系列和138个刺葡萄材料组成,而第2大类仅由编号为565和646的2个材料组成。
Vitis davidii is one of the wild grape species in China,and it is widely distributed in the area of southern Qinling Mountains.It is resistant to Botrytis rot,Coniothyrium diplodiella,Glomerella cingulata,and anthracnose with high application values.Six hundred and ninety five accessions of V.davidii were collected and used as materials in this study.Nine metric leaf characters were measured.The leaf traits were characterized quantitatively by using the Galet numerical analysis method,and the wild V.davidii materials were classified.The mature leaf shape demonstrated rich diversity.The length of the main leaf vein was from 67 to 272mm,other vein lengths and angles also had different degrees of variation.The leaf area ranged from 43.85 to 573.12cm2.The principal components of the variation were leaf length and leaf area(accounting for 58.81% of the total variance).The variance of angle accounted for 15.40% of the total variation.The contribution of the two principal components was 74.21%.Cluster analysis showed that the Euclidean square distance among the V.davidii materials changed from 1to 25.The material with a distance coefficient of 1was expressed in A series.When the coefficient was 5,the materials were divided into45 types.When the distance coefficient was 25,the materials were divided into 2categories.The first category was made up of 111 Aseries with 138 materials,and the second major category was consisted of only two materials:No.565 and No.646.
Vitis davidii is one of the wild grape species in China,and it is widely distributed in the area of southern Qinling Mountains.It is resistant to Botrytis rot,Coniothyrium diplodiella,Glomerella cingulata,and anthracnose with high application values.Six hundred and ninety five accessions of V.davidii were collected and used as materials in this study.Nine metric leaf characters were measured.The leaf traits were characterized quantitatively by using the Galet numerical analysis method,and the wild V.davidii materials were classified.The mature leaf shape demonstrated rich diversity.The length of the main leaf vein was from 67 to 272mm,other vein lengths and angles also had different degrees of variation.The leaf area ranged from 43.85 to 573.12cm2.The principal components of the variation were leaf length and leaf area(accounting for 58.81% of the total variance).The variance of angle accounted for 15.40% of the total variation.The contribution of the two principal components was 74.21%.Cluster analysis showed that the Euclidean square distance among the V.davidii materials changed from 1to 25.The material with a distance coefficient of 1was expressed in A series.When the coefficient was 5,the materials were divided into45 types.When the distance coefficient was 25,the materials were divided into 2categories.The first category was made up of 111 Aseries with 138 materials,and the second major category was consisted of only two materials:No.565 and No.646.
引文
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[13]王美军,黄乐,蒋建雄,等.刺葡萄花粉形态观察[J].果树学报,2014(4):610-616.WANG M J,HUANG L,JIANG J X,et al.Observation of the pollen morphology of Vitis davidii[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2014(4):610-616.(in Chinese)
[14]刘毅,唐德瑞,何佳林等.陕西银杏主要栽培品种的数量分类研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(6):100-104.LIU Y,TANG D R,HE J L,et al.Studies on numeric taxonomy of main cuhivars of Ginkgo bilobain Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2006,21(6):100-104.(in Chinese)
[15]GALET P.A Practical ampelography:grapevine identification.Translated by L Morton[M].Ithaca,NY:Cornell University Press,1979.
[16]刘崇怀,郭景南,樊秀彩.葡萄品种资源研究中的叶片测量性状[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(1):31-36.LIU C H,GUO J N,FAN X C.Some ampelometric leaf characteristics used in grape varieties identification[J].Sino-overseas Grapevine&Wine,2010(1):31-36.(in Chinese)
[17]宋军阳,于大永,王西平.葡萄叶片数量化研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(2):142-148.SONG J Y,YU D Y,WANG X P.Research of grape leaf quantification[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2015,43(2):142-148.(in Chinese)
[18]宋来庆,尹克林,韩爱华,等.南方主要鲜食葡萄品种的叶片形态指标鉴别研究[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2004,5:1l-13.
[19]SCHNEIDER C A,RASBAND W S,ELICEIRI K W.NIH image to ImageJ:25years of image analysis[J].Nature Methods,2012,9(7):671-675.
[20]ALBA V,BERGAMINI C,CARDONE M F,et al.Morphological variability in leaves and molecular characterization of novel table grape candidate cultivars(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Molecular Biotechnology,2014,56(6):557-570.
[21]罗明华,尹克林,宋来庆.用测量统计判别法鉴别葡萄品种[J].落叶果树,2005,37(1):1-3
[22]ALBA V,BERGAMINI C,GENGHI R,et al.Ampelometric leaf trait and SSR loci selection for a multivariate statistical approach in Vitis vinifera L.biodiversity management[J].Molecular Biotechnology,2015,57(8):709-719.
[23]李宗艳,张海燕.黄牡丹表型变异及多样性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(4):117-122.LI Z Y,ZHANG H Y.Morphological variation and diversity in populations of Paeonia lutea[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(4):117-122.(in Chinese)
[24]DELGADO D,ALONSO-BLANCO C,FENOLL C,et al.Natural variation in stomatal abundance of Arabidopsis thaliana includes cryptic diversity for different developmental processes[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107(8):1247-1258.
[25]CHITWOOD D H,HEADLAND L R,FILIAULT D L,et al.Native environment modulates leaf size and response to simulated foliar shade across wild tomato species[J].PloS One,2012,7(1):29570.
[26]ZHAO D W,YANG J B,YANG S X,et al.Genetic diversity and domestication origin of tea plant Camellia taliensis(Theaceae)as revealed by microsatellite markers[J].BMC Plant Biology,2014,14(1):1.
[27]张萌,练春兰,松木悠,等.基于SSR分子标记的安徽黄山地区野生刺葡萄的遗传多样性分析[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(6):9-12.
[28]刘昆玉,徐丰,石雪晖,等.基于SRAP标记的刺葡萄亲缘关系分析[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,38(6):607-611.LIU K Y,XU F,SHI X H,et al.Relationship analysis for Vitis davidii Foёx with SRAP molecular markers[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University:Natural Sciences,2013,38(6):607-611.(in Chinese)
[2]贺普超.中国野生葡萄资源与利用[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,1999,特刊.
[3]孔庆山.中国葡萄志[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2004:16-61.
[4]王仁才,熊兴耀,黄复深,等.刺葡萄籽油功效成分及其动物学药理作用研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2008,8(7):1321-1324.WANG R C,XIONG X Y,HUANG F S,et al.Study on functional compositions and pharmacologican effect of vitis dacidii foёx[J].Progress in Modern Biomedicine,2008,8(7):1321-1324.(in Chinese)
[5]邓洁红,谭兴和,王锋,等.刺葡萄皮花色苷的分离及检定[J].中国食品学报,2010(1):200-206.DENG J H,TAN X H,WANG F,et al.Isolation and detection of anthocyanins fromVitis skin[J].Journal of Chinese food,2010(1):200-206.(in Chinese)
[6]郭志君,房玉林,马立娜.中国野生刺葡萄冬剪枝条多酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性研究[J].食品科学,2012,33(19):159-163.GUO Z J,FANG Y L,MA L N.Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of pruned branches of wild spine grape trees(Vitis davidii Foёx)in winter[J].Food Science,2012,33(19):159-163.(in Chinese)
[7]覃民扬,庄席福,黄义华,等.刺葡萄酿酒试验[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2007(4):56-57.
[8]张颖,李峰,刘崇怀,等.中国野生刺葡萄抗白腐病NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列的分离与鉴定[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(4):780-789.ZHANG Y,LI F,LIU C H,et al.Isolation and identification of NBS-LRR resistance gene analogs sequences fromVitis davidii[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2013,46(4):780-789.(in Chinese)
[9]周恒,龙香菊.刺葡萄品种高山一号在贵州铜仁的表现[J].中国果树,2009(6):72.ZHOU H,LONG X J.The behavior of Vitis davidii in Guizhou Tongren[J].China Fruits,2009(6):72.(in Chinese)
[10]罗彬彬,石雪晖,杨国顺,等.湖南省部分地区刺葡萄调查及植物学性状观测[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(5):17-19.LUO B B,SHI X H,YANG G S,et al.Observing and investigating the biological characteristics of Vitis davidii Foёx of some areas of Hunan Provice[J].Sino-Overseas Grapevine&Wine,2010(5):17-19.(in Chinese)
[11]向智莉.湖南省野生葡萄的RAPD分析和刺葡萄生物学性状研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2006.
[12]徐丰,石雪晖,杨国顺,等.湖南不同类型刺葡萄植物学性状研究[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(2):8-12.XU F,SHI X H,YANG G S,et al.Botanical characteristics of various Vitis davidii Foёx in Hunan Province[J].Sino-overseas Grapevine&Wine,2010(2):8-12.(in Chinese)
[13]王美军,黄乐,蒋建雄,等.刺葡萄花粉形态观察[J].果树学报,2014(4):610-616.WANG M J,HUANG L,JIANG J X,et al.Observation of the pollen morphology of Vitis davidii[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2014(4):610-616.(in Chinese)
[14]刘毅,唐德瑞,何佳林等.陕西银杏主要栽培品种的数量分类研究[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(6):100-104.LIU Y,TANG D R,HE J L,et al.Studies on numeric taxonomy of main cuhivars of Ginkgo bilobain Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2006,21(6):100-104.(in Chinese)
[15]GALET P.A Practical ampelography:grapevine identification.Translated by L Morton[M].Ithaca,NY:Cornell University Press,1979.
[16]刘崇怀,郭景南,樊秀彩.葡萄品种资源研究中的叶片测量性状[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2010(1):31-36.LIU C H,GUO J N,FAN X C.Some ampelometric leaf characteristics used in grape varieties identification[J].Sino-overseas Grapevine&Wine,2010(1):31-36.(in Chinese)
[17]宋军阳,于大永,王西平.葡萄叶片数量化研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(2):142-148.SONG J Y,YU D Y,WANG X P.Research of grape leaf quantification[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2015,43(2):142-148.(in Chinese)
[18]宋来庆,尹克林,韩爱华,等.南方主要鲜食葡萄品种的叶片形态指标鉴别研究[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2004,5:1l-13.
[19]SCHNEIDER C A,RASBAND W S,ELICEIRI K W.NIH image to ImageJ:25years of image analysis[J].Nature Methods,2012,9(7):671-675.
[20]ALBA V,BERGAMINI C,CARDONE M F,et al.Morphological variability in leaves and molecular characterization of novel table grape candidate cultivars(Vitis vinifera L.)[J].Molecular Biotechnology,2014,56(6):557-570.
[21]罗明华,尹克林,宋来庆.用测量统计判别法鉴别葡萄品种[J].落叶果树,2005,37(1):1-3
[22]ALBA V,BERGAMINI C,GENGHI R,et al.Ampelometric leaf trait and SSR loci selection for a multivariate statistical approach in Vitis vinifera L.biodiversity management[J].Molecular Biotechnology,2015,57(8):709-719.
[23]李宗艳,张海燕.黄牡丹表型变异及多样性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(4):117-122.LI Z Y,ZHANG H Y.Morphological variation and diversity in populations of Paeonia lutea[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2011,26(4):117-122.(in Chinese)
[24]DELGADO D,ALONSO-BLANCO C,FENOLL C,et al.Natural variation in stomatal abundance of Arabidopsis thaliana includes cryptic diversity for different developmental processes[J].Annals of Botany,2011,107(8):1247-1258.
[25]CHITWOOD D H,HEADLAND L R,FILIAULT D L,et al.Native environment modulates leaf size and response to simulated foliar shade across wild tomato species[J].PloS One,2012,7(1):29570.
[26]ZHAO D W,YANG J B,YANG S X,et al.Genetic diversity and domestication origin of tea plant Camellia taliensis(Theaceae)as revealed by microsatellite markers[J].BMC Plant Biology,2014,14(1):1.
[27]张萌,练春兰,松木悠,等.基于SSR分子标记的安徽黄山地区野生刺葡萄的遗传多样性分析[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(6):9-12.
[28]刘昆玉,徐丰,石雪晖,等.基于SRAP标记的刺葡萄亲缘关系分析[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,38(6):607-611.LIU K Y,XU F,SHI X H,et al.Relationship analysis for Vitis davidii Foёx with SRAP molecular markers[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University:Natural Sciences,2013,38(6):607-611.(in Chinese)