克氏原螯虾气象因子影响研究现状与展望
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摘要
克氏原螯虾主要养殖在长江中下游地区,目前最主要的养殖模式为虾稻共作模式。大量研究结果表明,克氏原螯虾的生长发育与气象要素密切相关。水温在25-30℃时,克氏原螯虾生长较快;16-25℃水温范围内,温度越高,越有利于雌虾卵巢发育;20-30℃水温范围内,水温越高,受精卵孵化时间越短。光明和黑暗时间之比为16 h∶8 h时,最有利于雌虾性腺发育。与克氏原螯虾养殖有关的气象灾害主要有暴雨洪涝、高温热害、低温冷害。鉴于目前的养殖和气象因子影响研究及服务现状,建议气象部门开展虾-稻种养基地气象观测站网建设,开展气温与水温相关性和水温预报研究,以及气象要素对克氏原螯虾影响的定量化研究。
The Procambarus clarkii is mainly cultured in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and the main mode of its cultivation is shrimp rice co-operation mode. Plenty of scientific researches indicated that the growth and development of Procambarus clarkii are closely related to meteorological factors. When the water temperature was 25-30 centigrade,the Procambarus clarkii grew faster.The higher the temperature in the water temperature range of 16-25 centigrade,the more beneficial to the ovarian development of the female Procambarus clarkii. The higher the temperature in the range of 20-30 centigrade,the shorter the incubation time of the fertilized eggs of the Procambarus clarkii. When the ratio of light to dark time is 16 hour to 8 hour,it is most conducive to the gonad development of female Procambarus clarkii. The major meteorological disasters related to the culture of Procambarus clarkii are rainstorm,flood,heat injury and low temperature damage. In view of the current research and service status of the influence of culture and meteorological factors,it is suggested that the meteorological department carries out the construction of the meteorological observation station network of shrimp rice co-operation breeding base,the study on the correlation between temperature and water temperature and the forecast of water temperature,and the quantitative study of the influence of meteorological factors on the Procambarus clarkii.
The Procambarus clarkii is mainly cultured in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and the main mode of its cultivation is shrimp rice co-operation mode. Plenty of scientific researches indicated that the growth and development of Procambarus clarkii are closely related to meteorological factors. When the water temperature was 25-30 centigrade,the Procambarus clarkii grew faster.The higher the temperature in the water temperature range of 16-25 centigrade,the more beneficial to the ovarian development of the female Procambarus clarkii. The higher the temperature in the range of 20-30 centigrade,the shorter the incubation time of the fertilized eggs of the Procambarus clarkii. When the ratio of light to dark time is 16 hour to 8 hour,it is most conducive to the gonad development of female Procambarus clarkii. The major meteorological disasters related to the culture of Procambarus clarkii are rainstorm,flood,heat injury and low temperature damage. In view of the current research and service status of the influence of culture and meteorological factors,it is suggested that the meteorological department carries out the construction of the meteorological observation station network of shrimp rice co-operation breeding base,the study on the correlation between temperature and water temperature and the forecast of water temperature,and the quantitative study of the influence of meteorological factors on the Procambarus clarkii.
引文
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