京津冀协同立法的现实检视与发展路向——以“应对气候变化”为视角
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摘要
京津冀三地的应对气候变化规范存在明显差异,而且当前相对孤立的规范制成方式与管理机制模式使得京津冀地区减缓与适应气候变化的实际效果欠佳。因此,应摒弃当前"碎片化"的治理模式,强调"府际协同"为三地应对气候变化的必由之路。同时,回顾我国应对气候变化立法先例,奠定法律在气候变化治理中的根本地位,以回应《大气污染防治法》之要求。在京津冀协同立法机制初步建立的背景下,借鉴以往三地大气污染联防联控规范协动的实践经验,适时开展"京津冀协同应对气候变化条例"的制定工作。并以此为突破口,逐步拓展协同立法范围,为京津冀协同发展提供法治保障。
There are obvious differences in climate change norms among Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and at present, the relatively isolated mode of standardization and management mechanism makes the actual effect of mitigating and adapting to climate change in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei less effective. Therefore, we should abandon the fragmentation governance model and emphasize the "inter-governmental cooperation"as the only way to deal with climate change. In addition, the author, by reviewing China's precedents for addressing climate change legislation, lays the fundamental position of the law in addressing climate change in response to the requirements of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution. Under the background of initial establishment of cooperative legislative mechanism in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the formulation of "Regulations on Cooperative Response to Climate Change in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei"should be carried out in suitable time by drawing lessons from the practical experience of the cooperation of joint air pollution prevention and control in this three places before. From this breakthrough,the scope of cooperative legislation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei should be gradually expanded to provide legal guarantee for the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
There are obvious differences in climate change norms among Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and at present, the relatively isolated mode of standardization and management mechanism makes the actual effect of mitigating and adapting to climate change in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei less effective. Therefore, we should abandon the fragmentation governance model and emphasize the "inter-governmental cooperation"as the only way to deal with climate change. In addition, the author, by reviewing China's precedents for addressing climate change legislation, lays the fundamental position of the law in addressing climate change in response to the requirements of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution. Under the background of initial establishment of cooperative legislative mechanism in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the formulation of "Regulations on Cooperative Response to Climate Change in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei"should be carried out in suitable time by drawing lessons from the practical experience of the cooperation of joint air pollution prevention and control in this three places before. From this breakthrough,the scope of cooperative legislation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei should be gradually expanded to provide legal guarantee for the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
引文
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[25]段威.京津冀协同发展中环境治理问题探讨[N].天津日报,2018-09-03(009).
[26]杨晖,贾海丽.京津冀协同立法存在的问题及对策思考——以环境立法为视角[J].河北法学,2017,(07):107-119.
[27]罗俊杰,易凌.区域协同立法博弈分析[J].时代法学,2009,(02):45-49.
[2]关于加强京津冀人大立法工作协同的若干意见[J].天津人大,2015,(05):22-23.
[3]刘平.联合国气候峰会:凝聚全球共识的总动员[N].中国青年报,2014-9-25(05).
[4]李艳芳,张忠利,李程.我国应对气候变化立法的若干思考[J].上海大学学报(社会科学版),2016,(01):1-12.
[5]戴津伟.立法目的条款的构造与作用方式研究[J].法律方法,2016,(02):217-228.
[6]胡鞍钢.如何破解城市“多规合一”共性问题[J].智慧中国,2016,(08):79-81.
[7]朱孔武.粤港澳大湾区跨域治理的法治实践[J].地方立法研究,2018,(04):2-10.
[8]潘晓滨.中国地方应对气候变化先行立法研究[J].法学杂志,2017,(03):132-140.
[9]彭本利,何燕.中国应对气候变化地方立法———特点、局限与展望[J].玉林师范学院学报,2017,(06):65-69.
[10] 2016年中国海平面公报[EB/OL].http://www.soa.gov.cn/zwgk/hygb/zghpmgb/201703/t20170322_55304.html,2018-08-22.
[11]秦大河,董文杰,罗勇,丁永健等.中国气候与环境演变:影响与脆弱性[M].北京:气象出版社,2012.
[12]韩兆柱.京津冀生态治理的府际合作路径研究———以网络化治理为视角[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2018,(18):75-85.
[13]金太军,唐玉青.区域生态府际合作治理困境及其消解[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2011,(05):17-22.
[14]孙玉中.论我国区域环境治理中的共同但有区别责任原则[J].云南行政学院学报,2017,(04):103-108.
[15]刘娟.区域生态府际合作治理的碎片化困境及其出路[J].环境保护科学,2017,(03):52-56.
[16]袁方成,盛元芝.对新西兰“整体政府”改革的理解[J].政治学研究,2011,(05):107-114.
[17]张超.我国跨界公共问题治理模式研究———以跨界水污染治理为例[J].理论探讨,2007,(06):140-142.
[18]姜永坤.建立和完善准公益品的准市场化运行模式[N].解放日报,2007-10-10(014).
[19]黄万华.环境效应研究———以区域竞争为视角[M].北京:人民出版社,2016.171-174.
[20]田丹宇.中国地方应对气候变化立法研究[J].法治社会,2018,(03):79-87.
[21]高桂林,于钧泓,罗晨煜.大气污染防治法理论与实务[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2014.31.
[22]京津冀原则通过人大立法项目协同办法[EB/OL].http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index/content/2017-02/14/content_7012955.htmnode=20908,2018-09-31.
[23]孟庆瑜.论京津冀环境治理的协同立法保障机制[J].政法论丛,2016,(01):121-128.
[24]协同攻坚推进区域空气质量持续改善[N].中国环境报,2018-08-30(001).
[25]段威.京津冀协同发展中环境治理问题探讨[N].天津日报,2018-09-03(009).
[26]杨晖,贾海丽.京津冀协同立法存在的问题及对策思考——以环境立法为视角[J].河北法学,2017,(07):107-119.
[27]罗俊杰,易凌.区域协同立法博弈分析[J].时代法学,2009,(02):45-49.