外施脱落酸对镉胁迫下青萍生理特性的影响
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摘要
采用营养液水培方式,研究5 mg·L~(-1)镉(Cd~(2+))对青萍生长、光合色素、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性和细胞膜脂过氧化反应的影响及外施不同质量浓度脱落酸(ABA)对镉胁迫下青萍的缓解效应.结果表明:与空白组(CK)相比,镉能显著抑制青萍的生长,减少光合色素含量,降低超氧化物酶(SOD)活性,增加可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和脯氨酸的含量,提高过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量. ABA的叶面喷施能促进青萍的生长,随着ABA质量浓度的增大,青萍生长指标呈先上升后下降的趋势,另外, ABA的添加降低了青萍POD活性及MDA含量,并在质量浓度为1×10~(-4) mg·L~(-1)或1×10~(-3) mg·L~(-1)时可回到CK水平,为本试验的最佳处理质量浓度.
In this experiment, the effects of exogenous 5 mg·L~(-1) cadmium(Cd~(2+)) and different concentrations of abscisic acid(ABA) in nutrient solution on growth, photosynthetic pigments and osmosis regulates substance content, antioxidant enzyme activities and membrane lipid peroxidation on cell of Lemna minor were studied. The results showed that cadmium could significantly inhibit the growth of Lemna minor and decrease the content of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of superoxide enzyme(SOD), as well as increasing the content of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline. Simultaneously, it could also increase the activities of peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) and malondialdehyde(MDA) content compared with the blank group(CK). Our results also demonstrated the foliar spraying of ABA could promote the growth of Lemna minor, with the increase of ABA mass concentration, the growth index of Lemna minor increased first and then decreased. In addition, the addition of ABA reduced the POD activity and MDA content of Lemna minor, and returned to CK level when the mass concentration was 1×10~(-4) mg· L~(-1) or 1×10~(-3) mg· L~(-1). The mass concentration was the best treatment concentration.
In this experiment, the effects of exogenous 5 mg·L~(-1) cadmium(Cd~(2+)) and different concentrations of abscisic acid(ABA) in nutrient solution on growth, photosynthetic pigments and osmosis regulates substance content, antioxidant enzyme activities and membrane lipid peroxidation on cell of Lemna minor were studied. The results showed that cadmium could significantly inhibit the growth of Lemna minor and decrease the content of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of superoxide enzyme(SOD), as well as increasing the content of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline. Simultaneously, it could also increase the activities of peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) and malondialdehyde(MDA) content compared with the blank group(CK). Our results also demonstrated the foliar spraying of ABA could promote the growth of Lemna minor, with the increase of ABA mass concentration, the growth index of Lemna minor increased first and then decreased. In addition, the addition of ABA reduced the POD activity and MDA content of Lemna minor, and returned to CK level when the mass concentration was 1×10~(-4) mg· L~(-1) or 1×10~(-3) mg· L~(-1). The mass concentration was the best treatment concentration.
引文
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[18] 王宏镔,王焕校,文传浩,等.镉处理下不同小麦品种几种解毒机制探讨[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(4):523-528.
[19] 宋敏,徐文竞,彭向永,等.外源脯氨酸对镉胁迫下小麦幼苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):129-134.
[2] ADIE B A T,PEREZPEREZ J,PEREZPEREZ M M,et al.ABA is an essential signal for plant resistance to pathogens affecting JA biosynthesis and the activation of defenses in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Cell,2007,19(5):1665-1681.
[3] 韩超,申海玉,叶嘉,等.外源脱落酸对小麦幼苗抗镉胁迫能力的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(4):745-750.
[4] HSU Y T,KAO C H.Roleof abscisic acid in cadmium tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings[J].Plant Cell & Environment,2003,26(6):867-874.
[5] ZIEGLER P,ADELMANN K,ZIMMER S,et al.Relative in vitro growth rates of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) the most rapidly growing higher plants[J].Plant Biology,2015,17(suppl 1):33-41.
[6] CUI W,CHENG J J.Growing duckweed for biofuel production:a review[J].Plant Biology,2015,17(suppl 1):16-23.
[7] HOAGLAND D R,ARNON D I.The water culture method for growing plants without soil[J].California Agricultural Experiment Station Circular,1950,347(5406):357-359.
[8] 王学奎,黄见良.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015:131-133.
[9] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:178-181.
[10] BRADFORD M M.A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1976,72:248-254.
[11] CAKMAK I,MARSCHNER H.Enhanced superoxide radical production in roots of zinc-deficient plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1988,39 (207):1449-1460.
[12] POLLE A,OTTER T,SEIFERT F.Apoplastic peroxidases and lignification in needles of Norway spruce(Piceaabies L.)[J].Plant Physiology,1994,106:53-60.
[13] 程旺大,姚海根,张国平,等.镉胁迫对水稻生长和营养代谢的影响[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(3):528-537.
[14] 孙仲秧.外源脱落酸缓解水稻镉毒害的生理机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[15] 谭华强,李焕秀,李晓梅,等.一种显著降低叶用莴苣镉含量的方法:201710474246.6[P].2017-10-17.
[16] STROIN SKI A,CHADZINIKOLAU T,GIZEWSKA K,et al.ABA or cadmium induced phytochelatin synthesis in potato tubers[J].Biologia Plantarum,2010,54(1):117-120.
[17] SARVIKAS P,TYYSTJARVI T,TYYSTJARVI E.Kinetics of prolonged photoinhibition revisited:photoinhibitedphotosystem II centres do not protect the active ones against loss of oxygen evolution[J].Photosynthesis Research,2010,103(1):7-17.
[18] 王宏镔,王焕校,文传浩,等.镉处理下不同小麦品种几种解毒机制探讨[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(4):523-528.
[19] 宋敏,徐文竞,彭向永,等.外源脯氨酸对镉胁迫下小麦幼苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):129-134.