BAF中不同高度海绵铁填料表面物种多样性分析
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摘要
主要通过目的片段的聚合酶链式反应(polymeraes chain reaction,PCR)扩增、Illumina高通量测序以及生物信息分析对曝气生物滤池(BAF)反应器中不同高度的海绵铁填料表面微生物丰度和多样性进行分析和研究。结果表明:Ctrl(原水样)以及反应器中优势种群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为主,拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)次之;等级丰度分布(Rank-Abundance)曲线中Ctrl物种数量为1 193,DO1(BAF上部水样)为2 389,DO2(BAF中部水样)为2 211,DO3(BAF下部水样)为1 890,DO1的丰度和生物多样性最高,随着DO浓度的降低(或填料空间位置的下降),微生物群落丰度和多样性均逐渐下降;Chao1指数比观察到的物种(observed species)指数对物种的丰度更加敏感,测得的OTUs(operational taxonomic units)数均高出400;DO1和DO2的物种均匀度较高,DO3和Ctrl的优势菌群所占比例很高,均匀度较低。通过PCo A(principal co-ordinates analysis)可以观察到DO1和DO2的物种组成最为相似。
The microbial abundance and diversity of sponge iron filler in different height of BAF reactor were analyzed and studied by polymeraes chain reaction( PCR) amplification of the target fragment, Illumina highthroughput sequencing and biological information analysis. The results show that the dominant species in the raw Ctrl( raw water) and the reactor were mainly Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes. In Rank-Abundance distribution curve, the number of Ctrl species is 1 193, while that of DO1( BAF upper), DO2( BAF middle) and DO3( BAF lower) is 2 389, 2 211 and 1 890, respectively, and DO1 has the highest abundance and species diversity. In the reactor, with the decrease of DO( or the decrease of filler spatial position), the richness anddiversity of microbial community decreased gradually. It is found that the Chao1 index is more sensitive to the species richness than the observed species index, and the measured number of operational taxonomic units( OTUs)is about 400 higher. DO1 and DO2 samples had higher homogeneity, and the proportion of dominant bacteria in DO3 and Ctrl samples was high and the homogeneity was low. The species composition of DO1 and DO2 was observed to be most similar by PCoA.
The microbial abundance and diversity of sponge iron filler in different height of BAF reactor were analyzed and studied by polymeraes chain reaction( PCR) amplification of the target fragment, Illumina highthroughput sequencing and biological information analysis. The results show that the dominant species in the raw Ctrl( raw water) and the reactor were mainly Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes. In Rank-Abundance distribution curve, the number of Ctrl species is 1 193, while that of DO1( BAF upper), DO2( BAF middle) and DO3( BAF lower) is 2 389, 2 211 and 1 890, respectively, and DO1 has the highest abundance and species diversity. In the reactor, with the decrease of DO( or the decrease of filler spatial position), the richness anddiversity of microbial community decreased gradually. It is found that the Chao1 index is more sensitive to the species richness than the observed species index, and the measured number of operational taxonomic units( OTUs)is about 400 higher. DO1 and DO2 samples had higher homogeneity, and the proportion of dominant bacteria in DO3 and Ctrl samples was high and the homogeneity was low. The species composition of DO1 and DO2 was observed to be most similar by PCoA.
引文
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[20]李华芝,李秀艳,赵雅萍,等.ERIC-PCR图谱分析生物栅填料生物膜微生物群落结构[J].环境科学,2006,27(12):2542-2546.LI H Z,LI X Y,ZHAO Y P,et al.Analysis of structure changes of microbial community in medium biofilm by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2006,27(12):2542-2546.
[21]MARANON A,ULMANU E,FERNANDEZ Y,et al.Removal of ammonium from aqueous solutions with volcanic tuff[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,137:1402-1409.
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[23]JIANG X T,PENG X,DENG G H,et al.Illumina sequencing of16S rRNA TAG revealed spatial variations of bacterial communities in a mangrove wetland[J].Microbial Ecology,2013,66(1):96-104.
[2]黎兵,刘永军,刘珊珊.活细胞固定化技术在焦化废水处理中的应用研究[J].水处理技术,2012,38(5):109-111.LI B,LIU Y J,LIU S S.Study on applications of live-cell immobilization technology in coked wastewater treatment[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2012,38(5):109-111.
[3]LEE Y C,WOO S G,CHOI E S,et al.Bench-scale ex situ diesel removal process using a biobarrier and surfactant flushing[J].Journal of Industrial&Engineering Chemistry,2012,18(3):882-887.
[4]SHIN M C,YANG J S,PARK G Y,et al.Influence of mixedsurfactant on reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene by zerovalent iron[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2011,28(4):1047-1053.
[5]LI J,WEI L,LI Y,et al.Cadmium removal from wastewater by sponge iron sphere prepared by hydrogen reduction[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2011,23(11):114-118.
[6]张桂芝,廖强,王永忠.微生物固定化载体材料研究进展[J].材料导报,2011,25(9):105-109.ZHANG G Z,LIAO Q,WANG Y Z.Research progress in immobilized microorganisms carrier material[J].Materials Review,2011,25(9):105-109.
[7]刘琰,李剑超,赵英花,等.海绵铁转化地下水中硝酸盐的试验研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(11):20-24.LIU Y,LI J C,ZHAO Y H,et al.Research on the conversion of nitrate in groundwater with sponge iron[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2012,34(11):20-24.
[8]李杰,李文,魏志勇,等.海绵铁-微生物协同互促除磷研究[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(23):124-127.LI J,LI W H,WEI Z Y,et al.Mechanism of cooperative phosphorus removal by sponge iron and microorganisms[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(23):124-127.
[9]顾莹莹,高孟春,贾永刚,等.海绵铁还原水中硝酸盐的初步研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(7):82-88.GU Y Y,GAO M C,JIA Y G,et al.Prelminary study on reduction of nitrate in water with sponge iron[J].China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(7):82-88.
[10]王明,李剑超,毛勇,等.海绵铁感应热固定床对染料废水脱色研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):337-344.WANG M,LI J C,MAO Y,et al.Decolorization of dye wastewater with spongy:iron induction-heating fixed bed reactor(IHFB)[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(2):337-344.
[11]XU J,LO S L,CHEN H M,et al.Pollutant removal by gravel contact oxidation treatment system in Taipei[J].Journal of Residuals Science&Technology,2015,12(2):93-97.
[12]朱娟平,王健,张太平,等.湿地植物-沉积物微生物燃料电池阳极微生物群落多样性研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(11):4017-4024.ZHU J P,WANG J,ZHANG T P,et al.Phylogenetic diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities in anode biofilm of sediment microbial fuel cells[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016,36(11):4017-4024.
[13]STAHRINGER S S,CLEMENTE J C,CORLEY R P,et al.Nurture trumps nature in a longitudinal survey of salivary bacterial communities in twins from early adolescence to early adulthood[J].Genome Research,2012,22(11):2146-2152.
[14]FU L.Analysis of bacterial diversity of gravel contact oxidation reactor by 16Sr DNA sequencing[J].Science&Technology Review,2010,28(3):51-54.
[15]ONG S A,HO L N,WONG Y S.Comparison on biodegradation of anionic dye orangeⅡand cationic dye methylene blue by immobilized microorganisms on spent granular activated carbon[J].Desalination&Water Treatment,2015,54(2):557-561.
[16]张泽生,王春龙,刘清岱,等.扩增子测序技术分析红茶菌中优势微生物的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(16):185-188.ZHANG Z S,WANG C L,LIU Q D,et al.Study on analysis of the dominant microorganisms in kombucha by the technology of amplicon sequencing[J].Food Research and Developent,2016,37(16):185-188.
[17]袁兴程,李丹.生物绳填料净化河流的效果及微生物群落分析[J].环境工程,2016,34(11):48-53.YUAN X C,LI D.Purification performance of the bio-cord carrier for river wate and microbial community analysis[J].Environmental Engineering,2016,34(11):48-53.
[18]熊家晴,李珊珊,葛媛,等.处理高污染河水垂直流人工湿地微生物群落特性[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(3):1959-1965.XIONG J Q,LI S S,GE Y,et al.Characterization of microbial communities in vertical flow constructed wetland for highly polluted river water treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(3):1959-1965.
[19]申颖洁,廖日红,战楠,等.生物强化组合工艺处理河水的三维荧光及生物多样性分析[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(1):125-131.SHEN Y J,LIAO R H,ZHAN N,et al.Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectra and microbial diversity analysis of river water in biological enhanced integrated process[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(1):125-131.
[20]李华芝,李秀艳,赵雅萍,等.ERIC-PCR图谱分析生物栅填料生物膜微生物群落结构[J].环境科学,2006,27(12):2542-2546.LI H Z,LI X Y,ZHAO Y P,et al.Analysis of structure changes of microbial community in medium biofilm by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2006,27(12):2542-2546.
[21]MARANON A,ULMANU E,FERNANDEZ Y,et al.Removal of ammonium from aqueous solutions with volcanic tuff[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,137:1402-1409.
[22]LOZUPONE C,KNIGHT R.Uni Frac:a new phylogenetic method for comparing microbial communities[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2005,71(12):8228-8235.
[23]JIANG X T,PENG X,DENG G H,et al.Illumina sequencing of16S rRNA TAG revealed spatial variations of bacterial communities in a mangrove wetland[J].Microbial Ecology,2013,66(1):96-104.