航空电子系统电磁环境复杂度量化评估方法
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摘要
针对战场电磁环境复杂度量化评估的问题,提出一种机载航空电子系统面临电磁环境复杂度的量化评估方法。通过对构成航空电子系统的各分系统、设备工作效能的评估,实现对航空电子系统面临电磁环境复杂度的量化评估。将分系统、设备的电磁敏感度测试数据作为评估对象;将模糊数学中的多层模糊综合评判理论作为评估流程;用DempsterShafer证据理论法对电磁敏感度测试中位于安全裕度曲线和敏感度曲线之间的干扰量值进行处理;将国家军用标准GJB72A—2002《电磁干扰和电磁兼容性术语》中分系统及设备的关键性类别的规定作为权重确定的依据。在考虑无法判定工作状态区域上的数据处理中,与传统的电磁环境复杂度评估方法相比效果改善了15.7%,为解决战场电磁环境复杂性评估问题提供了一种新思路。
For the difficulty of quantitativeassessment of a battlefield electromagnetic environment,a method to evaluate the complexity of electromagnetic environments in avionic systems is proposed in this paper. Through the evaluation of the operating efficiency of each subsystem and devicewhich constitute the avionic system,the complexity of the electromagnetic environment in theavionic system is determined. The sensitivity test data of the subsystems and equipment are regarded as the evaluation object; thecomprehensivemultilevel fuzzy evaluation method is used inthe evaluation process; the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is applied to deal with the assessment data,which avoids the impact of"uncertainty"factors on the results of the assessment,and makes the results more accurate and credible. The determination of weight isbasedon the "terminology for electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility"of GJB 72A—2002. In dealing with uncertain data,the result is improved by 15. 7% as compared with previous methods. This method provides a new way to evaluate the complexity of abattlefield electromagnetic environment.
For the difficulty of quantitativeassessment of a battlefield electromagnetic environment,a method to evaluate the complexity of electromagnetic environments in avionic systems is proposed in this paper. Through the evaluation of the operating efficiency of each subsystem and devicewhich constitute the avionic system,the complexity of the electromagnetic environment in theavionic system is determined. The sensitivity test data of the subsystems and equipment are regarded as the evaluation object; thecomprehensivemultilevel fuzzy evaluation method is used inthe evaluation process; the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is applied to deal with the assessment data,which avoids the impact of"uncertainty"factors on the results of the assessment,and makes the results more accurate and credible. The determination of weight isbasedon the "terminology for electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility"of GJB 72A—2002. In dealing with uncertain data,the result is improved by 15. 7% as compared with previous methods. This method provides a new way to evaluate the complexity of abattlefield electromagnetic environment.
引文
[1]Liu S H.Effect of electromagnetic environment to weaponry and its trend of development[J].Journal of the Academy of Equipment Command&Technology,2005,16(1):1-6.(in Chinese)刘尚合.武器装备的电磁环境效应及其发展趋势[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2005,16(1):1-6.
[2]Liu S H,Sun G Z.Analysis of the concept and effects of complex electromagnetic environment[J].Journal of the Academy of Equipment Command&Technology,2008,19(1):1-5.(in Chinese)刘尚合,孙国至.复杂电磁环境内涵及效应分析[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2008,19(1):1-5.
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[6]Yin C Y.Study of classification and grading method of battlefield electromagnetic environment[J].Modern Military Communications,2008,16(2):33-37.(in Chinese)尹成友.战场电磁环境分类与分级方法研究[J].现代军事通信,2008,16(2):33-37.
[7]Li Y M,Liu H Y,Shi D M.On study of electromagnetic environment affect experimental system[J].Weapon Test,2009,15(1):1-5.(in Chinese)李益民,刘洪颐,史德民.关于开展电磁环境效应实验体系研究的思考[J].兵器试验,2009,15(1):1-5.
[8]Liu L M,Huang W L,Sun L L.The method of constructing the naval battle complex electromagnetic environment[J].Shipboard Electronic Countermeasure,2010,33(4):15-17.(in Chinese)刘丽明,黄文亮,孙璐璐.海战场复杂电磁环境构建方法[J].舰船电子对抗,2010,33(4):15-17.
[9]Lin R Y,Yin N W,Fan H J.Study of the method of ship weapon equipment effectiveness evaluation based on index method[J].Shipboard Engineering,1997,12(1):197-204.(in Chinese)凌如镛,殷娜为,范汉江.舰船武器装备效能评估方法的研究-指数法[J].船舶工程,1997,12(1):197-204.
[10]Li Y,Li X H.Complexity measure method of battlefield electromagnetic environment based on the combat effectiveness criterion[J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University,2007,7(3):53-55.(in Chinese)李勇,李修和.基于作战效能准则的战场电磁环境复杂程度度量方法[J].空军大学学报,2007,7(3):53-55.
[11]Wang X H,Liu M G.The basic idea and method of weapon equipment effectiveness evaluate[J].Communication Navigation and Command Automation,2006(4):1-4.(in Chinese)王新辉,刘茂刚.武器装备效能评估的基本思想与方法[J].通信导航与指挥自动化,2006(4):1-4.
[12]Dai H P,Su D L.Study of the complexity evaluation on electromagnetism environment[J].Journal of Microwaves,2009,25(3):25-27.(in Chinese)代合鹏,苏东林.电磁环境复杂度定量分析方法研究[J].微波学报,2009,25(3):25-27.
[13]He X,Xu B,Wang G M.Levels of complexity of electromagnetic environment based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Shipboard Electronic Engineering,2009,29(3):157-159.(in Chinese)何祥,许斌,王国民.基于模糊数学的电磁环境复杂程度评估[J].舰船电子工程,2009,29(3):157-159.
[14]Xiao H Q,Li J H,Huang G M.Jamming effect assessment based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Ship Electronic Countermeasure,2009,32(1):40-42.(in Chinese)肖海泉,李敬辉,黄高明.基于模糊数学的干扰效果评估[J].舰船电子对抗,2009,32(1):40-42.
[15]Wang L W,Sun W,Pan G F.One rapid assess method of electromagnetic environment complexity[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2010,32(12):2942-2947.(in Chinese)王伦文,孙伟,潘高峰.一种电磁环境复杂度快速评估方法[J].电子与信息学报,2010,32(12):2942-2947.
[16]Chen X Y,Zhang D Z,Wang W,et al.The most complex principle of battlefield electromagnetic environment predicted[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2010,25(6):1157-1168.(in Chinese)陈行勇,张殿宗,王玮,等.战场电磁信号环境最复杂原理预测[J].电波科学学报,2010,25(6):1157-1168.
[17]Tetley W H.Analytical prediction of electromagnetic environments[J].IRE Transactions on Communications Systems,1961,9(2):175-185.
[18]Trigubovich W B.On some characteristics of electromagnetic environment[C]//Proceedings ofⅦth International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory,1998,1:447-449.
[19]Giri D V,Tesche F M.Classification of intentional electromagnetic environments(IEME)[J].IEEE Tran-stations on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2004,46(3):322-328.
[20]MIL-STD-461F requirements for the control of electromagnetic Interference characteristics of subsystems and equipment[S].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,2007.
[21]MIL-STD-464C electromagnetic environmental effects requirements for systems[S].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,2010.
[22]ADS-37A-PRF electromagnetic environmental effects(E3)performance and verification requirements[S].USA:St.Louis,Missiouri,United States Army Aviation and Troop Command,1996.
[23]DO-160F environmental conditions and test procedures for airborne equipment[R].USA:Washington D C,Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics,2007.
[24]AECTP-500 electromagnetic environmental effects test and verification[S].Belgium:Brussels,North Atlantic Treaty Organization Nato Standardisation Agency(NSA),2006.
[25]MIL-STD-1541 electromagnetic compatibility requirements for space systems[R].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,1987.
[26]MIL-HDBK-237D electromagnetic environmental effects and spectrum supportability guidance for the acquisition process[S].USA:Annapolis,Defense Information System Agency Joint Spectrum Center,2005.
[27]MIL-HDBK-274 electrical grounding for aircraft safety[S].USA:New Jersey,Naval Air Engineering Center,1983.
[28]MIL-HDBK-454 general guidelines for electronic equipment[S].USA:Washington D C,Defense Electronics Supply Center,1995.
[29]Chen S L,Li J G,Wang X G.Fuzzy set theory and its applications[M].Beijing:Academic Press,2005:261-273.(in Chinese)陈水利,李敬功,王向公.模糊集理论及其应用[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005:261-273.
[30]Zhang J.Study of the effectiveness evaluated method[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2009:141-143.(in Chinese)张杰.效能评估方法研究[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2009:141-143.
[31]The General Armament Department of the Chinese people’s Liberation Army.GJB 72A—2002 Terminology of electromag-netic interference and electromagnetic compatibility[S].Beijing:The general armaments department army published standard delivery,2003.(in Chinese)中国人民解放军总装备部.GJB 72A—2002电磁干扰和电磁兼容性术语[S].北京:总装备部军用标准出版发行部,2003.
[32]The General Armament Department of the Chinese people’s Liberation Army.GJB 1389A—2005 Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for systems[S].Beijing:The general armaments department army published standard delivery,2005.(in Chinese)中国人民解放军总装备部.GJB 1389A—2005系统电磁兼容性要求[S].北京:总装备部军用标准出版发行部,2005.
[33]Huang S G.Discuss of evaluation technology in safety margin of system level electromagnetic compatibility[J].Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility,2001,4:28-31.黄松高.系统级电磁兼容性安全裕度评估技术的探讨[J].安全与电磁兼容,2001,4:28-31.
[34]Jia C X,Tang X B,Kan D P.The testing and evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility safety margin for system[J].Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology,2011,32(S2):126-128.贾翠霞,唐晓斌,阚德鹏.系统电磁兼容性安全裕度测试与评估技术研究[J].河北科技大学学报,2011,32(S2):126-128.
[35]Xu S B.Analytic hierarchy principle[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,1988:133-142.(in Chinese)许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988:133-142.
[2]Liu S H,Sun G Z.Analysis of the concept and effects of complex electromagnetic environment[J].Journal of the Academy of Equipment Command&Technology,2008,19(1):1-5.(in Chinese)刘尚合,孙国至.复杂电磁环境内涵及效应分析[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2008,19(1):1-5.
[3]Ian M.Military avionics systems[M].Wu H P,translated.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2008:18-27.(in Chinese)Ian M.军用航空电子系统[M].吴汉平,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2008:18-27.
[4]Shao G P,Liu Y,He J.Simulation and complexity evaluate of battlefield electromagnetic environment[J].Information Countermeasure,2007,18(5):8-11.(in Chinese)邵国培,刘雅,何俊.战场电磁环境的模拟仿真及复杂性评估[J].信息对抗学术,2007,18(5):8-11.
[5]Yin C Y.Study of classification and complexity of battlefield electromagnetic environment evaluate[J].Information Countermeasure Academic,2007,25(4):4-6.(in Chinese)尹成友.战场电磁环境分类与复杂性评估研究[J].信息对抗学术,2007,25(4):4-6.
[6]Yin C Y.Study of classification and grading method of battlefield electromagnetic environment[J].Modern Military Communications,2008,16(2):33-37.(in Chinese)尹成友.战场电磁环境分类与分级方法研究[J].现代军事通信,2008,16(2):33-37.
[7]Li Y M,Liu H Y,Shi D M.On study of electromagnetic environment affect experimental system[J].Weapon Test,2009,15(1):1-5.(in Chinese)李益民,刘洪颐,史德民.关于开展电磁环境效应实验体系研究的思考[J].兵器试验,2009,15(1):1-5.
[8]Liu L M,Huang W L,Sun L L.The method of constructing the naval battle complex electromagnetic environment[J].Shipboard Electronic Countermeasure,2010,33(4):15-17.(in Chinese)刘丽明,黄文亮,孙璐璐.海战场复杂电磁环境构建方法[J].舰船电子对抗,2010,33(4):15-17.
[9]Lin R Y,Yin N W,Fan H J.Study of the method of ship weapon equipment effectiveness evaluation based on index method[J].Shipboard Engineering,1997,12(1):197-204.(in Chinese)凌如镛,殷娜为,范汉江.舰船武器装备效能评估方法的研究-指数法[J].船舶工程,1997,12(1):197-204.
[10]Li Y,Li X H.Complexity measure method of battlefield electromagnetic environment based on the combat effectiveness criterion[J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University,2007,7(3):53-55.(in Chinese)李勇,李修和.基于作战效能准则的战场电磁环境复杂程度度量方法[J].空军大学学报,2007,7(3):53-55.
[11]Wang X H,Liu M G.The basic idea and method of weapon equipment effectiveness evaluate[J].Communication Navigation and Command Automation,2006(4):1-4.(in Chinese)王新辉,刘茂刚.武器装备效能评估的基本思想与方法[J].通信导航与指挥自动化,2006(4):1-4.
[12]Dai H P,Su D L.Study of the complexity evaluation on electromagnetism environment[J].Journal of Microwaves,2009,25(3):25-27.(in Chinese)代合鹏,苏东林.电磁环境复杂度定量分析方法研究[J].微波学报,2009,25(3):25-27.
[13]He X,Xu B,Wang G M.Levels of complexity of electromagnetic environment based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Shipboard Electronic Engineering,2009,29(3):157-159.(in Chinese)何祥,许斌,王国民.基于模糊数学的电磁环境复杂程度评估[J].舰船电子工程,2009,29(3):157-159.
[14]Xiao H Q,Li J H,Huang G M.Jamming effect assessment based on fuzzy mathematics[J].Ship Electronic Countermeasure,2009,32(1):40-42.(in Chinese)肖海泉,李敬辉,黄高明.基于模糊数学的干扰效果评估[J].舰船电子对抗,2009,32(1):40-42.
[15]Wang L W,Sun W,Pan G F.One rapid assess method of electromagnetic environment complexity[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2010,32(12):2942-2947.(in Chinese)王伦文,孙伟,潘高峰.一种电磁环境复杂度快速评估方法[J].电子与信息学报,2010,32(12):2942-2947.
[16]Chen X Y,Zhang D Z,Wang W,et al.The most complex principle of battlefield electromagnetic environment predicted[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2010,25(6):1157-1168.(in Chinese)陈行勇,张殿宗,王玮,等.战场电磁信号环境最复杂原理预测[J].电波科学学报,2010,25(6):1157-1168.
[17]Tetley W H.Analytical prediction of electromagnetic environments[J].IRE Transactions on Communications Systems,1961,9(2):175-185.
[18]Trigubovich W B.On some characteristics of electromagnetic environment[C]//Proceedings ofⅦth International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory,1998,1:447-449.
[19]Giri D V,Tesche F M.Classification of intentional electromagnetic environments(IEME)[J].IEEE Tran-stations on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2004,46(3):322-328.
[20]MIL-STD-461F requirements for the control of electromagnetic Interference characteristics of subsystems and equipment[S].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,2007.
[21]MIL-STD-464C electromagnetic environmental effects requirements for systems[S].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,2010.
[22]ADS-37A-PRF electromagnetic environmental effects(E3)performance and verification requirements[S].USA:St.Louis,Missiouri,United States Army Aviation and Troop Command,1996.
[23]DO-160F environmental conditions and test procedures for airborne equipment[R].USA:Washington D C,Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics,2007.
[24]AECTP-500 electromagnetic environmental effects test and verification[S].Belgium:Brussels,North Atlantic Treaty Organization Nato Standardisation Agency(NSA),2006.
[25]MIL-STD-1541 electromagnetic compatibility requirements for space systems[R].USA:Ohio,USAF/Aeronautical System Center,1987.
[26]MIL-HDBK-237D electromagnetic environmental effects and spectrum supportability guidance for the acquisition process[S].USA:Annapolis,Defense Information System Agency Joint Spectrum Center,2005.
[27]MIL-HDBK-274 electrical grounding for aircraft safety[S].USA:New Jersey,Naval Air Engineering Center,1983.
[28]MIL-HDBK-454 general guidelines for electronic equipment[S].USA:Washington D C,Defense Electronics Supply Center,1995.
[29]Chen S L,Li J G,Wang X G.Fuzzy set theory and its applications[M].Beijing:Academic Press,2005:261-273.(in Chinese)陈水利,李敬功,王向公.模糊集理论及其应用[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005:261-273.
[30]Zhang J.Study of the effectiveness evaluated method[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2009:141-143.(in Chinese)张杰.效能评估方法研究[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2009:141-143.
[31]The General Armament Department of the Chinese people’s Liberation Army.GJB 72A—2002 Terminology of electromag-netic interference and electromagnetic compatibility[S].Beijing:The general armaments department army published standard delivery,2003.(in Chinese)中国人民解放军总装备部.GJB 72A—2002电磁干扰和电磁兼容性术语[S].北京:总装备部军用标准出版发行部,2003.
[32]The General Armament Department of the Chinese people’s Liberation Army.GJB 1389A—2005 Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for systems[S].Beijing:The general armaments department army published standard delivery,2005.(in Chinese)中国人民解放军总装备部.GJB 1389A—2005系统电磁兼容性要求[S].北京:总装备部军用标准出版发行部,2005.
[33]Huang S G.Discuss of evaluation technology in safety margin of system level electromagnetic compatibility[J].Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility,2001,4:28-31.黄松高.系统级电磁兼容性安全裕度评估技术的探讨[J].安全与电磁兼容,2001,4:28-31.
[34]Jia C X,Tang X B,Kan D P.The testing and evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility safety margin for system[J].Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology,2011,32(S2):126-128.贾翠霞,唐晓斌,阚德鹏.系统电磁兼容性安全裕度测试与评估技术研究[J].河北科技大学学报,2011,32(S2):126-128.
[35]Xu S B.Analytic hierarchy principle[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,1988:133-142.(in Chinese)许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988:133-142.