移动群智感知中基于深度强化学习的位置隐私保护策略
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摘要
群智感知服务的广泛应用带来了个人隐私的泄漏,然而现存的隐私保护策略不能适应群智感知环境.针对相关缺陷,提出了一种移动群智感知中基于深度强化学习的隐私保护策略.该策略通过泛化任务,使得攻击者无法分辨用户具体完成了哪一个任务,切断了用户和任务之间的关联,保护了用户的位置隐私.当混淆任务数量不足以达到用户的隐私保护需求时,使用抑制法放弃该任务.该策略使用深度强化学习的方法不断尝试不同的混淆任务组合,训练一个可以输出最低抑制率的混淆任务选择方案的深度Q网络.实验结果表明,上述策略在不破坏感知任务有效性的前提下,以较低的抑制率保护了用户的位置隐私.
The widespread use of Crowdsensing has brought about personal privacy disclosure. However,the existing privacy protection strategy are not directly tailored for Crowdsensing applications. To address this issue,this paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning based privacy protection strategy. The strategy protects privacy by generalizing Crowdsensing tasks,which cuts off the association between users and tasks,makes it impossible for attackers to distinguish which task was completed by the target user. The task is suppressed when the number of obfuscation tasks is not enough to meet the user's privacy protection requirements. This strategy uses a deep reinforcement learning algorithm to tries different anonymity task set,training a deep Q-network that can output a anonymity task set with the minimum suppression rate. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy protect users' privacy effectively while ensuring data validity and achieve significant performance improvement in terms of suppression rate.
The widespread use of Crowdsensing has brought about personal privacy disclosure. However,the existing privacy protection strategy are not directly tailored for Crowdsensing applications. To address this issue,this paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning based privacy protection strategy. The strategy protects privacy by generalizing Crowdsensing tasks,which cuts off the association between users and tasks,makes it impossible for attackers to distinguish which task was completed by the target user. The task is suppressed when the number of obfuscation tasks is not enough to meet the user's privacy protection requirements. This strategy uses a deep reinforcement learning algorithm to tries different anonymity task set,training a deep Q-network that can output a anonymity task set with the minimum suppression rate. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy protect users' privacy effectively while ensuring data validity and achieve significant performance improvement in terms of suppression rate.
引文
[1]Zeng Ju-ru,Chen Hong,Peng Hui,et al.Privacy preserevation in mobile participatory sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2016,39(3):596-614.
[2]Xu Z,Zhang H,Yu X.Multiple mix-zones deployment for continuous location privacy protection[C].Proceedings of the IEEETrustCom,BigDataSE,ISPA,2017:760-766.
[3]Perazzo P,Dini G.A uniformity-based approach to location privacy[J].Computer Communication,2015,64:21-32.
[4]Xiao Y,Xiong L.Protecting locations with differential privacy under temporal correlations[C].Acm Sigsac Conference on Computer&Communications Security,2015:1298-1309.
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[6]Hu L,Shahabi C.Privacy assurance in mobile sensing networks:Go beyond trusted servers[C].Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing&Communications Workshops,2010:613-619.
[7]Wang X,Cheng W,Mohapatra P,et al.ARTSense:anonymous reputation and trust in participatory sensing[C].Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM,2013,12(11):2517-2525.
[8]Shin M,Cornelius C,Dan P.AnonySense:a system for anonymous opportunistic sensing[J].Pervasive&M obile Computing,2011,7(1):16-30.
[9]Chen X,Wu X.Privacy-aware high-quality map generation with participatory sensing[J].IEEE Transactions on M obile Computing,2016,15(3):719-732.
[10]Song D,Sim J,Park K,et al.A privacy-preserving continuous location monitoring system for location-based services[J].International Journal of Distributed Sensor Netw orks,2015,(2).doi:10.1155/2015/815613.
[11]Kai A,Deisenroth M P,Brundage M,et al.Deep reinforcement learning:a brief survey[J].IEEE Signal Processing M agazine,2017,34(6):26-38.
[12]Yang D,Xue G,Fang X,et al.Incentive mechanisms for crow dsensing:crow dsourcing w ith smartphones[J].IEEE/ACMTransactions on Netw orking,2016,24(3):1732-1744.
[13]Zhang H,Liu B,Susanto H,et al.Incentive mechanism for proximity-based mobile crow d service systems[C].Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference,2016:1-9.
[14]Xu J,Tang X,Hu H,et al.Privacy-conscious location-based queries in mobile environments[J].IEEE Transactions on Parallel&Distributed Systems,2010,21(3):313-326.
[15]Wang Xiong,Liu Zhe,Tian Xiao-hua,et al.Incentivizing crow dsensing w ith lcation-pivacy peserving[J].IEEE Trans.Wireless Communications,2017,16(10):6940-6952.
[16]Brázdil T,Chatterjee K,Chmelík M.Verification of Markov decision processes using learning algorithms[J].Computer Science,2015,8837(11-12):98-114.
[17]Mnih V,Kavukcuoglu K,Silver D,et al.Playing atari with deep reinforcement learning[C].Proceedings of Workshops at the 26th Neural Information Processing Systems,Lake Tahoe,USA,2013:201-220.
[18]Gosavi A,Stone P.Reinforcement learning:a tutorial survey and recent advances[J].Informs Journal on Computing,2009,21(2):178-192.
[19]Bloembergen D,Tuyls K,Hennes D,et al.Evolutionary dynamics of multiagent learning:a survey[J].Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research,2015,53(1):659-697.
[1]曾菊儒,陈红,彭辉,等.参与式感知隐私保护技术[J].计算机学报,2016,39(3):596-614.
[2]Xu Z,Zhang H,Yu X.Multiple mix-zones deployment for continuous location privacy protection[C].Proceedings of the IEEETrustCom,BigDataSE,ISPA,2017:760-766.
[3]Perazzo P,Dini G.A uniformity-based approach to location privacy[J].Computer Communication,2015,64:21-32.
[4]Xiao Y,Xiong L.Protecting locations with differential privacy under temporal correlations[C].Acm Sigsac Conference on Computer&Communications Security,2015:1298-1309.
[5]CYT Ma,DKY Yau,NK Yip,et al.Privacy vulnerability of published anonymous mobility traces[J].IEEE/ACM Transactions on Netw orking,2013,21(3):720-733.
[6]Hu L,Shahabi C.Privacy assurance in mobile sensing networks:Go beyond trusted servers[C].Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing&Communications Workshops,2010:613-619.
[7]Wang X,Cheng W,Mohapatra P,et al.ARTSense:anonymous reputation and trust in participatory sensing[C].Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM,2013,12(11):2517-2525.
[8]Shin M,Cornelius C,Dan P.AnonySense:a system for anonymous opportunistic sensing[J].Pervasive&M obile Computing,2011,7(1):16-30.
[9]Chen X,Wu X.Privacy-aware high-quality map generation with participatory sensing[J].IEEE Transactions on M obile Computing,2016,15(3):719-732.
[10]Song D,Sim J,Park K,et al.A privacy-preserving continuous location monitoring system for location-based services[J].International Journal of Distributed Sensor Netw orks,2015,(2).doi:10.1155/2015/815613.
[11]Kai A,Deisenroth M P,Brundage M,et al.Deep reinforcement learning:a brief survey[J].IEEE Signal Processing M agazine,2017,34(6):26-38.
[12]Yang D,Xue G,Fang X,et al.Incentive mechanisms for crow dsensing:crow dsourcing w ith smartphones[J].IEEE/ACMTransactions on Netw orking,2016,24(3):1732-1744.
[13]Zhang H,Liu B,Susanto H,et al.Incentive mechanism for proximity-based mobile crow d service systems[C].Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference,2016:1-9.
[14]Xu J,Tang X,Hu H,et al.Privacy-conscious location-based queries in mobile environments[J].IEEE Transactions on Parallel&Distributed Systems,2010,21(3):313-326.
[15]Wang Xiong,Liu Zhe,Tian Xiao-hua,et al.Incentivizing crow dsensing w ith lcation-pivacy peserving[J].IEEE Trans.Wireless Communications,2017,16(10):6940-6952.
[16]Brázdil T,Chatterjee K,Chmelík M.Verification of Markov decision processes using learning algorithms[J].Computer Science,2015,8837(11-12):98-114.
[17]Mnih V,Kavukcuoglu K,Silver D,et al.Playing atari with deep reinforcement learning[C].Proceedings of Workshops at the 26th Neural Information Processing Systems,Lake Tahoe,USA,2013:201-220.
[18]Gosavi A,Stone P.Reinforcement learning:a tutorial survey and recent advances[J].Informs Journal on Computing,2009,21(2):178-192.
[19]Bloembergen D,Tuyls K,Hennes D,et al.Evolutionary dynamics of multiagent learning:a survey[J].Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research,2015,53(1):659-697.
[1]曾菊儒,陈红,彭辉,等.参与式感知隐私保护技术[J].计算机学报,2016,39(3):596-614.