排污权跨区域交易对绿色经济的影响研究
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摘要
明确具体环境规制政策工具对经济的影响,是正确选择环境政策工具、提高环境规制效率的重要前提。基于部分排污权交易试点2010年进行跨区域交易这一自然实验,运用倾向得分匹配法与双重差分法相结合的方法(PSM-DID),以省级排污权交易试点2003—2015年的面板数据为基础,分析了排污权跨区域交易政策对绿色经济的影响。实证结果表明:在消除可能因素所造成的影响和时间效应后,试点地区排污权跨区域交易政策对绿色经济的发展起促进作用;教育程度、技术水平、大气污染治理投资、排污费、环境效率等经济因素也能促进绿色经济发展,财政水平、工业化程度、外商投资水平对绿色经济发展具有负向效应。
The clear policy effect of specific environmental regulation policy tools is an important prerequisite for the correct selection of environmental policy tools and improvement of environmental regulation efficiency. Based on the partial emissions trading pilot trial conducted in 2010, this cross-regional transaction experiment was conducted by using the combination of propensity score matching method and double difference method(PSM-DID), and the panel data of provincial emission rights trading pilots from 2003 to 2015 was used to analyze the impact of trans-regional emission trading policies on green economy. The empirical results show that after eliminating the impact and time effect of possible factors, the transregional trading policy of emission rights in the pilot areas has a favorable role in promoting the development of green economy; Under this condition, education level, technical level, investment in atmospheric pollution control, and sewage disposal economic factors such as fees and environmental efficiency can also promote the development of green economy. Fiscal levels, industrialization levels and foreign investment levels have a negative effect on the development of green economy.
The clear policy effect of specific environmental regulation policy tools is an important prerequisite for the correct selection of environmental policy tools and improvement of environmental regulation efficiency. Based on the partial emissions trading pilot trial conducted in 2010, this cross-regional transaction experiment was conducted by using the combination of propensity score matching method and double difference method(PSM-DID), and the panel data of provincial emission rights trading pilots from 2003 to 2015 was used to analyze the impact of trans-regional emission trading policies on green economy. The empirical results show that after eliminating the impact and time effect of possible factors, the transregional trading policy of emission rights in the pilot areas has a favorable role in promoting the development of green economy; Under this condition, education level, technical level, investment in atmospheric pollution control, and sewage disposal economic factors such as fees and environmental efficiency can also promote the development of green economy. Fiscal levels, industrialization levels and foreign investment levels have a negative effect on the development of green economy.
引文
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[27]景维民,张璐.环境管制、对外开放与中国工业的绿色技术进步[J].经济研究,2014(9):34-47.
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[2]Dasgupta S,Laplante B,Mamingi N,et al.Pollution prices,and environmental performance:Evidence from China[J].Ecological Economics,2001,36(3):487-498.
[3]徐志伟.工业经济发展、环境规制强度与污染减排效果--基于“先污染,后治理”发展模式的理论分析与实证检验[J].财经研究,2016(3):134-144.
[4]Antweiler W,Copeland B,Taylor S.Is free trade good for the environment?[J].American Economic Review,2001,91(4):877-908.
[5]李晓英.FDI、环境规制与产业结构优化--基于空间计量模型的实证[J].当代经济科学,2018(2):104-113,128.
[6]Dasgupta S,Laplante B,Wang H,et al.Confronting the environmental Kuznets curve[J].Journal of Economic Perspectives,2002,16(1):147-168.
[7]查建平.环境规制与工业经济增长模式--基于经济增长分解视角的实证研究[J].产业经济研究,2015(3):92-101.
[8]Porter M E.America’s green strategy[J].Scientific American,1991,31(4):168-189.
[9]Berman E,Bui L T M.Environmental regulation and productivity:Evidence from oil refineries[R].Massachusetts:National Bureau of Economic Research,1998.
[10]Ambec S,Cohen M A,Elgie S,et al.The Porter hypothesis at 20:Can environmental regulation enhance innovation and competitiveness[J].Review of Environmental Economics and Policy,2013,7(1):2-22.
[11]Testa F,Iraldo F,Frey M.The effect of environmental regulation on firms’competitive performance:The case of the building and construction sector in some EU regions[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(9):2136-2144.
[12]Marx A.Ecological modernization,environmental policy and employment.Can environmental protection and employment be reconciled?[J].Innovation:The European Journal of Social Science Research,2010,13(3):311-325.
[13]Wang H,Wheeler D.Endogenous enforcement and effectiveness of China’s pollution levy system[R].Washington,DC:The Word Bank Development Research Group Infrastructure and Environment,2000.
[14]Wang H,Wheeler D.Financial incentives and endogenous enforcement in China’s Pollution levy system[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2005,49(1):174-196.
[15]Baumol W J,Oates W E.The theory of environmental policy[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2012.
[16]Shibli A,Markandya A.Industrial pollution control policies in Asia:How successful are the strategies?[J].Asian Journal of Environmental Management,1995,3(2):15-26.
[17]李永友,沈坤荣.我国污染控制政策的减排效果--基于省际工业污染数据的实证分析[J].管理世界,2008(7):7-17.
[18]刘承智,杨籽昂,潘爱玲.排污权交易提升经济绩效了吗?--基于2003-2012年中国省际环境全要素生产率的比较[J].财经问题研究,2016(6):47-52.
[19]Heckman J J,Ichimura H,Todd P E.Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator:Evidence from evaluating a job training program[J].The Review of Economic Studies,1997,64(4):605-654.
[20]Heckman J J,Ichimura H,Todd P.Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator[J].Review of Economic Studies,1997,65(2):261-294.
[21]Rosenbaum P R,Rubin D B.The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects[J].Biometrika,1983,70(1):41-55.
[22]王金南,董战峰,秦颖,等.中国的排污交易实践:探索与创新[C]//第十一届中国技术管理(MOT 2014)年会论文集.北京:清华大学技术创新研究中心,2014.
[23]修瑞雪,吴钢,曾晓安,等.绿色GDP核算指标的研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2007(7):1107-1113.
[24]郭丽英,雷敏,刘晓琼.基于能值分析法的绿色GDP核算研究--以陕西省商洛市为例[J].自然资源学报,2015(9):1523-1533.
[25]彭涛,吴文良.绿色GDP核算--低碳发展背景下的再研究与再讨论[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010(12):81-86.
[26]金雨泽,黄贤金.基于资源环境价值视角的江苏省绿色GDP核算实证研究[J].地域研究与开发,2014(4):131-135.
[27]景维民,张璐.环境管制、对外开放与中国工业的绿色技术进步[J].经济研究,2014(9):34-47.
[28]李永友,文云飞.中国排污权交易政策有效性研究--基于自然实验的实证分析[J].经济学家,2016(5):19-28.