古隆起斜坡区不整合三角带对地层圈闭的控制——以塔北隆起西部白垩系为例
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摘要
古隆起斜坡区的不整合三角带是形成地层圈闭的重要有利区带。以塔北隆起西部白垩系为例,综合利用地震、测井和岩心等资料,识别不整合面,计算不整合面剥蚀量,进行沉积体系识别及有利区带预测。结果表明:塔北隆起西部白垩系发育2个角度不整合(TK、TE)及1个平行不整合(TK1bs);白垩系底部发育卡普沙良群、顶部发育巴什基奇克组,其中,卡普沙良群主要发育三角洲和滨浅湖沉积,巴什基奇克组主要发育辫状河三角洲沉积。卡普沙良群底部发育的上超不整合三角带是有利圈闭发育的重点部位,向古隆起斜坡区上超尖灭的三角洲砂体可作为良好的储集体,与上覆泥岩盖层形成良好的储盖组合;巴什基奇克组顶部遭受剥蚀形成的剥蚀不整合三角带也具有良好的地层圈闭条件,遭受剥蚀的辫状河三角洲砂体可作为优质储层,上覆的古近系膏—泥岩沉积可作为优质盖层。该结果对研究区的下一步油气勘探具有指导意义。
The unconformity triangle zone in the slope area of paleo-uplift is an important favorable zone for formation of stratigraphic traps.Taking the Cretaceous in the West North-Tarim Uplift as an example,comprehensive use of seismic,logging and core data,undertaking unconformity tracking,calculating unconformity denudation,identifying sedimentary systems and predicting favorable zones.The results show that two angular unconformities(TK,TE)and one parallel unconformity(TK1 bs)developed in the Cretaceous in West North-Tarim Uplif,Kapushaliang Group developed at the bottom and Bashijiqike Formation developed at the top of the Cretaceous.The Kapushaliang Group mainly develops delta and shore-shallow lake deposits;the Bashijiqike Formation mainly develops braided river delta deposits.The onlap unconformity triangle belt developed at the bottom of Kapushaliang Group is the key part of the development of the favorable traps,delta sandbodies onlap pinchout in the slope area of the paleo-uplift can be used as good reservoirs,with the overlying mudstone caprock forming agood reservoir-cap combination.The unconformity triangle zone formed by denudation at the top of Bashijiqike Formation also has good stratigraphic trap conditions.The braided river delta sand bodies denuded can be used as high-quality reservoir,the overlying Paleogene gypsum-mudstone deposits can be used as high-quality caprocks.The results have guiding significance for the next step of oil and gas exploration in the study area.
The unconformity triangle zone in the slope area of paleo-uplift is an important favorable zone for formation of stratigraphic traps.Taking the Cretaceous in the West North-Tarim Uplift as an example,comprehensive use of seismic,logging and core data,undertaking unconformity tracking,calculating unconformity denudation,identifying sedimentary systems and predicting favorable zones.The results show that two angular unconformities(TK,TE)and one parallel unconformity(TK1 bs)developed in the Cretaceous in West North-Tarim Uplif,Kapushaliang Group developed at the bottom and Bashijiqike Formation developed at the top of the Cretaceous.The Kapushaliang Group mainly develops delta and shore-shallow lake deposits;the Bashijiqike Formation mainly develops braided river delta deposits.The onlap unconformity triangle belt developed at the bottom of Kapushaliang Group is the key part of the development of the favorable traps,delta sandbodies onlap pinchout in the slope area of the paleo-uplift can be used as good reservoirs,with the overlying mudstone caprock forming agood reservoir-cap combination.The unconformity triangle zone formed by denudation at the top of Bashijiqike Formation also has good stratigraphic trap conditions.The braided river delta sand bodies denuded can be used as high-quality reservoir,the overlying Paleogene gypsum-mudstone deposits can be used as high-quality caprocks.The results have guiding significance for the next step of oil and gas exploration in the study area.
引文
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[2]林畅松,杨海军,刘景彦,等.塔里木早古生代原盆地古隆起地貌和古地理格局与地层圈闭发育分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):189-197.LIN Changsong,YANG Haijun,LIU Jingyan,et al.Paleohigh geomorphology and paleogeographic framework and their controls on the formation and distribution of stratigraphic traps in the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(2):189-197.
[3]刘景彦,林畅松,彭丽,等.构造不整合的分布样式及其对地层圈闭的制约:以塔里木盆地中泥盆世末为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(2):268-275.LIU Jingyan,LIN Changsong,PENG Li,et al.Distribution patterns of the end of the Middle Devonian tectonic unconformity and their constrain on the development and distribution of favorable stratigraphic traps in the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(2):268-275.
[4]苏磊.TN凹陷不整合结构及其油气地质意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(4):33-39.SU Lei.Unconformity structures and their significances in petroleum geology for TN Sag[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(4):33-39.
[5]张宸嘉,樊太亮,高志前,等.塔里木盆地寒武系中统-上统不整合面识别特征及地质意义:以肖尔布拉克剖面为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2018,42(5):92-103.ZHANG Chenjia,FAN Tailiang,GAO Zhiqian,et al.Geological significance and identification features of the Middle-Upper Cambrian boundary in the Tarim Basin:a case study from the Xiaoerbulake Outcrop[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2018,42(5):92-103.
[6]淡伟宁,吴剑锋,冯松.阿尔凹陷下白垩统不整合与油气成藏[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):30-33.DAN Weining,WU Jianfeng,FENG Song.Lower Cretaceous unconformity and hydrocarbon accumulation in Artala Sag[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(5):30-33.
[7]徐国强,刘树根,李国蓉,等.塔中、塔北古隆起形成演化及油气地质条件对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):114-119.XU Guoqiang,LIU Shugen,LI Guorong,et al.Comparison of tectonic evolutions and petroleum geological conditions in Tazhong and Tabei Palaeohighs in Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(1):114-119.
[8]邬光辉,李启明,肖中尧,等.塔里木盆地古隆起演化特征及油气勘探[J].大地构造与成矿学,2009,33(1):124-130.WU Guanghui,LI Qiming,XIAO Zhongyao,et al.The evolution characteristics of palaeo-uplifts in Tarim Basin and its exploration directions for oil and gas[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2009,33(1):124-130.
[9]于靖波,张健,李培海.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起与塔北隆起构造-热演化的对比分析[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2012,29(4):485-492.YU Jingbo,ZHANG Jian,LI Peihai.Comparison of tectono-thermal evolution between Bachu Uplift and Tabei Uplift in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012,29(4):485-492.
[10]谢大庆,郑孟林,蒋华山,等.塔里木盆地沙雅隆起形成演化与油气分布规律[J].大地构造与成矿学,2013,37(3):398-409.XIE Daqing,ZHENG Menglin,JIANG Huashan,et al.Formation and evolution of the Shaya Uplift and constraints on oil and gas distribution in the Tarim Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2013,37(3):398-409.
[11]余海波,漆家福,师骏,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷西秋古隆起的形成及其演化[J].地质科学,2015,50(2):524-535.YU Haibo,QI Jiafu,SHI Jun,et al.Paleo-uplift formation and evolution in the Xiqiu Structural belt of the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2015,50(2):524-535.
[12]贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:11-15.JIA Chengzao.Tectonic characteristics and petroleum,Tarim Basin,China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997:11-15.
[13]李曰俊,杨海军,张光亚,等.重新划分塔里木盆地塔北隆起的次级构造单元[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2466-2478.LI Yuejun,YANG Haijun,ZHANG Guangya,et al.Redivision of the tectonic units of Tabei Rise in Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(8):2466-2478.
[14]贾庆素,周庆凡.塔北地区含油气系统[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):103-106.JIA Qingsu,ZHOU Qingfan.Petroleum systems in North Tarim[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(1):103-106.
[15]卢双舫,赵孟军,付广,等.塔里木盆地库车油气系统富气的主控因素分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(3):10-13.LU Shuangfang,ZHAO Mengjun,FU Guang,et al.Key factor analysis of enriching in natural gas in Kuche petroleum system,Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2001,25(3):10-13.
[16]孟庆洋,庞雄奇,高剑波,等.塔里木盆地台盆区寒武系大油气田有利勘探区预测[J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(3):5-8.MENG Qingyang,PANG Xiongqi,GAO Jianbo.Prediction of favorable exploration area of giant oil and gas fields in Cambrian of platform-basin transitional area of Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2008,32(3):5-8.
[17]周小军,林畅松,丁文龙,等.地层结构外延法在塔中隆起古生界多期剥蚀量估算中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,23(2):6-11.ZHOU Xiaojun,LIN Changsong,DING Wenlong,et al.Application of stratum structure extrapolation method in the multi-stage denudation thickness estimation of the Paleozoic in Tazhong Uplift[J].Journal of Xi'an Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition),2008,23(2):6-11.
[18]LIN Changsong,YANG Haijun,LIU Jingyan,et al.Distribution and erosion of the Paleozoic tectonic unconformities in the Tarim Basin,Northwest China:significance for the evolution of paleo-uplifts and tectonic geography during deformation[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2012,46(6):1-19.
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