碱熔预处理对废旧稀土荧光粉中稀土提取的影响
|
摘要
针对废旧稀土荧光粉特性,采用高温碱熔与酸浸相结合的方法处理废旧稀土荧光粉,考察碱熔温度、氢氧化钠用量、碱熔时间对稀土浸出率和铝回收率的影响,并对碱熔过程中的物相及形貌变化进行分析.结果表明,在碱熔温度为1 050℃、氢氧化钠与废粉质量比为2.5∶1、碱熔时间为2 h条件下,其稀土浸出率可达98%以上,铝回收率可达98%.通过对碱熔产物物相和形貌分析表明,废粉晶体结构被有效破坏,其中稀土以稀土氧化物形式存在,碱熔产物变成无定型云絮状.
The method of combining high-temperature alkaline fusion and acid leaching was used to pre-treat waste rare earth fluorescent powder according to its characters to investigate the effect of alkaline fusion temperature, sodium hydroxide dosage and alkaline fusion time on rare earth extraction rate and aluminum deprivation rate, and to analyze the phase structure and surface morphology during the process of alkaline fusion. The results show that alkaline fusion can be achieved at temperature of 1 050 ℃ for 2 h when the mass of the ratio of sodium hydroxide to waste rare earth fluorescent is 2.5 ∶1 with the leaching rate of the total rare earth more than 98 %, and aluminum deprivation rate being 98 %. The phase and morphology analysis of the alkaline fusion indicates that the structure of waste crystal structure is destroyed effectively, rare earth is in form of rare earth oxide, and alkaline fusion product becomes amorphous cotton-like.
The method of combining high-temperature alkaline fusion and acid leaching was used to pre-treat waste rare earth fluorescent powder according to its characters to investigate the effect of alkaline fusion temperature, sodium hydroxide dosage and alkaline fusion time on rare earth extraction rate and aluminum deprivation rate, and to analyze the phase structure and surface morphology during the process of alkaline fusion. The results show that alkaline fusion can be achieved at temperature of 1 050 ℃ for 2 h when the mass of the ratio of sodium hydroxide to waste rare earth fluorescent is 2.5 ∶1 with the leaching rate of the total rare earth more than 98 %, and aluminum deprivation rate being 98 %. The phase and morphology analysis of the alkaline fusion indicates that the structure of waste crystal structure is destroyed effectively, rare earth is in form of rare earth oxide, and alkaline fusion product becomes amorphous cotton-like.
引文
[1]吴文远,边雪.稀土冶金技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[2]张璞,李毅.稀土产业现状与资源整合重组对策[J].稀土,2013(1):94-97.
[3]程建忠,车丽萍.中国稀土资源开采现状及发展趋势[J].稀土,2010(2):65-69,85.
[4]罗非.我国稀土供需预测研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.
[5]任旭东.我国稀土矿产资源开采利用现状及发展策略浅析[J].轻金属,2012(9):8-11.
[6]李中华,张卫平,刘甲祥.稀土材料在现代军事技术上的应用及发展趋势[J].湖南冶金,2006(4):43-48.
[7]闫包成,安忠梅,郝戊.我国稀土产业可持续发展的战略思考[J].开发研究,2011(2):43-46.
[8]谢瑾岚.合理有效开发利用稀土资源的战略对策[J].中国国情国力,2011(3):7-9.
[9]中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室.中国的稀土状况与政策[N].2012-06-21.
[10]肖勇.稀土产业发展不对称现象探析[J].有色金属科学与工程,2012,3(5):89-95.
[11]章启军,吴玉锋,程会强,等.稀土荧光粉回收利用技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].环境污染与防治,2013(8):79-83.
[12]李洪枚.从废稀土荧光粉中酸浸回收稀土的研究[J].稀有金属,2010(6):898-904.
[13]杨幼明,邓声华,谢芳浩,等.从荧光粉废料中提取稀土工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2012(10):23-26.
[14]RABAH M A.Recyclables recovery of europium and yttrium metals and some salts from spent fluorescent lamps[J].Waste Management,2008,28(2):318-325.
[15]YANG F,KUBOTA F,BABA Y,et al.Selective extraction and recovery of rare earth metals from phosphor powders in waste fluorescent lamps using an ionic liquid system[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013(254/255):79-88.
[16]OTAUKI A,MEI G J,JIANG Y,etc.Solid-solid separation of fluorescent powders by liquid-liquid extraction using aqueous and organic phases[J].Resources Procsessing,2006,53(3):121-133.
[17]S HIMIZU R,SATADA K,ENOKIDA Y,et al.Supercritical fluid extraction of rare earth elements from luminescent material in waste fluorescent lamps[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2005,33(3):235-241.
[18]苑文仪,孟雯,王晓岩,等.机械活化强化废弃荧光粉中稀土金属的回收[J].上海第二工业大学学报,2015(1):1-6.
[19]吴玉锋,贾平平,王维,等.从废弃CRT荧光粉中熔浸稀土元素的研究[J].中国稀土学报,2013(6):723-728.
[20]李瑞卿,吴玉锋,章启军,等.高温碱熔法提取稀土三基色荧光粉废料中稀土[J].冶金分析,2012,32(增刊1):795-799.
[21]唐永波,朱宪忠,王海波,等.Ba Mg Al10O17∶Eu蓝色荧光粉的研究进展[J].材料导报,2006(增刊1):335-338.
[2]张璞,李毅.稀土产业现状与资源整合重组对策[J].稀土,2013(1):94-97.
[3]程建忠,车丽萍.中国稀土资源开采现状及发展趋势[J].稀土,2010(2):65-69,85.
[4]罗非.我国稀土供需预测研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.
[5]任旭东.我国稀土矿产资源开采利用现状及发展策略浅析[J].轻金属,2012(9):8-11.
[6]李中华,张卫平,刘甲祥.稀土材料在现代军事技术上的应用及发展趋势[J].湖南冶金,2006(4):43-48.
[7]闫包成,安忠梅,郝戊.我国稀土产业可持续发展的战略思考[J].开发研究,2011(2):43-46.
[8]谢瑾岚.合理有效开发利用稀土资源的战略对策[J].中国国情国力,2011(3):7-9.
[9]中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室.中国的稀土状况与政策[N].2012-06-21.
[10]肖勇.稀土产业发展不对称现象探析[J].有色金属科学与工程,2012,3(5):89-95.
[11]章启军,吴玉锋,程会强,等.稀土荧光粉回收利用技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].环境污染与防治,2013(8):79-83.
[12]李洪枚.从废稀土荧光粉中酸浸回收稀土的研究[J].稀有金属,2010(6):898-904.
[13]杨幼明,邓声华,谢芳浩,等.从荧光粉废料中提取稀土工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2012(10):23-26.
[14]RABAH M A.Recyclables recovery of europium and yttrium metals and some salts from spent fluorescent lamps[J].Waste Management,2008,28(2):318-325.
[15]YANG F,KUBOTA F,BABA Y,et al.Selective extraction and recovery of rare earth metals from phosphor powders in waste fluorescent lamps using an ionic liquid system[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013(254/255):79-88.
[16]OTAUKI A,MEI G J,JIANG Y,etc.Solid-solid separation of fluorescent powders by liquid-liquid extraction using aqueous and organic phases[J].Resources Procsessing,2006,53(3):121-133.
[17]S HIMIZU R,SATADA K,ENOKIDA Y,et al.Supercritical fluid extraction of rare earth elements from luminescent material in waste fluorescent lamps[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2005,33(3):235-241.
[18]苑文仪,孟雯,王晓岩,等.机械活化强化废弃荧光粉中稀土金属的回收[J].上海第二工业大学学报,2015(1):1-6.
[19]吴玉锋,贾平平,王维,等.从废弃CRT荧光粉中熔浸稀土元素的研究[J].中国稀土学报,2013(6):723-728.
[20]李瑞卿,吴玉锋,章启军,等.高温碱熔法提取稀土三基色荧光粉废料中稀土[J].冶金分析,2012,32(增刊1):795-799.
[21]唐永波,朱宪忠,王海波,等.Ba Mg Al10O17∶Eu蓝色荧光粉的研究进展[J].材料导报,2006(增刊1):335-338.