塔中气田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶储层预测研究
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摘要
塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶储层具有埋藏深、地震资料分辨率及信噪比不高、非均质性强等特点。为此,利用古地貌、古水流和古断裂等地质主控因素方法与多地震属性信息融合技术相结合的解决思路,对研究区奥陶系鹰山组碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞型储层进行了分析和预测,刻画了不同类型岩溶储层的分布规律。该方法既降低地震信息的多解性、提高了储层预测的精度,又符合地质规律,研究成果为研究区的勘探生产奠定了坚实的基础。
Ordovician carbonate karst reservoirs in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin are characterized mainly by deep burial, lower seismic data resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and strong heterogeneity. To solve these problems, the authors employed the train of thought which combined the main geological controlling factors such as ancient landform, ancient water and ancient faults with seismic multi-attributes information fusion technology to analyze and predict the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the study area and describe the distribution of different types of karst reservoirs. With this method, the ambiguity is reduced and the precision of reservoir prediction is improved. The results provide a solid foundation for the exploration and production of the study area.
Ordovician carbonate karst reservoirs in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin are characterized mainly by deep burial, lower seismic data resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and strong heterogeneity. To solve these problems, the authors employed the train of thought which combined the main geological controlling factors such as ancient landform, ancient water and ancient faults with seismic multi-attributes information fusion technology to analyze and predict the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the study area and describe the distribution of different types of karst reservoirs. With this method, the ambiguity is reduced and the precision of reservoir prediction is improved. The results provide a solid foundation for the exploration and production of the study area.
引文
[1]翟光明,王建君.对塔中地区石油地质条件的认识[J].石油学报,1999,20(4):1-6.Zhai Guangming,Wang Jianjun.Analysis of petroleum geology in Tazhong region[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(4):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract).
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[3]赵宗举,李宇平,吴兴宁,等.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系特大型岩性油气藏成藏条件及勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2004,9(5):12-20.Zhao Zongjun,Li Yuping,Wu Xingning,et al.Conditions for migration and accumulation of Ordovician giant lithologic oil and gas reservoirs in Tazhong region and exploration potential[J].Marine Petroleum Geology,2004,9(5):12-20(in Chinese with English abstract).
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[6]夏义平,柴桂林,汪昌贵.塔里木盆地轮南地区下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层的控制因素分析[J].现代地质,2000,14(2):185-190.Xia Yiping,Chai Guilin,Wang Changgui.An analysis of controlling factors to Lower Ordovician carbonatite reservoir in Lunnan area,the Tarim Basin[J].Geoscience,2000,14(2):185-190(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]李让彬,樊太亮,高志前,等.塔里木盆地卡塔克隆起卡1三维区块奥陶系鹰山组储层特征与影响因素[J].中国地质,2011,38(4):1016-1024.Li Rangbin,Fan Tailiang,Gao Zhiqian,et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of reservoirs in the Ordovician Yinshan Formation of the ka1 three dimensional seismic area within Katake uplift,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(4):1016-1024(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平,等.新疆塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.Xiao Yuru,Wang Dunze,Shen Shanping,et al.The characteristics of Paleocave carbonate reservoir and its control factors in Ordovician of the Tahe oil field in the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang[J].Geoscience,2003,17(1):92-98(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]陈广坡,徐国盛,赵志刚,等.二连盆地赛汉塔拉凹陷三维区古生界潜山储层特征及其影响因素[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):64-69.Chen Guangpo,Xu Guosheng,Zhao Zhigang,et al.Feature of Paleozoic buried-hill reservoir in 3D zone of Saihantala sag of Erlian basin and affected factors[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(2):64-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]陈广坡,陶云光,张耀堂,等.轮古西地区奥陶系潜山古水系分布与岩溶特征[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):36-38.Chen Guangpo,Tao Yunguang,Zhang Yaotang,et al.Ancient water distribution and Karst characteristics of Ordovician buried hill in western Lungu area[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2004,26(4):36-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]桑琴,未勇,程超,等.蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶缝洞系统与地层水化学性质的关系[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):228-235.Sang Qin,Wei Yong,Cheng Chao,et al.The relationship between the paleokarst fracture-cavity system and the chemical behavior ofthe formation water of Maokou Formation in Shunan area[J].Geology in China,2012,39(1):228-235(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]龚福华,刘小平.塔里木盆地轮古西断裂对奥陶系古岩溶的控制作用[J].中国岩溶,2003,22(4):313-317.Gong Fuhua,Liu Xiaoping.Controlling effects of faults over palaeokarst in west Lungu region,Tarim Basin[J].Carsologica Sinica,2003,22(4):313-317(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]邬兴威,苑刚,陈光新,等.塔河地区断裂对奥陶系古岩溶的控制作用[J].断块油气田.2005,12(3):7-9.Wu Xingwei,Yuan Gang,Chen Guangxin,et al.Controlling effects of fault over Ordovician palaeokarst in Tahe region[J].Fault-block Oil&Gas Field,2005,12(3):7-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]任建业,胡德胜,阳怀忠,等.塔中隆起带断裂系统及其对碳酸盐岩台地的控制[J].中国地质,2011,38(4):935-944.Ren Jianye,Hu Desheng,Yang Huaizhong,et al.Fault system and its control of carbonate platform in Tazhong uplift area,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(4):935-944(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]郭建华.塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系潜山古岩溶及其所控制的储层非均质性[J].沉积学报,1993,11(4):56-64.Guo Jianhua.Burial hill palaeokarst and its controlled reservoir heterogeneity in Ordovician,Lunnan region of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1993,11(4):56-64(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]艾合买提江·阿不都热和曼,钟建华,李阳,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝与岩溶作用研究[J].地质论评,2008,54(4):485-493.Ahmatjan Abdurahman,Zhong Jianhua,Li Yang,et al.Study on effect between karstification and fracture in carbonate rocks[J].Geological Review,2008,54(4):485-493(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]倪新辉,刘天放.地震勘探技术预测奥灰岩溶裂隙发育带[J].中国煤田地质,1997,9(4):59-61.Ni Xinhui,Liu Tianfang.Prediction of Ordovician karst fracture development zone using seismic exploration technology[J].Coal Geology of China,1997,9(4):59-61(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]张宏,郑浚茂,杨道庆,等.塔中卡塔克区块古岩溶储层地震预测技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):69-74.Zhang Hong,Zheng Junmao,Yang Daoqing,etal.Prediction of paleokarst reservoir in the southeastern slope of Tazhong area in Tarim Basin using seismic techniques[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):69-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]赵明,甘华军,岳勇,等.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起西端奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及预测[J].中国地质,2009,36(1):93-100.Zhao Ming,Gan Huajun,Yue Yong,et al.Characteristics of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the western plunge of Guchengxu uplift,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2009,36(1):93-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
塔里木油田碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探开发一体化成果、做法及下步工作部署报告,2010:1-80.
[2]邱中建,康竹林,何文渊.从近期发现的油气新领域展望中国油气勘探发展前景[J].石油学报,2002,23(4):1-6.Qiu Zhongjian,Kang Zhulin,He Wenyuan.The recent new discoveries of oil and gas fields in China and their implication[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(4):1-6(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]赵宗举,李宇平,吴兴宁,等.塔里木盆地塔中地区奥陶系特大型岩性油气藏成藏条件及勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2004,9(5):12-20.Zhao Zongjun,Li Yuping,Wu Xingning,et al.Conditions for migration and accumulation of Ordovician giant lithologic oil and gas reservoirs in Tazhong region and exploration potential[J].Marine Petroleum Geology,2004,9(5):12-20(in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]袁道先.中国岩溶学[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Yuan Daoxian.Carst of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994(in Chinese).
[5]许效松,杜佰伟.碳酸盐岩地区古风化壳岩溶储层[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2005,25(3):1-7.Xu Xiaosong,Du Baiwei.The palaeoweathering crust-type karst reservoir rocks in carbonate rocks[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2005,25(3):1-7(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]夏义平,柴桂林,汪昌贵.塔里木盆地轮南地区下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层的控制因素分析[J].现代地质,2000,14(2):185-190.Xia Yiping,Chai Guilin,Wang Changgui.An analysis of controlling factors to Lower Ordovician carbonatite reservoir in Lunnan area,the Tarim Basin[J].Geoscience,2000,14(2):185-190(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]李让彬,樊太亮,高志前,等.塔里木盆地卡塔克隆起卡1三维区块奥陶系鹰山组储层特征与影响因素[J].中国地质,2011,38(4):1016-1024.Li Rangbin,Fan Tailiang,Gao Zhiqian,et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of reservoirs in the Ordovician Yinshan Formation of the ka1 three dimensional seismic area within Katake uplift,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(4):1016-1024(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平,等.新疆塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.Xiao Yuru,Wang Dunze,Shen Shanping,et al.The characteristics of Paleocave carbonate reservoir and its control factors in Ordovician of the Tahe oil field in the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang[J].Geoscience,2003,17(1):92-98(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]陈广坡,徐国盛,赵志刚,等.二连盆地赛汉塔拉凹陷三维区古生界潜山储层特征及其影响因素[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):64-69.Chen Guangpo,Xu Guosheng,Zhao Zhigang,et al.Feature of Paleozoic buried-hill reservoir in 3D zone of Saihantala sag of Erlian basin and affected factors[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(2):64-69(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]陈广坡,陶云光,张耀堂,等.轮古西地区奥陶系潜山古水系分布与岩溶特征[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(4):36-38.Chen Guangpo,Tao Yunguang,Zhang Yaotang,et al.Ancient water distribution and Karst characteristics of Ordovician buried hill in western Lungu area[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2004,26(4):36-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]桑琴,未勇,程超,等.蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶缝洞系统与地层水化学性质的关系[J].中国地质,2012,39(1):228-235.Sang Qin,Wei Yong,Cheng Chao,et al.The relationship between the paleokarst fracture-cavity system and the chemical behavior ofthe formation water of Maokou Formation in Shunan area[J].Geology in China,2012,39(1):228-235(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]龚福华,刘小平.塔里木盆地轮古西断裂对奥陶系古岩溶的控制作用[J].中国岩溶,2003,22(4):313-317.Gong Fuhua,Liu Xiaoping.Controlling effects of faults over palaeokarst in west Lungu region,Tarim Basin[J].Carsologica Sinica,2003,22(4):313-317(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]邬兴威,苑刚,陈光新,等.塔河地区断裂对奥陶系古岩溶的控制作用[J].断块油气田.2005,12(3):7-9.Wu Xingwei,Yuan Gang,Chen Guangxin,et al.Controlling effects of fault over Ordovician palaeokarst in Tahe region[J].Fault-block Oil&Gas Field,2005,12(3):7-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]任建业,胡德胜,阳怀忠,等.塔中隆起带断裂系统及其对碳酸盐岩台地的控制[J].中国地质,2011,38(4):935-944.Ren Jianye,Hu Desheng,Yang Huaizhong,et al.Fault system and its control of carbonate platform in Tazhong uplift area,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(4):935-944(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]郭建华.塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系潜山古岩溶及其所控制的储层非均质性[J].沉积学报,1993,11(4):56-64.Guo Jianhua.Burial hill palaeokarst and its controlled reservoir heterogeneity in Ordovician,Lunnan region of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1993,11(4):56-64(in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]艾合买提江·阿不都热和曼,钟建华,李阳,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝与岩溶作用研究[J].地质论评,2008,54(4):485-493.Ahmatjan Abdurahman,Zhong Jianhua,Li Yang,et al.Study on effect between karstification and fracture in carbonate rocks[J].Geological Review,2008,54(4):485-493(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]倪新辉,刘天放.地震勘探技术预测奥灰岩溶裂隙发育带[J].中国煤田地质,1997,9(4):59-61.Ni Xinhui,Liu Tianfang.Prediction of Ordovician karst fracture development zone using seismic exploration technology[J].Coal Geology of China,1997,9(4):59-61(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]张宏,郑浚茂,杨道庆,等.塔中卡塔克区块古岩溶储层地震预测技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):69-74.Zhang Hong,Zheng Junmao,Yang Daoqing,etal.Prediction of paleokarst reservoir in the southeastern slope of Tazhong area in Tarim Basin using seismic techniques[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):69-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]赵明,甘华军,岳勇,等.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起西端奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及预测[J].中国地质,2009,36(1):93-100.Zhao Ming,Gan Huajun,Yue Yong,et al.Characteristics of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the western plunge of Guchengxu uplift,Tarim basin[J].Geology in China,2009,36(1):93-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
塔里木油田碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探开发一体化成果、做法及下步工作部署报告,2010:1-80.