长径比对束状炮孔端部裂纹力学特征影响的研究
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摘要
采用动态焦散线实验方法和损伤破坏数值模拟,对平面模型中束状炮孔端部爆生裂纹扩展规律和介质中拉/压损伤区进行了研究。实验结果表明,随着长径比的增大,爆生裂纹的扩展长度增大,扩展角度减小,用于产生端部裂纹的爆炸能量增多,有利于炮孔端部区域岩石破碎。当长径比为5/5时,裂纹扩展最大长度为55 mm,裂纹扩展角约为90°;长径比存在一定值,即当长径比增加到20(30/1.5)时,爆生裂纹扩展长度较大,裂纹扩展角减小到40°,爆生裂纹扩展速度和裂纹尖端应力强度因子整体为最大值;随着长径比的再次增加,扩展角不再变化。数值模拟结果与实验结果一致,炮孔柱部区域形成小面积的"椭圆状"压缩损伤区,而炮孔端部形成"X"形拉伸损伤区,容易形成爆生裂纹,拉伸损伤区半径约为压缩损伤区半径的5倍。
Dynamic caustic experimental method and numerical simulation method were used to study the crack propagation rules and the tension/compression damage zone at the end of boreholes in the planar model.The results show that the effect of different length-diameter ratios on the crack propagation was significant.As the length-diameter ratio increasing,the crack propagation lengths increased and the expansion angles decreased.When the length-diameter ratio was 5/5,the crack propagation angle was about 90°.When the length-diameter ratio increased to be 20(30/1.5),the crack propagation angles decreased to be 40°.As the length-diameter ratios increased again,the crack propagation angled didn't change any more.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results,and Numerical simulation shows that small area of compression damage area formed in the area of the column hole,and "X" type tensile damage zone formed at the end of the hole,which lead to the formation of explosive crack easily at the end of the borehole.The radius of the tensile damage zone was approximately 5 times the radius of the compression zone around the borehole.
Dynamic caustic experimental method and numerical simulation method were used to study the crack propagation rules and the tension/compression damage zone at the end of boreholes in the planar model.The results show that the effect of different length-diameter ratios on the crack propagation was significant.As the length-diameter ratio increasing,the crack propagation lengths increased and the expansion angles decreased.When the length-diameter ratio was 5/5,the crack propagation angle was about 90°.When the length-diameter ratio increased to be 20(30/1.5),the crack propagation angles decreased to be 40°.As the length-diameter ratios increased again,the crack propagation angled didn't change any more.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results,and Numerical simulation shows that small area of compression damage area formed in the area of the column hole,and "X" type tensile damage zone formed at the end of the hole,which lead to the formation of explosive crack easily at the end of the borehole.The radius of the tensile damage zone was approximately 5 times the radius of the compression zone around the borehole.
引文
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[15] 刘巍,徐明,陈忠范.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型参数标定及验证[J]. 工业建筑,2014,44(增1):167-171. Liu Wei,Xu Ming,Chen Zhongfan.Parameters calibration and verification of concrete damage plasticity model of ABAQUS[J]. Industrial Construction,2014,44(S1):167-171.
[2] Neiman I B.Modeling the explosion of a system of borehole charges in a scarp[J]. Journal of Mining Science,1986,22(2):108-113.
[3] Adushkin V V,Kryndushkin S K,Tikhomirov A M.Compressional wave behavior with explosion of a cylindrical charge in a solid medium[J]. Journal of Mining Science,1986,22(4):253-261.
[4] Borovikov V A.Development of a gas cavity when a cylindrical charge is exploded in rock[J]. Journal of Mining Science,1980,16(6):539-551.
[5] 黄星.爆炸激震数值模拟和激震效应研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[6] 刘永胜.海底隧道钻爆开挖围岩稳定性研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学,2010.
[7] 刘永胜,彭建国,王梦恕,等.海底隧道钻爆开挖振动场特征研究[J]. 土木工程学报,2015,48(增1):341-345. Liu Yongsheng,Peng Jianguo,Wang Mengshu,et al.Vibration field feature research of subsea tunnel during drilling and blasting excavation[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(S1):341-345.
[8] 张伟.条形药包爆破数值模拟及其应用[D]. 唐山:河北联合大学,2012.
[9] Thorne B J.A damage model for rock fragmentation and comparison of calculations with blasting experiments in granite[R]. Sandia National Labs,1990.
[10] 郑志涛.高地应力岩体超深孔柱状装药爆破三维模型试验研究[D]. 淮南:安徽理工大学,2017.
[11] Liu L,Katsabanis P D.A numerical study of the effects of accurate timing on rock fragmentation[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,1997,34(5):817-835.
[12] 宋俊生,王雁冰,高祥涛,等.定向断裂控制爆破机理及应用[J]. 矿业科学学报,2016,1(1):16-28. Song Junsheng,Wang Yanbing,Gao Xiangtao,et al. The mechanism of directional fracture controlled blasting and its application[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(1):16-28.
[13] 郭东明,闫鹏洋,薛磊,等.动静载荷下巷道围岩裂纹扩展规律的试验研究[J]. 矿业科学学报,2016,1(2):146-154. Guo Dongming,Yan Pengyang,Xue Lei,et al. The experimental research on the propagation laws of cracks in roadway surrounding rock subjected to static-dynamic load[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(1):16-28.
[14] Chong K P,Kuruppu M D.New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials [J]. International Journal of Fracture,1984,26(2):59-62.
[15] 刘巍,徐明,陈忠范.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型参数标定及验证[J]. 工业建筑,2014,44(增1):167-171. Liu Wei,Xu Ming,Chen Zhongfan.Parameters calibration and verification of concrete damage plasticity model of ABAQUS[J]. Industrial Construction,2014,44(S1):167-171.