滇东老厂矿区多煤层条件下地应力特征及其影响研究
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摘要
基于滇东老厂矿区发育有多煤层,并具有高地应力特征,且对煤层气的勘探开发具有重要影响,为探究地应力对煤层气开采的影响,通过分析该矿区水力压裂试井数据,探讨了地应力对储层压力、渗透率及超压现象的影响。研究结果表明:老厂矿区煤储层压力中大部分来自于地应力,煤层气属于压力主导型应力气;同时,高地应力对煤层流体能量的贡献相对较大,对维持深部煤层的压力状态起到了重要作用,但也给煤储层改造带来较大困难;各煤层压力系数、地应力梯度在层域上呈现波动性变化,且部分煤层普遍超压;随着最小主应力的增大,煤层渗透率逐渐降低,压力系数逐渐升高;各煤层最小主应力梯度同样表现出波动性,表明各煤层地应力特征有较大差异,这与压力系数所表现出的波动性具有一致性,验证了地应力是老厂矿区多层叠置独立含气系统形成的主要控制因素之一。
Based on Laochang Mining Area of East Yunnan developed with many seams,the high geostress features would have important influences to the exploration and development of coalbed methane. In order to discover the geostress affected to coalbed methane development,with the analysis on data of hydraulic fracturing well in the mining area,the paper had a discussion on the geostress affected to the reservoir pressure,permeability and over-pressure phenomenon. The study result showed that in Laochang Mining Area,the coal reservoir pressure mostly came from the geostress. The coalbed methane belonged to the pressure dominate stress gas. Meanwhile,the high geostress would have a high contribution to the fluid energy of the seam,would have an important role to keep the pressure status in the deep seam and would also cause big difficulty to the reconstruction of the coal reservoir. The pressure coefficient of each seam and the geostress gradient would have the fluctuation variation on the strata and the partial seam would be overpressure generally. With the min main stress increased,the permeability of the seam would be steadily reduced and the pressure coefficient would be steadily increased. The min main stress gradient of each seam also would have the fluctuation and could show a big difference between the geostress features of each seam.The fluctuation of the stress gradient would have the same to the fluctuation of the pressure coefficient and could approve that he geostress was the one of the main control factors to form the multi layers overlay and independent gas content system.
Based on Laochang Mining Area of East Yunnan developed with many seams,the high geostress features would have important influences to the exploration and development of coalbed methane. In order to discover the geostress affected to coalbed methane development,with the analysis on data of hydraulic fracturing well in the mining area,the paper had a discussion on the geostress affected to the reservoir pressure,permeability and over-pressure phenomenon. The study result showed that in Laochang Mining Area,the coal reservoir pressure mostly came from the geostress. The coalbed methane belonged to the pressure dominate stress gas. Meanwhile,the high geostress would have a high contribution to the fluid energy of the seam,would have an important role to keep the pressure status in the deep seam and would also cause big difficulty to the reconstruction of the coal reservoir. The pressure coefficient of each seam and the geostress gradient would have the fluctuation variation on the strata and the partial seam would be overpressure generally. With the min main stress increased,the permeability of the seam would be steadily reduced and the pressure coefficient would be steadily increased. The min main stress gradient of each seam also would have the fluctuation and could show a big difference between the geostress features of each seam.The fluctuation of the stress gradient would have the same to the fluctuation of the pressure coefficient and could approve that he geostress was the one of the main control factors to form the multi layers overlay and independent gas content system.
引文
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[16]李伍,朱炎铭,陈尚斌,等.滇东老厂矿区多层叠置独立含煤层气系统[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(7):18-21.LI Wu,ZHU Yanming,CHEN Shangbin,et al.Multilayer superimposed CBM-bearing independent system in Laochang Mining Area,eastern Yunnan[J].Coal Geology of China,2010,22(7):18-21.
[17]孟召平,蓝强,刘翠丽,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘地应力、储层压力及其耦合关系[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(1):122-128.MENG Zhaoping,LAN Qiang,LIU Cuili,et al. In-situ stress and coal reservoir pressure in southeast margin of Ordos Basin and their coupling relations[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(1):122-128.
[18]杨陆武.中国煤层气资源类型与递进开发战略[J].中国煤层气,2007,4(3):3-7.YANG Luwu. Resources classification and progressive development strategy in China[J].China Coalbed Methane,2007,4(3):3-7.
[19]杨兆彪,秦勇.地应力条件下的多层叠置独立含气系统的调整研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(1):70-75.YANG Zhaobiao,QIN Yong. Study of unattached multiple superposed coalbed methane system under stress conditions[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(1):70-75.
[2]孟召平,蓝强,刘翠丽,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘地应力、储层压力及其耦合关系[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(1):122-128.MENG Zhaoping,LAN Qiang,LIU Cuili,et al. In-situ stress and coal reservoir pressure in southeast margin of Ordos basin and their coupling relations[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(1):122-128.
[3]李勇,汤达祯,许浩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地柳林地区煤储层地应力场特征及其对裂隙的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(S1):164-168.LI Yong,TANG Dazhen,XU Hao,et al. Characteristic of in-situ stress field in Liulin Area,Ordos Basin and its control on coal fractures[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(S1):164-168.
[4]王丹,赵峰华,耿昊,等.临汾区块上主力煤层地应力场特征[J].断块油气田,2015,22(3):287-290.WANG Dan,ZHAO Fenghua,GENG Hao,et al. Characteristics of in-situ stress field for upper main coal seam of Linfen Block[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2015,22(3):287-290.
[5]康红普,姜铁明,张晓,等.晋城矿区地应力场研究及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(1):1-8.KANG Hongpu,JIANG Tieming,ZHANG Xiao,et al. Research on in-situ stress field in Jingcheng Mining Area and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(1):1-8.
[6]杨延辉,孟召平,陈彦君,等.沁南一夏店区块煤储层地应力条件及其对渗透性的影响[J].石油学报,2015,36(S1):91-96.YANG Yanhui,MENG Zhaoping,CHEN Yanjun,et al. Geo-stress conditions of coal reservoirs in Qinnan-Xiadian Block and its influences on permeability[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(S1):91-96.
[7]孟召平,田永东,李国富.沁水盆地南部地应力场特征及其研究意义[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):975-981.MENG Zhaoping,TIAN Yongdong,LI Guofu.Characteristics of insitu stress field in Southern Qinshui basin and its research significance[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):975-981.
[8]姜玮,吴财芳,赵凯,等.多煤层区煤储层孔隙特征及煤层气可采性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(8):135-139.JIANG Wei,WU Caifang,ZHAO Kai,et al. Study on pore characteristics of coal reservoir and CBM recoverability in multiple coal seam blocks[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(8):135-139.
[9]刘顺喜,吴财芳.比德一三塘盆地煤储层不同尺度孔隙分形特征研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(2):33-38,67.LIU Shunxi,WU Caifang. Study on fractal characteristics of different scales pore coal reservoir in Bide-Santang Basin[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(2):33-38,67.
[10]王蒙,吴财芳.比德—三塘盆地多煤层条件下煤储层吸附解吸特征研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(3):18-21.WANG Meng,WU Caifang. Study on adsorption and desorption features of coal reservoir in Bide Santang Basin under multi seam condition[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(3):18-21.
[11]吴财芳,王聪,姜玮.黔西比德一三塘盆地煤储层异常高压形成机制[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2014,39(1):73-78.WU Caifang,WANG Cong,JIANG Wei. Abnormal high-pressure formation mechanism in coal reservoir of Bide-Santan basin,western Guizhou province[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2014,39(1):73-78.
[12]沈玉林,秦勇,郭英海,等.“多层叠置独立含煤层气系统”形成的沉积控制因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2012,37(3):573-579.SHEN Yulin,QIN Yong,GUO Yinghai,et al.Sedimentary controlling factor of unattached multiple superimposed coalbed methane system formation[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2012,37(3):573-579.
[13]杨兆彪,秦勇,陈世悦,等.多煤层储层能量垂向分布特征及控制机理[J].地质学报,2013,87(1):139-144.YANG Zhaobiao,QIN Yong,CHEN Shiyue,et al. Controlling mechanism and vertical distribution characteristics of reservoir energy of multi-coalbeds[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,87(1):139-144.
[14]秦勇,熊孟辉,易同生,等.论多层叠置独立含煤层气系统:以贵州织金-纳雍煤田水公河向斜为例[J].地质论评,2008,54(1):65-69.QIN Yong,XIONG Menghui,YI Tongsheng,et al. On unattached multiple superposed coalbed methane system in a case of the Shuigonghe Syncline,Zhijin-Nayong Coalfield,Guizhou[J].Geological Review,2008,54(1):65-69.
[15]逄思宇,贺小黑.地应力对煤层气勘探与开发的影响[J].中国矿业,2014,23(S2):173-177.FENG Siyu,HE Xiaohei. Influence of crustal stress on coalbed methane exploration and development[J]. China Mining Magazine,2014,23(S2):173-177.
[16]李伍,朱炎铭,陈尚斌,等.滇东老厂矿区多层叠置独立含煤层气系统[J].中国煤炭地质,2010,22(7):18-21.LI Wu,ZHU Yanming,CHEN Shangbin,et al.Multilayer superimposed CBM-bearing independent system in Laochang Mining Area,eastern Yunnan[J].Coal Geology of China,2010,22(7):18-21.
[17]孟召平,蓝强,刘翠丽,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘地应力、储层压力及其耦合关系[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(1):122-128.MENG Zhaoping,LAN Qiang,LIU Cuili,et al. In-situ stress and coal reservoir pressure in southeast margin of Ordos Basin and their coupling relations[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(1):122-128.
[18]杨陆武.中国煤层气资源类型与递进开发战略[J].中国煤层气,2007,4(3):3-7.YANG Luwu. Resources classification and progressive development strategy in China[J].China Coalbed Methane,2007,4(3):3-7.
[19]杨兆彪,秦勇.地应力条件下的多层叠置独立含气系统的调整研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(1):70-75.YANG Zhaobiao,QIN Yong. Study of unattached multiple superposed coalbed methane system under stress conditions[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(1):70-75.