煤基与石油基航天煤油掺混理化性能
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摘要
研究煤基航天煤油和石油基航天煤油不同比例掺混的理化性质变化规律。将煤基航天煤油按照0～100%的比例与石油基航天煤油掺混得到9个样品,对混合样品分别测定其密度、馏程、运动粘度、结晶点、闪点、实际胶质等核心指标,并研究掺混比例和指标点的关系,在此基础上探讨混合油品对GJB 8087—2013《液体火箭发动机用煤油安全应用准则》的适用性。结果表明,两种煤油可任意掺混,各种理化性能均满足使用要求,掺混后的煤油无激励源时不发生化学变化,且呈互溶状态,可长时间放置。两种煤油中链烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃均属于弱极性物质,根据相似相溶原理,相互溶解性好,以任意比例掺混后,长时间放置也不会存在分层等现象。研究结果可为液氧煤油发动机试车及靶场加注时两种煤油能否掺混提供依据,对降低用户油品替换成本具有参考价值。
The research on variation of physical and chemical properties of coal-based and petroleum-based space kerosene in different proportion was carried out.Nine samples were obtained by blending coal-based space kerosene with petroleum-based space kerosene in a ratio of 0～100%.The density, distillation range, kinematic viscosity, crystallization point, flash point, actual colloid and other core indexes of the mixed samples were measured, and the relationship between the mixing ratio and the index points was studied.On this basis, the applicability of the mixed oil to GJB 8087-2013 "liquid rocket engine with kerosene safety application criterion" was discussed.The results show that the two types of kerosene can be blended arbitrarily, and the indexes meet the requirements completely.The blended kerosene does not undergo chemical changes when there is no excitation source, and it is in a state of mutual solubility and can be placed for a long time.Paraffins, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in the two kinds of kerosene are weakly polar substances.According to the principle of similar phase solubility, they have good mutual solubility.After mixing in any proportion, they will not be stratified even after being placed for a long time.It provides a basis for whether two kinds of kerosene can be mixed in LOX/kerosene rocket engine test and the injection in rocket launch, and is of great significance for reducing the replacement cost of kerosene for users.
The research on variation of physical and chemical properties of coal-based and petroleum-based space kerosene in different proportion was carried out.Nine samples were obtained by blending coal-based space kerosene with petroleum-based space kerosene in a ratio of 0～100%.The density, distillation range, kinematic viscosity, crystallization point, flash point, actual colloid and other core indexes of the mixed samples were measured, and the relationship between the mixing ratio and the index points was studied.On this basis, the applicability of the mixed oil to GJB 8087-2013 "liquid rocket engine with kerosene safety application criterion" was discussed.The results show that the two types of kerosene can be blended arbitrarily, and the indexes meet the requirements completely.The blended kerosene does not undergo chemical changes when there is no excitation source, and it is in a state of mutual solubility and can be placed for a long time.Paraffins, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in the two kinds of kerosene are weakly polar substances.According to the principle of similar phase solubility, they have good mutual solubility.After mixing in any proportion, they will not be stratified even after being placed for a long time.It provides a basis for whether two kinds of kerosene can be mixed in LOX/kerosene rocket engine test and the injection in rocket launch, and is of great significance for reducing the replacement cost of kerosene for users.
引文
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[2] 罗玉宏,游岳,蒋榕培,等.添加减阻剂的火箭煤油流阻与传热特性研究[J].火箭推进,2018,44(5):66-70.LUO Yuhong,YOU Yue,JIANG Rongpei,et al.Study on flow resistance and heat transfer characteristics of rocket kerosene adding drag reducer[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2018,44(5):66-70.
[3] 杜宗罡,朱成财,吴金,等.火箭煤油降阻技术研究[J].火箭推进,2017,43(6):32-37.DU Zonggang ,ZHU Chengcai,WU Jin,et al.Investigation on drag-reduction technology of rocket kerosene[J].Journal of Rocket Propulsion,2017,43(6):32-37.
[4] 李东,王珏,李平岐,等.我国新一代大型运载火箭长征-5首飞大捷[J].国际太空,2016(11):2-7.
[5] 李文龙,李平,邹宇.烃类推进剂航天动力技术进展与展望未来[J].宇航学报,2015,36(3):243-252.
[6] 马瀚英.航天煤油[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2003.
[7] 盛涛,彭清涛,夏本立,等.气相色谱-质谱法分析火箭煤油的组成[J].含能材料,2011,19(3):343-348.
[8] 田葆萍,张光友,彭清涛,等.正相高效液相色谱法检测火箭煤油中的芳烃[J].现代仪器,2012,18(5):72-74.
[9] 张光友,彭清涛,李珍,等.气相色谱-场电离-高分辨飞行时间质谱联用法测定火箭煤油的烃类组成[J].理化检验(化学分册),2014,50(2):210-213.
[10] 任春波,沈兆欣,马晨菲,等.全二维气相色谱用于航天煤油组成的研究[J].宇航计测技术,2018,38(4):90-94.
[11] 中国人民解放军总装备部司令部.液体火箭发动机用煤油安全应用准则:GJB 8087-2013[S].北京:中国人民解放军总装备部,2013.
[12] 许世海,熊云,刘晓.液体燃料的性质及应用[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2010.
[13] 林世雄.石油炼制工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990.