中国高等教育“双一流”建设的回顾与反思
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摘要
"双一流"建设,是"211工程""985工程""优势学科创新平台"和"双一流工程"建设的总称。这一工程在建设历程上,体现出起步探索、试点推进和全面展开三步走的特征。在建设的方式上,体现出政府发动、从上至下;顶层设计、系统推进的特征。通过近27年的建设,这一工程在人才培养、队伍建设、科研成果、政策咨询、学科建设和国际影响等几个方面取得了巨大的成效。但同时也存在着对其它一般高校建设支持不力、形成不公平竞争、一流学科建设标准不明确、一流学科和一流大学评价标准欠科学以及大学人为分等产生了一些歧视文化等不足。
"Double first-class" Construction is the general name of "211 Project", "985 Project", "Superior Discipline Innovation Platform" and "Double first-class Project". In the course of construction, the project embodies the characteristics of initial exploration, pilot promotion and comprehensive development. In the way of construction, it reflects the characteristics of the government's mobilization, from top to bottom, top-level design and system promotion. Through nearly 25 years of construction, this project has made great achievements in the aspects of personnel training, team building, scientific research achievements, policy consultation, discipline construction and international influence. But at the same time, there are also some deficiencies such as weak support for other universities' construction, unfair competition, unclear standards of first-class discipline construction, unscientific evaluation standards of first-class disciplines and first-class universities, and generating some discrimination culture which is formed by grading the universities artificially.
"Double first-class" Construction is the general name of "211 Project", "985 Project", "Superior Discipline Innovation Platform" and "Double first-class Project". In the course of construction, the project embodies the characteristics of initial exploration, pilot promotion and comprehensive development. In the way of construction, it reflects the characteristics of the government's mobilization, from top to bottom, top-level design and system promotion. Through nearly 25 years of construction, this project has made great achievements in the aspects of personnel training, team building, scientific research achievements, policy consultation, discipline construction and international influence. But at the same time, there are also some deficiencies such as weak support for other universities' construction, unfair competition, unclear standards of first-class discipline construction, unscientific evaluation standards of first-class disciplines and first-class universities, and generating some discrimination culture which is formed by grading the universities artificially.
引文
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[15]李雨潜.眭依凡.985、211工程建设的得与失[N].中国社会科学报,2016-08-18.