小变形循环载荷下Q235材料特性的试验研究
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摘要
为进一步挖掘材料的承载能力,以焊接结构常用材料Q235为研究对象,通过应变控制下的循环加载试验,得到了Q235在小变形量循环载荷作用下的应力应变曲线及特征,应力随循环周次的变化规律,并给出了相应的数学模型。试验结果表明,Q235在小应变对称循环载荷作用下表现出循环硬化特性和包申格效应,随循环周次的增加,循环硬化速率和包申格能量参数变化率最终均会达到一个稳定值;Q235在小应变非对称循环载荷作用下的变形特征,可以看作是其对应变初值和对称应变循环载荷叠加作用的响应,且随循环周次的增加,材料响应应力峰值与屈服应力逐渐回归于相同幅值对称应变作用下的相应数值。
In order to dig out the carrying capacity of the material, small strain cyclic loading test are carried out on Q235, which is commonly used for welded structure. Through the test, stress-strain curve and characteristic are obtained under small deformation cyclic loading, and the change rule of stress along with cyclic time is summarized. Moreover, the corresponding calculation models are put forward. The experimental results show that Q235 shows cyclic hardening behavior and Bauschinger effect under symmetrical small strain cyclic loading, and cyclic hardening rate and Bauschinger energy parameter change rate will all reach a different stable value with the increase of number of cycles. Under asymmetric small strain cyclic loading, the deformation behaviour of Q235 can be looked as the response to the superposition of initial strain value and symmetrical strain cyclic loading. And with the increase of number of cycles, the peak stress and yield stress will return to the corresponding value under the symmetrical strain cyclic loading at the same amplitude.
In order to dig out the carrying capacity of the material, small strain cyclic loading test are carried out on Q235, which is commonly used for welded structure. Through the test, stress-strain curve and characteristic are obtained under small deformation cyclic loading, and the change rule of stress along with cyclic time is summarized. Moreover, the corresponding calculation models are put forward. The experimental results show that Q235 shows cyclic hardening behavior and Bauschinger effect under symmetrical small strain cyclic loading, and cyclic hardening rate and Bauschinger energy parameter change rate will all reach a different stable value with the increase of number of cycles. Under asymmetric small strain cyclic loading, the deformation behaviour of Q235 can be looked as the response to the superposition of initial strain value and symmetrical strain cyclic loading. And with the increase of number of cycles, the peak stress and yield stress will return to the corresponding value under the symmetrical strain cyclic loading at the same amplitude.
引文
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[2]LAKHDAR T,CAILLETAUD G,KACEM S.Experimental and numerical analysis about the cyclic behavior of the 304L and 316L stainless steels at 350℃[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2014,61:32-48.
[3]ZHOU Feng,LI Lu.Experimental study on hysteretic behavior of structural stainless steels under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2016,122:94-109.
[4]MASAYUKI K,MASAHIRO K.Loading sequence effect on fatigue life of Type 316 stainless steel[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2015,81:10-20.
[5]FENG Zhou,LU Li.Experimental study on hysteretic behavior of structural stainless steels under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2016,122:94-109.
[6]彭金波.铝合金的棘轮及低周疲劳行为研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.PENG Jinbo.A study on the ratcheting and low-cycle fatigue behavior of aluminum alloy[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2014.
[7]DALLMEIER J,HUBER O,SAAGE H,et al.Uniaxial cyclic deformation and fatigue behavior of AM50magnesium alloy sheet metals under symmetric and asymmetric loadings[J].Materials and Design,2015,70:10-30.
[8]耿长建,师俊东,李晓欣,等.AZ31B镁合金大应变循环变形行为研究[J].航空发动机,2016,42(1):79-83.GENG Changjian,SHI Jundong,LI Xiaoxin,et al.Cyclic deformation behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy at large amplitude[J].Aeroengine,2016,42(1):79-83.
[9]吴旗,陈以一,周锋.高强度钢材在±10%大应变下的循环加载试验[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(2):89-94.WU Qi,CHEN Yiyi,ZHOU Feng.Cyclic loading tests of high strength steel under large inelastic strains[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(2):89-94.
[10]罗云蓉,王清远,刘永杰,等.Q235、Q345钢结构材料的低周疲劳性能[J].四川大学学报,2012,44(2):169-175.LUO Yunrong,WANG Qingyuan,LIU Yongjie,et al.Low cycle fatigue properties of steel structure materials Q235and Q345[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2012,44(2):169-175.
[11]陈俊岭,舒文雅,李金威,等.Q235钢材在不同应变率下力学性能的试验研究[J].同济大学学报,2016,44(7):1071-1075.CHEN Junling,SHU Wenya,LI Jinwei,et al.Experimental study on dynamic mechanical property of Q235 steel at different strain rates[J].Journal of Tongji University,2016,44(7):1071-1075.
[12]罗云蓉,王清远,付磊,等.Q235钢结构材料的超低周疲劳性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2016,28(12):47-51.LUO Yunrong,WANG Qingyuan,FU Lei,et al.Extremely low cycle fatigue properties of steel structure materials Q235[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2016,28(12):47-51.
[13]戴国欣,王飞,施刚,等.Q345与Q460结构钢材单调和循环加载性能比较[J].工业建筑,2012,42(1):13-17.DAI Guoxin,WANG Fei,SHI Gang,et al.Comparison of monotonic and cyclic performances of structural steel Q345 and Q460[J].Industrial Construction,2012,42(1):13-17.
[14]彭世广,宋仁伯,谭志东,等.衬板用铸态Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C耐磨钢的应变硬化行为研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(8):125-132.PENG Shiguang,SONG Renbo,TAN Zhidong,et al.Research on strain hardening behavior of light-weight Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C cast wear resistant steel for lining plates[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(8):125-132.
[15]ZHANG Zhen,HU Zhengfei,FAN Likun,et al.Low cycle fatigue behavior and cyclic softening of P92ferritic-martensitic steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2015,22(6):534-542.
[16]王海波,万敏,李强,等.TRIP590先进高强钢板的双向加载变形行为[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(6):46-58.WANG Haibo,WAN Min,LI Qiang,et al.Deformation behavior of TRIP590 advanced high strength steel under biaxial loading[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(6):46-58.
[17]金淼,李群,蔡星周,等.板材通过拉深筋时的循环塑性变形机理分析[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(12):38-42.JIN Miao,LI Qun,CAI Xingzhou,et al.Research on cyclic plastic deformation mechanism of sheet flowing through drawbead[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(12):38-42.