基于固定化载体材料海绵铁净化微污染河水特性研究
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摘要
为城市内河受污水体原位净化提供科学、有效的技术支持,本文采用电镜SEM、XRD和EDS表征方法,分析了新型填料海绵铁的结构特征和主要成分,并通过单因素试验探讨了海绵铁对总磷的吸附去除效果,最后利用自行设计的以海绵铁为填料的曝气生物滤池(BAF)进行效果试验。结果表明:(1)海绵铁的物相以Fe为主,同时存在Fe_2O_3、Fe_3O_4、Fe_2CO_3和Fe_3C(其中Fe、C、O含量分别为58.79%、21.85%、19.36%),说明了海绵铁具有较强的还原性,为高效脱氮提供了还原电子;(2)温度对海绵铁的吸附去除效果几乎没有影响,P浓度越高吸附量越大,当P浓度为10mg/L时,海绵铁投加量的多少不影响去除率,P浓度大于10mg/L时,随着海绵铁投加量的增加去除率逐渐上升,pH越低越有利于海绵铁对P的吸附;(3)BAF反应器内,模拟自然净化状态不进行曝气时,出水水质严重恶化,进行反冲洗后重新进行曝气,去除率上升COD、NH_4~+-N、TN和TP平均去除率分别升高11%、71%、31%和4%,但经过长期的连续运行反应器去除效果稍有降低,如较生物挂膜阶段同样6h期间COD、TN和TP分别降低5%、4%和18%;(4)海绵铁填料特殊的表面上形成了独特的生物群落,生物多样性高,反应器内环境DO越高,物种群落结构越丰富,多样性越高,同时说明海绵铁对污染物的去除是吸附和微生物的共同作用。
For the city river in situ purification of sewage to provide scientific and effective technical support,the SEM,XRD and EDS characterization methods were used,the structural characteristics and main components of new filler sponge iron were analyzed,and the effect of sponge iron on total phosphorus adsorption was studied by single factor experiment. Finally,the self-designed BAF(aeration biofilter)with sponge iron as filler was experimented. The results is shown below.(1) The sponge iron phase is mainly Fe,at the same time there are Fe_2O_3,Fe_3O_4,Fe_2CO_3 and Fe_3C(among them,Fe,C and O content were 58.79% ,21.85% ,19.36% ). This explained the sponge iron has a strong reductive,providing reductive electrons for efficient denitrification.(2)The temperature of the sponge iron adsorption removal effect has little effect,P concentration higher the greater the amount of adsorption,when the P concentration of 10 mg/L,the sponge iron dosage does not affect the removal rate,when the concentration of P was more than 10 mg/L,the removal rate increased with the increase of sponge iron dosage,the lower the pH,the more favorable the sponge iron adsorption P.(3)In the BAF reactor, simulation of natural purification state, without aeration, water quality serious deterioration,after the reverse rinse,the aeration was resumed,the removal rate increased(COD,NH_4~+-N,TN and TP were increased by 11% ,71% ,31% and 4% ),but after a long period of continuous operation,the reactor removal effect was slightly reduced,COD and TN were reduced by 5% ,4% and 18% ,respectively,during the same 6 h period.(4) Sponge iron filler on the surface of the formation of a unique biological community,high biological diversity,and the higher the DO in the reactor,the richer the species community structure,the higher the diversity,while the sponge iron on the removal of pollutants is adsorbed and microbial common influence.
For the city river in situ purification of sewage to provide scientific and effective technical support,the SEM,XRD and EDS characterization methods were used,the structural characteristics and main components of new filler sponge iron were analyzed,and the effect of sponge iron on total phosphorus adsorption was studied by single factor experiment. Finally,the self-designed BAF(aeration biofilter)with sponge iron as filler was experimented. The results is shown below.(1) The sponge iron phase is mainly Fe,at the same time there are Fe_2O_3,Fe_3O_4,Fe_2CO_3 and Fe_3C(among them,Fe,C and O content were 58.79% ,21.85% ,19.36% ). This explained the sponge iron has a strong reductive,providing reductive electrons for efficient denitrification.(2)The temperature of the sponge iron adsorption removal effect has little effect,P concentration higher the greater the amount of adsorption,when the P concentration of 10 mg/L,the sponge iron dosage does not affect the removal rate,when the concentration of P was more than 10 mg/L,the removal rate increased with the increase of sponge iron dosage,the lower the pH,the more favorable the sponge iron adsorption P.(3)In the BAF reactor, simulation of natural purification state, without aeration, water quality serious deterioration,after the reverse rinse,the aeration was resumed,the removal rate increased(COD,NH_4~+-N,TN and TP were increased by 11% ,71% ,31% and 4% ),but after a long period of continuous operation,the reactor removal effect was slightly reduced,COD and TN were reduced by 5% ,4% and 18% ,respectively,during the same 6 h period.(4) Sponge iron filler on the surface of the formation of a unique biological community,high biological diversity,and the higher the DO in the reactor,the richer the species community structure,the higher the diversity,while the sponge iron on the removal of pollutants is adsorbed and microbial common influence.
引文
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[4]GUO Q,YAN J,WEN J,et al.Rhamnolipid-enhanced aerobic biodegradation of triclosan(TCS)by indigenous microorganisms in water-sediment systems[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,571:1304-1311.
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[6]ONG S A,HO L N,WONG Y S.Comparison on biodegradation of anionic dye OrangeⅡand cationic dye methylene blue by immobilized microorganisms on spent granular activated carbon[J].Desalination&Water Treatment,2015,54(2):557-561.
[7]GORANTIWAR V S,SHRIVASTAVA R L.Validating quality productivity improvement framework for sponge iron industry in India[J].Production&Manufacturing Research,2015,3(1):103-123.
[8]李杰,王亚娥,王志盈,等.海绵铁生物填料对生化处理效果的影响[J].水处理技术,2006,32(12):64-66.LI Jie,WANG Yae,WANG Zhiying,et al.Effect of biological packing with sponge iron on biochemical treatment results[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2006,32(12):64-66.
[9]李杰,李文譞,魏志勇,等.海绵铁-微生物协同互促除磷研究[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(23):124-127.LI Jie,LI Wenxuan,WEI Zhiyong,et al.Mechanism of cooperative phosphorus removal by sponge iron and microorganisms[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(23):124-127.
[10]王明,李剑超,毛勇,等.海绵铁感应热固定床对染料废水脱色研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):337-344.WANG Ming,LI Jianchao,MAO Yong,et al.Decolorization of dye wastewater with spongy-iron induction-heating fixed bed reactor(IHFB)[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(2):337-344.
[11]范军辉,郝瑞霞,李萌,等.基于反硝化脱氮的硫铁复合填料除磷机制[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4275-4281.FAN Junhui,HAO Ruixia,LI Meng,et al.Phosphorus removal mechanism of sulfur/sponge iron composite fillers based on denitrification[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016,37(11):4275-4281.
[12]JU Y,YU Y,WANG X,et al.Environmental application of millimetre-scale sponge iron(s-Fe0)particles(Ⅲ):The effect of surface Silver[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2015,299:618-630.
[13]LI J,WEI L,LI Y,et al.Cadmium removal from wastewater by sponge iron sphere prepared by hydrogen reduction[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2011,23(11):S114–S118.
[14]熊文杰,邝先飞,康念铅.X射线在晶体衍射分析中的应用[J].江西化工,2008(3):137-140.XIONG Wenjie,KUANG Xianfei,KANG Nianqian.The applications of X-ray diffraction analysis in the crystal structure[J].Jiangxi Chemical Industry,2008(3):137-140.
[15]徐玉林,徐明波,杨水金.XRD在无机合成中物相分析的应用[J].湖北师范学院学报(自然科学版),2013,33(4):40-46.XU Yulin,XU Mingbo,YANG Shuijin.Application of X-ray powder diffraction in phase analysis of inorganic synthesis[J].Journal of Hubei Normal University(Natural Science),2013,33(4):40-46.
[16]RINGLE C M,SARSTEDT M,STRAUB D W.Editor's comments:a critical look at the use of PLS-SEM in MIS Quarterly[J].MIS Quarterly,2012,36(1):Ⅲ-ⅩⅣ
[17]唐朝生,施斌,王宝军.基于SEM土体微观结构研究中的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(4):560-565.TANG Chaosheng,SHI Bin,WANG Baojun.Factors affecting analysis of soil microstructure using SEM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(4):560-565.
[18]HAIR J F,SARSTEDT M.PLS-SEM:indeed a silver bullet[J].Journal of Marketing Theory&Practice,2011,19(2):139-152.
[19]卢少勇,万正芬,李锋民,等.29种湿地填料对氨氮的吸附解吸性能比较[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(8):1187-1194.LU Shaoyong,WAN Zhengfen,LI Fengmin,et al.Ammonia nitrogen adsorption and desorption characteristics of twenty-nine kinds of constructed wetland substrates[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(8):1187-1194.
[20]翟青霞,黄海蛟,刘东,等.解析SEM-EDS分析原理及应用[J].检验与测试,2012(5):66-70.ZHAI Qingxia,HUANG Haijiao,LIU Dong,et al.Analysis the theory and application of SEM and EDS analytical method[J].Inspection and Testing,2012(5):66-70.
[21]MEZZI A,RICCUCCI C,CARO T,et al.Combined use of SA‐XPS,XRD and SEM?+?EDS for the micro‐chemical characterisation of Ag‐based archaeological artefacts[J].Surface&Interface Analysis,2015,46(10/11):801-806.
[22]SAKURAI K,MIZUSAWA M.X-ray diffraction imaging of anatase and rutile[J].Analytical Chemistry,2010,82(9):3519-3522.
[23]李华,孙伟,刘加平.XRD-Rietveld法用于水泥基材料物相的定量分析[J].混凝土,2013(1):1-5.LI Hua,SUN Wei,LIU Jiaping.Quantitative analysis of phases for cement-based materials by XRD-Rietveld method[J].Concrete,2013(1):1-5.
[24]魏成,刘平,秦晶.不同基质和不同植物对人工湿地净化效率的影响[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3691-3697.WEI Cheng,LIU Ping,QIN Jing.Effects of substrates and plants on purification efficiency of constructed wetland[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(8):3691-3697.
[25]刘霄,黄岁樑,刘学功.3种人工湿地基质对磷的吸附特性[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(10):3367-3372.LIU Xiao,HUANG Suiliang,LIU Xuegong.Characteristics of phosphorous adsorption on three substrates used in constructed wetland[J].Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control,2012,6(10):3367-3372.
[26]万琼,吴仪,王信,等.海绵铁和陶粒填料生物膜净化微污染河水实验研究[J].水处理技术,2017(11):34-40.WAN Qiong,WU Yi,WANG Xin,et al.Experimental research of micro-polluted river water purification by sponge iron/ceramsite filler biofilm[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2017(11):34-40.
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