基于激光超声在高温下对超声波声速的数值模拟
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摘要
超声波声速对于缺陷检测和材料特性表征有着直接影响,因此,研究不同温度下声速的变化规律十分重要。本文通过有限元法对不同温度下激光点源激发的纵波、横波、声表面波的传播速度进行了数值模拟,并得到纵波、横波、声表面波声速与温度的关系式。根据所得到的表达式,反推出了在高温下的泊松比与弹性模量。结果表明:纵波、横波、声表面波声速随温度升高呈现线性降低关系,且随温度的变化率分别为0.8374 m·s~(-1)·℃-1、1.203 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)、1.096 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)。根据所得到声速与温度的表达式反推出高温下的弹性模量、泊松比,通过与理论值比较发现误差分别为3.16%、4%。
Ultrasonic velocity has a direct influence on defect detection and characterization of materials,therefore,it is important to study the variation law of sound speed at different temperatures.In this paper,the propagation velocity of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave excited by laser point source at different temperatures are numerically simulated by finite element method,the relation between sound velocity and temperature of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave is obtained.According to the expression,Poisson' s ratio and elastic modulus are derived at high temperature.The results show that the sound velocity of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave decrease linearly with the increase of the temperature,and the change rate with temperature is 0.8374 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)、1.203 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)、1.096 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1),respectively.According to the expression of the sound velocity and temperature,the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio at high temperature are derived,and compared with the theoretical values,the errors are 3.16% and 4%,respectively.
Ultrasonic velocity has a direct influence on defect detection and characterization of materials,therefore,it is important to study the variation law of sound speed at different temperatures.In this paper,the propagation velocity of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave excited by laser point source at different temperatures are numerically simulated by finite element method,the relation between sound velocity and temperature of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave is obtained.According to the expression,Poisson' s ratio and elastic modulus are derived at high temperature.The results show that the sound velocity of longitudinal wave,transverse wave and surface acoustic wave decrease linearly with the increase of the temperature,and the change rate with temperature is 0.8374 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)、1.203 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1)、1.096 m·s~(-1)·℃~(-1),respectively.According to the expression of the sound velocity and temperature,the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio at high temperature are derived,and compared with the theoretical values,the errors are 3.16% and 4%,respectively.
引文
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[2]ZHANG Jianjun.Preparation of Al/Mg/Al laminated composite fabricated by hot rolled and investigation of microstructureand mechanicalproperties[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2016.(in Chinese)张建军.Al/Mg/Al热轧复合板的制备及其微观组织和力学性能研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[3]D Lévesque,C S Lim,C Padioleau,et al.Measurement of texture in steel by laser-ultrasonic surface waves[C].Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2011,278:012007.
[4]GUO Haiyang,XU Zhixiang,LIU Zhiyi,et al.Laser ultrasonic test for defects of metal plate with coating[J].Laser&Infrared,2017,47(5):541-547.(in Chinese)郭海洋,徐志祥,刘志毅,等.带涂层金属板件缺陷的激光超声检测研究[J].激光与红外,2017,47(5):541-547.
[5]TAN Xianglin,PAN Mengchun,LUO Shitu.Testing method for mechanical properties of materials based onlasergenerated ultrasonic[J].Laser&Infrared,2011,41(11):1183-1187.(in Chinese)谭项林,潘孟春,罗诗途,等.基于激光超声的材料力学性能测试方法研究[J].激光与红外,2011,41(11):1183-1187.
[6]Yong Gang Wang,Zhao Xiu Jiang,Ming Zhi Xing,et al.Dynamic yield and spallation properties of aluminum alloysat different temperatures[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2014,596:222-228.
[7]Guo Ruipeng,Wang Haitao,Zhang Jianyan.Non-contact detection of low carbon steel using laser Generatedultrasound at high temperature[J].Optik,2017,136:536-542.
[8]GUAN Weihe.Research and analysis of ultrasonic shear waves testing and influential factors of pressure vessel&piping in high-temperature environment[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2004.(in Chinese)关卫和.高温环境下压力容器与管道超声横波检测方法研究及影响因素分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[9]Warren Rohsenow,James Hartnett,Young Cho.Handbook of Heat Transfer[M].3rd ed.New York:Mc Graw-Hill Book Company,1998.
[10]M Paul,B Haberer W.Arnold.Materials characterization at high temperatures using laser ultrasound[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1993,168:87-92.