摘要
为了提高CO_2热泵的传热性能,基于Fluent的数值模拟方法研究了超临界CO_2在水平圆直管内的换热特性。采用标准k-ε湍流模型对超临界CO_2流体在内径为4 mm、长度为2 000 mm的水平圆管内的冷却换热进行了数值模拟,主要探究了超临界CO_2流体在管内冷却条件下的温度场分布以及传热系数的变化规律,并研究了CO_2质量流量及进口温度对管内传热性能的影响。模拟结果表明:超临界CO_2的传热系数随质量流量的增加而变大,质量流量增加100 kg/(m~2·s~2),平均传热系数增加约为12%;随着制冷剂进口温度的增加,管内平均传热系数变小,但局部传热系数的最大值并不会发生改变,只会使其出现的节点延后。研究结果可为水平直管在CO_2热泵中的应用提供理论与数据支持。
In order to enhance the heat transfer performance of CO_2 heat pump, the heat transfer performance of supercritical carbon dioxide in horizontal straight tube is conducted based on Fluent numerical simulation method. Cooling heat transfer of supercritical CO_2 in a horizontal tube with diameter of 4 mm and length of 2 000 mm is numerically investigated with k-ε turbulence model. The temperature field and heat transfer coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid under in-tube cooling conditions are mainly investigated. The effects of mass flow rate and inlet temperature on heat transfer performance in horizontal straight tubes are studied. The simulation results show that the heat transfer coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide increases with the increase of mass flow, the mass flow increases by 100 kg/(m~2·s~2), and the average heat transfer coefficient increases by about 12%. With the increase of supercritical carbon dioxide inlet temperature, the average heat transfer coefficient becomes small, but the maximum value of the local heat transfer coefficient doesn't change, only delaying the appearance of the maximum value of the local heat transfer coefficient. The research result may provide important theory and data support for the application of the horizontal straight tube in CO_2 heat pump.
引文
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