地震应力触发回顾与展望
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摘要
地震大地测量学是现代大地测量学深入地球科学研究领域所产生的新学科分支,利用大地测量资料进行地震应力触发研究是地震大地测量学的主要研究方向之一,其对地震预测预报和防灾减灾都具有重要意义。首先介绍了基于库仑应力失稳准则的库仑应力模型,然后从静态应力触发、动态应力触发和粘弹性应力触发3个方面回顾了地震应力触发研究成果,最后展望了地震应力触发研究发展方向。
Earthquake geodesy is a new branch of modern geodesy, which was generated as a result of its thorough applications to various geoscience problems. Earthquake stress triggering based on geodetic data is one of the main research directions of earthquake geodesy, which is of great significance to earthquake prediction and disaster prevention and mitigation.This paper reviews and summarizes the researches on earthquake stress triggering from three aspects: static stress triggering, dynamic stress triggering and viscoelastic stress triggering, and introduces the latest progresses of relevant studies on earthquake stress triggering. The future development for the realm of earthquake stress triggering is also in prospect.
Earthquake geodesy is a new branch of modern geodesy, which was generated as a result of its thorough applications to various geoscience problems. Earthquake stress triggering based on geodetic data is one of the main research directions of earthquake geodesy, which is of great significance to earthquake prediction and disaster prevention and mitigation.This paper reviews and summarizes the researches on earthquake stress triggering from three aspects: static stress triggering, dynamic stress triggering and viscoelastic stress triggering, and introduces the latest progresses of relevant studies on earthquake stress triggering. The future development for the realm of earthquake stress triggering is also in prospect.
引文
[1] King G C P, Stein R S, Lin J. Static Stress Changes and the Triggering of Earthquakes[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am, 1994, 84(3):935-953
[2] Steacy S, Gomberg J, Cocco M. Introduction to Special Section: Stress Transfer, Earthquake Triggering, and Time-Dependent Seismic Hazard[J]. J Geophys Res,2005, 110(B05S01):1-12
[3] Cocco M, Rice J R. Pore Pressure and Poroelasticity Effects in Coulomb Stress Analysis of Earthquake Interactions[J]. J Geophys Res,2002, 107(B2):1-17
[4] Okada Y. Internal Deformation Due to Shear and Tensile Faults in a Half-space[J]. Bull Seismol Soc Am, 1992, 82(2):1 018-1 040
[5] Pollitz F F. Postseismic Relaxation Theory on a Spherical Earth[J]. Bull Seismol Soc Am,1992, 82(1):422-453
[6] Hill D P, Reasenberg P A, Michael J, et al. Seismicity Remotely Triggered by the Magnitude 7.3 Landers, California, Earthquake [J]. Science,1993,260(5 114):1 617-1 623
[7] Nalbant S S, Mccloskey J. Stress Evolution Before and After the 2008 Wenchuan, China Earthquake [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2011, 307(1):222-232
[8] Zhao B, Bürgmann R, Wang D, et al. Dominant Controls of Downdip Afterslip and Viscous Relaxation on the Postseismic Displacements Following the Mw 7.9 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake [J]. J Geophys Res, 2017,122(10):8 376-8 401
[9] Jónsson S, Segall P, Pedersen R, et al. Post-Earthquake Ground Movements Correlated to Pore-pressure Transients [J]. Nature,2003, 424(6 945):179-183
[10] Stein R S, King G C P, Lin J. Change in Failure Stress on the Southern San Andreas Fault System Caused by the 1992 Magnitude=7.4 Landers Earthquake[J]. Science,1992,258(5 086):1 328-1 332
[11] Toda S, Lin J, Stein R S. Using the 2011 Mw 9.0 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake to Test the Coulomb Stress Triggering Hypothesis and to Calculate Faults Brought Closer to Failure [J]. Earth Planet Space,2011, 63:725-730
[12] Xiong Wei, Tan Kai, Liu Gang, et al. Coseismic and Postseismic Coulomb Stress Changes on Surrounding Major Faults Caused by the 2015 Nepal Mw 7.9 Earthquake [J].Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(11): 4 305-4 316(熊维,谭凯,刘刚,等.2015年尼泊尔Mw 7.9地震对青藏高原活动断裂同震、震后应力影响[J]. 地球物理学报,2015,58(11):4 305-4 316
[13] Wang Jianjun, Xu Caijun. Coseismic Coulomb Stress Changes Associated with the 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake (China) and Its Impacts on Surrounding Major Faults [J].Chinese J Geophys, 2017, 60(11): 4 398-4 420(汪建军, 许才军. 2017年Mw 6.5九寨沟地震激发的同震库仑应力变化及其对周边断层的影响[J]. 地球物理学报, 2017, 60(11):4 398-4 420)
[14] Fu Zhengxiang, Liu Guiping, Chen Qifu. Dynamic Analysis on Interaction Between the Haiyuan-Gulang-Changma Great Earthquake in the North Boundary of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Seismol Geol, 2001, 23(1):35-42(傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):35-42)
[15] Papadimitriou E, Wen X Z, Karakostas V, et al. Earthquake Triggering Along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Western Sichuan, China[J]. Pure Appl Geophys, 2004, 161:1 683-1 707
[16] Li L, Yao D, Meng X, et al. Increasing Seismicity in Southern Tibet Following the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake[J].Tectonophys,2016, 714:62-70
[17] Freed A M, Lin J. Delayed Triggering of the 1999 Hector Mine Earthquake by Viscoelastic Stress Transfer[J]. Nature,2001, 411:180-183
[18] Jia K, Zhou S, Zhuang J, et al. Did the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake Trigger the Occurrence of the 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake in Sichuan, China? [J]. J Geophys Res,2018, doi: 10.1002/2017JB015165
[19] Stein R S, Barka A A, Dieterich J H. Progressive Failure on the North Anatolian Fault Since 1939 by Earthquake Stress Triggering[J]. Geophys J Int,1997, 128:594-604
[20] Nalbant S S, Hubert A, King G C P. Stress Coupling Between Earthquakes in Northwest Turkey and the North Aegean Sea[J]. J Geophys Res,1998, 103(B10):24 469-24 486
[21] McCloskey J, Nalbant S S, Steacy S. Indonesian Earthquake: Earthquake Risk from Coseismic Stress[J]. Nature,2005, 434(7 031):291
[22] Toda S, Lin J, Meghraoui M, et al. 12 May 2008 M = 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake Calculated to Increase Failure Stress and Seismicity Rate on Three Major Fault Systems [J]. Geophys Res Lett,2008, 35(L17305):1-6
[23] Wan Yongge, Sheng Shuzhong, Li Xiang, et al. Stress Influence of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Sequence on Chinese Mainland[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(11):4 277-4 286(万永革,盛书中,李祥,等. 2015年尼泊尔强震序列对中国大陆的应力影响[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(11):4 277-4 286)
[24] Shan B, Zheng Y, Liu C L, et al. Coseismic Coulomb Failure Stress Changes Caused by the 2017 M 7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake, and Its Relationship with the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. Sci China Earth Sci,2017, 60(12):1-9
[25] Brodsky E E, Elst N J V D. The Uses of Dynamic Earthquake Triggering[J]. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci, 2014, 42(1):317-339
[26] Freed A M. Earthquake Triggering by Static, Dynamic, and Postseismic Stress Transfer[J]. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci,2005, 33:335-367
[27] Wu C, Peng Z, Wang W, et al. Dynamic Triggering of Shallow Earthquakes Near Beijing, China[J].Geophys J Int,2011, 185(3):1 321-1 334
[28] Pollitz F F, Stein R S, Sevilgen V, et al. The 11 April 2012 M = 8.6 East Indian Ocean Earthquake Triggered Large Aftershocks Worldwide[J]. Nature,2012, 490(7 419):250-253
[29] Gomberg J, Sherrod B. Crustal Earthquake Triggering Bymodern Great Earthquakes on Subduction Zone Thrusts[J].J Geophys Res,2014, 119:1 235-1 250
[30] Han L, Peng Z, Johnson C W, et al. Shallow Microearthquakes Near Chongqing, China Triggered by the Rayleigh Waves of the 2015 M7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2017, 479:231-240
[31] Kilb D, Gomberg J, Bodin P. Earthquake Triggering by Dynamic Stress [J]. Nature,2000, 408:570-574
[32] Prejean S G, Hill D P. The Influence of Tectonic Environment on Dynamic Earthquake Triggering: A Review and Case Study on Alaskan Volcanoes [J].Tectonophys,2018, 745:293-304
[33] Xu Jing, Shao Zhigang, Ma Hongsheng, et al. Impact of the 2008 Wenchuan 8.0 and the 2013 Lushan 7.0 Earthquakes Along the Longmenshan Fault Zone on Surrounding Faults [J]. Earthquake,2014,34(4):40-49(徐晶,邵志刚,马宏生,等.汶川8.0级地震和芦山7.0级地震对周边断层的影响[J].地震,2014,34(4):40-49)
[34] Lei Xinglin, Ma Shengli, Su Jinrong, et al. Inelastic Triggering of the 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan Earthquake by the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake [J]. Seismol Geol,2013, 35(2):411-422(雷兴林,马胜利,苏金蓉,等.汶川地震后中下地壳及上地幔的粘弹性效应引起的应力变化与芦山地震的发生机制[J].地震地质,2013,35(2):411-422)
[35] Wang Y, Wang F, Wang M, et al. Coulomb Stress Change and Evolution Induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and Its Delayed Triggering of the 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan Earthquake [J]. Seismol ResLett, 2014, 85(1):52-59
[36] Segou M, Parsons T. Testing Earthquake Links in Mexico from 1978 to the 2017 M=8.1 Chiapas and M=7.1 Puebla Shocks [J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2018, 45:708-714
[37] Cattin R, Avouac J P. Modeling Mountain Building and the Seismic Cycle in the Himalaya of Nepal[J]. J Geophys Res, 2000, 105(B6): 13 389-13 407
[38] Bollinger L, Avouac J P, Cattin R, et al. Stress Buildup in the Himalaya [J].J Geophys Res,2004, 109: B11405
[39] Xiong W, Tan K, Qiao X J, et al. Coseismic, Postseismic and Interseismic Coulomb Stress Evolution Along the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust Since 1803[J]. Pure Appl Geophys,2017, 174:1 889-1 905
[40] Shan B, Xiong X, Wang R J, et al. Coulomb Stress Evolution Along Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault System Since 1713 and Its Interaction with Wenchuan Earthquake, May 12, 2008 [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett,2013, 377-378 (5) :199-210
[41] Shao Z, Xu J, Ma H, et al. Coulomb Stress Evolution over the Past 200 Years and Seismic Hazard Along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Sichuan, China[J]. Tectonophys,2016, 670:48-65
[42] Wang J J, Xu C J, Freymueller J T, et al. Probing Coulomb Stress Triggering Effects for a Mw>6.0 Earthquake Sequence from 1997 to 2014 Along the Periphery of the Bayan Har Block on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Tectonophys,2017, 694:249-267
[43] Hardebeck J L. Stress Triggering and Earthquake Probability Estimates[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: B04310
[44] Gomberg J, Belardinelli M E, Cocco M, et al. Time-Dependent Earthquake Probabilities[J]. J Geophys Res,2005, 110:B05S04
[45] Parsons T. Significance of Stress Transfer in Time-Dependent Earthquake Probability Calculations [J]. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110: B05S02
[46] Cattania C, Hainzl S, Wang L, et al. Propagation of Coulomb Stress Uncertainties Inphysics-based Aftershock Models[J]. J Geophys Res,2014, 119:7 846-7 864
[47] Wang J J, Xu C J, Freymueller J, et al. Sensitivity of Coulomb Stress Change to the Parameters of the Coulomb Failure Model: A Case Study Using the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake [J].J Geophys Res,2014, 119(4): 3 371-3 392
[48] Ziv A, Rubin A M. Static Stress Transfer and Earthquake Triggering: No Lower Threshold in Sight?[J].J Geophys Res,2000, 105(B6):13 631-13 642
[49] Shan B, Xiong X, Zheng Y, et al. The Co-seismic Coulomb Stress Change and Expected Seismicity Rate Caused by 14 April 2010 Ms=7.1 Yushu, China, Earthquake [J]. Tectonophys,2011, 510(3-4):345-353
[50] Jónsson S. Stress Interaction Between Magma Accumulation and Trapdoor Faulting on Sierra Negra Volcano, Galápagos [J]. Tectonophys, 2009,471(1-2):36-44
[51] Kraner M L, Holt W E, Borsa A A. Seasonal Nontectonic Loading Inferred from cGPS as a Potential Trigger for the M 6.0 South Napa Earthquake [J]. J Geophys Res,2018, 123: 5 300-5 322
[52] Yin X Z, Chen J H, Peng Z G, et al. Evolution and Distribution of the Early Aftershocks Following the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan, China [J].J Geophys Res,2018, doi:10.1029/2018JB015575
[53] Brown M R M, Ge S. Small Earthquakes Matter in Injection-Induced Seismicity[J]. Geophys Res Lett,2018, 45:5 445-5 453
[54] Radiguet M, Perfettini H, Cotte N, et al. Triggering of the 2014 Mw 7. 3 Papanoa Earthquake by a Slow Slip Event in Guerrero, Mexico[J].Nat Geosci, 2016, 9(11):829-833
[55] Xu X, Ward L, Jiang J, et al. Surface Creep Rate of the Southern San Andreas Fault Modulated by Stress Perturbations from Nearby Large Events[J]. J Geophys Res,2018,doi:10.1029/2018GL080137
[2] Steacy S, Gomberg J, Cocco M. Introduction to Special Section: Stress Transfer, Earthquake Triggering, and Time-Dependent Seismic Hazard[J]. J Geophys Res,2005, 110(B05S01):1-12
[3] Cocco M, Rice J R. Pore Pressure and Poroelasticity Effects in Coulomb Stress Analysis of Earthquake Interactions[J]. J Geophys Res,2002, 107(B2):1-17
[4] Okada Y. Internal Deformation Due to Shear and Tensile Faults in a Half-space[J]. Bull Seismol Soc Am, 1992, 82(2):1 018-1 040
[5] Pollitz F F. Postseismic Relaxation Theory on a Spherical Earth[J]. Bull Seismol Soc Am,1992, 82(1):422-453
[6] Hill D P, Reasenberg P A, Michael J, et al. Seismicity Remotely Triggered by the Magnitude 7.3 Landers, California, Earthquake [J]. Science,1993,260(5 114):1 617-1 623
[7] Nalbant S S, Mccloskey J. Stress Evolution Before and After the 2008 Wenchuan, China Earthquake [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2011, 307(1):222-232
[8] Zhao B, Bürgmann R, Wang D, et al. Dominant Controls of Downdip Afterslip and Viscous Relaxation on the Postseismic Displacements Following the Mw 7.9 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake [J]. J Geophys Res, 2017,122(10):8 376-8 401
[9] Jónsson S, Segall P, Pedersen R, et al. Post-Earthquake Ground Movements Correlated to Pore-pressure Transients [J]. Nature,2003, 424(6 945):179-183
[10] Stein R S, King G C P, Lin J. Change in Failure Stress on the Southern San Andreas Fault System Caused by the 1992 Magnitude=7.4 Landers Earthquake[J]. Science,1992,258(5 086):1 328-1 332
[11] Toda S, Lin J, Stein R S. Using the 2011 Mw 9.0 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake to Test the Coulomb Stress Triggering Hypothesis and to Calculate Faults Brought Closer to Failure [J]. Earth Planet Space,2011, 63:725-730
[12] Xiong Wei, Tan Kai, Liu Gang, et al. Coseismic and Postseismic Coulomb Stress Changes on Surrounding Major Faults Caused by the 2015 Nepal Mw 7.9 Earthquake [J].Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(11): 4 305-4 316(熊维,谭凯,刘刚,等.2015年尼泊尔Mw 7.9地震对青藏高原活动断裂同震、震后应力影响[J]. 地球物理学报,2015,58(11):4 305-4 316
[13] Wang Jianjun, Xu Caijun. Coseismic Coulomb Stress Changes Associated with the 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake (China) and Its Impacts on Surrounding Major Faults [J].Chinese J Geophys, 2017, 60(11): 4 398-4 420(汪建军, 许才军. 2017年Mw 6.5九寨沟地震激发的同震库仑应力变化及其对周边断层的影响[J]. 地球物理学报, 2017, 60(11):4 398-4 420)
[14] Fu Zhengxiang, Liu Guiping, Chen Qifu. Dynamic Analysis on Interaction Between the Haiyuan-Gulang-Changma Great Earthquake in the North Boundary of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Seismol Geol, 2001, 23(1):35-42(傅征祥,刘桂萍,陈棋福.青藏高原北缘海原、古浪、昌马大地震间相互作用的动力学分析[J].地震地质,2001,23(1):35-42)
[15] Papadimitriou E, Wen X Z, Karakostas V, et al. Earthquake Triggering Along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Western Sichuan, China[J]. Pure Appl Geophys, 2004, 161:1 683-1 707
[16] Li L, Yao D, Meng X, et al. Increasing Seismicity in Southern Tibet Following the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake[J].Tectonophys,2016, 714:62-70
[17] Freed A M, Lin J. Delayed Triggering of the 1999 Hector Mine Earthquake by Viscoelastic Stress Transfer[J]. Nature,2001, 411:180-183
[18] Jia K, Zhou S, Zhuang J, et al. Did the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake Trigger the Occurrence of the 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake in Sichuan, China? [J]. J Geophys Res,2018, doi: 10.1002/2017JB015165
[19] Stein R S, Barka A A, Dieterich J H. Progressive Failure on the North Anatolian Fault Since 1939 by Earthquake Stress Triggering[J]. Geophys J Int,1997, 128:594-604
[20] Nalbant S S, Hubert A, King G C P. Stress Coupling Between Earthquakes in Northwest Turkey and the North Aegean Sea[J]. J Geophys Res,1998, 103(B10):24 469-24 486
[21] McCloskey J, Nalbant S S, Steacy S. Indonesian Earthquake: Earthquake Risk from Coseismic Stress[J]. Nature,2005, 434(7 031):291
[22] Toda S, Lin J, Meghraoui M, et al. 12 May 2008 M = 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake Calculated to Increase Failure Stress and Seismicity Rate on Three Major Fault Systems [J]. Geophys Res Lett,2008, 35(L17305):1-6
[23] Wan Yongge, Sheng Shuzhong, Li Xiang, et al. Stress Influence of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Sequence on Chinese Mainland[J]. Chinese J Geophys, 2015, 58(11):4 277-4 286(万永革,盛书中,李祥,等. 2015年尼泊尔强震序列对中国大陆的应力影响[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(11):4 277-4 286)
[24] Shan B, Zheng Y, Liu C L, et al. Coseismic Coulomb Failure Stress Changes Caused by the 2017 M 7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake, and Its Relationship with the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. Sci China Earth Sci,2017, 60(12):1-9
[25] Brodsky E E, Elst N J V D. The Uses of Dynamic Earthquake Triggering[J]. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci, 2014, 42(1):317-339
[26] Freed A M. Earthquake Triggering by Static, Dynamic, and Postseismic Stress Transfer[J]. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci,2005, 33:335-367
[27] Wu C, Peng Z, Wang W, et al. Dynamic Triggering of Shallow Earthquakes Near Beijing, China[J].Geophys J Int,2011, 185(3):1 321-1 334
[28] Pollitz F F, Stein R S, Sevilgen V, et al. The 11 April 2012 M = 8.6 East Indian Ocean Earthquake Triggered Large Aftershocks Worldwide[J]. Nature,2012, 490(7 419):250-253
[29] Gomberg J, Sherrod B. Crustal Earthquake Triggering Bymodern Great Earthquakes on Subduction Zone Thrusts[J].J Geophys Res,2014, 119:1 235-1 250
[30] Han L, Peng Z, Johnson C W, et al. Shallow Microearthquakes Near Chongqing, China Triggered by the Rayleigh Waves of the 2015 M7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 2017, 479:231-240
[31] Kilb D, Gomberg J, Bodin P. Earthquake Triggering by Dynamic Stress [J]. Nature,2000, 408:570-574
[32] Prejean S G, Hill D P. The Influence of Tectonic Environment on Dynamic Earthquake Triggering: A Review and Case Study on Alaskan Volcanoes [J].Tectonophys,2018, 745:293-304
[33] Xu Jing, Shao Zhigang, Ma Hongsheng, et al. Impact of the 2008 Wenchuan 8.0 and the 2013 Lushan 7.0 Earthquakes Along the Longmenshan Fault Zone on Surrounding Faults [J]. Earthquake,2014,34(4):40-49(徐晶,邵志刚,马宏生,等.汶川8.0级地震和芦山7.0级地震对周边断层的影响[J].地震,2014,34(4):40-49)
[34] Lei Xinglin, Ma Shengli, Su Jinrong, et al. Inelastic Triggering of the 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan Earthquake by the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake [J]. Seismol Geol,2013, 35(2):411-422(雷兴林,马胜利,苏金蓉,等.汶川地震后中下地壳及上地幔的粘弹性效应引起的应力变化与芦山地震的发生机制[J].地震地质,2013,35(2):411-422)
[35] Wang Y, Wang F, Wang M, et al. Coulomb Stress Change and Evolution Induced by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and Its Delayed Triggering of the 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan Earthquake [J]. Seismol ResLett, 2014, 85(1):52-59
[36] Segou M, Parsons T. Testing Earthquake Links in Mexico from 1978 to the 2017 M=8.1 Chiapas and M=7.1 Puebla Shocks [J]. Geophys Res Lett, 2018, 45:708-714
[37] Cattin R, Avouac J P. Modeling Mountain Building and the Seismic Cycle in the Himalaya of Nepal[J]. J Geophys Res, 2000, 105(B6): 13 389-13 407
[38] Bollinger L, Avouac J P, Cattin R, et al. Stress Buildup in the Himalaya [J].J Geophys Res,2004, 109: B11405
[39] Xiong W, Tan K, Qiao X J, et al. Coseismic, Postseismic and Interseismic Coulomb Stress Evolution Along the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust Since 1803[J]. Pure Appl Geophys,2017, 174:1 889-1 905
[40] Shan B, Xiong X, Wang R J, et al. Coulomb Stress Evolution Along Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault System Since 1713 and Its Interaction with Wenchuan Earthquake, May 12, 2008 [J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett,2013, 377-378 (5) :199-210
[41] Shao Z, Xu J, Ma H, et al. Coulomb Stress Evolution over the Past 200 Years and Seismic Hazard Along the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of Sichuan, China[J]. Tectonophys,2016, 670:48-65
[42] Wang J J, Xu C J, Freymueller J T, et al. Probing Coulomb Stress Triggering Effects for a Mw>6.0 Earthquake Sequence from 1997 to 2014 Along the Periphery of the Bayan Har Block on the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Tectonophys,2017, 694:249-267
[43] Hardebeck J L. Stress Triggering and Earthquake Probability Estimates[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004, 109: B04310
[44] Gomberg J, Belardinelli M E, Cocco M, et al. Time-Dependent Earthquake Probabilities[J]. J Geophys Res,2005, 110:B05S04
[45] Parsons T. Significance of Stress Transfer in Time-Dependent Earthquake Probability Calculations [J]. J Geophys Res, 2005, 110: B05S02
[46] Cattania C, Hainzl S, Wang L, et al. Propagation of Coulomb Stress Uncertainties Inphysics-based Aftershock Models[J]. J Geophys Res,2014, 119:7 846-7 864
[47] Wang J J, Xu C J, Freymueller J, et al. Sensitivity of Coulomb Stress Change to the Parameters of the Coulomb Failure Model: A Case Study Using the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake [J].J Geophys Res,2014, 119(4): 3 371-3 392
[48] Ziv A, Rubin A M. Static Stress Transfer and Earthquake Triggering: No Lower Threshold in Sight?[J].J Geophys Res,2000, 105(B6):13 631-13 642
[49] Shan B, Xiong X, Zheng Y, et al. The Co-seismic Coulomb Stress Change and Expected Seismicity Rate Caused by 14 April 2010 Ms=7.1 Yushu, China, Earthquake [J]. Tectonophys,2011, 510(3-4):345-353
[50] Jónsson S. Stress Interaction Between Magma Accumulation and Trapdoor Faulting on Sierra Negra Volcano, Galápagos [J]. Tectonophys, 2009,471(1-2):36-44
[51] Kraner M L, Holt W E, Borsa A A. Seasonal Nontectonic Loading Inferred from cGPS as a Potential Trigger for the M 6.0 South Napa Earthquake [J]. J Geophys Res,2018, 123: 5 300-5 322
[52] Yin X Z, Chen J H, Peng Z G, et al. Evolution and Distribution of the Early Aftershocks Following the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan, China [J].J Geophys Res,2018, doi:10.1029/2018JB015575
[53] Brown M R M, Ge S. Small Earthquakes Matter in Injection-Induced Seismicity[J]. Geophys Res Lett,2018, 45:5 445-5 453
[54] Radiguet M, Perfettini H, Cotte N, et al. Triggering of the 2014 Mw 7. 3 Papanoa Earthquake by a Slow Slip Event in Guerrero, Mexico[J].Nat Geosci, 2016, 9(11):829-833
[55] Xu X, Ward L, Jiang J, et al. Surface Creep Rate of the Southern San Andreas Fault Modulated by Stress Perturbations from Nearby Large Events[J]. J Geophys Res,2018,doi:10.1029/2018GL080137