基于变流器控制策略的微电网故障特性仿真研究
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摘要
微电网中分布式电源(Distributed Generators, DG)变流器的控制策略不同,可能导致不同的故障特征,进而影响保护的配置。为此,对DG变流器的下垂控制策略和虚拟同步机(VirtualSynchronousGenerator,VSG)控制策略的特性进行比较分析。并针对一种简化的微电网等效模型,用Matlab/Simulink分别对各种条件下的故障特性进行仿真研究。对仿真结果进行比较表明,DG采取不同的控制策略时,微电网故障时在短路电流幅值变化、暂态过电压持续时间、故障后系统保持稳定等方面均有不同特点。研究结果可为微电网的保护配置提供相应的参考。
There are various Distributed Generators(DG) converters with different control strategies in a practical microgrid, which may lead to different fault characteristics and protection configuration. Therefore, the characteristics of the droop control strategy and the Virtual Synchronous Generator(VSG) control strategy are compared. On this basis, a simplified equivalent microgrid model is analyzed with Matlab/Simulink simulation under different fault conditions. The results show that different control strategies of DG converters will cause different fault characteristics when short-circuits happen in microgrid. The differences appear in many aspects, that is, the short circuit current amplitude variation, transient overvoltage duration, and the stable level after short-circuit. The study provides corresponding references for relay protection configuration of microgrid.
There are various Distributed Generators(DG) converters with different control strategies in a practical microgrid, which may lead to different fault characteristics and protection configuration. Therefore, the characteristics of the droop control strategy and the Virtual Synchronous Generator(VSG) control strategy are compared. On this basis, a simplified equivalent microgrid model is analyzed with Matlab/Simulink simulation under different fault conditions. The results show that different control strategies of DG converters will cause different fault characteristics when short-circuits happen in microgrid. The differences appear in many aspects, that is, the short circuit current amplitude variation, transient overvoltage duration, and the stable level after short-circuit. The study provides corresponding references for relay protection configuration of microgrid.
引文
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[16]孙孝峰,杨雅麟,赵巍,等.微电网逆变器自适应下垂控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2386-2391.SUN Xiaofeng,YANG Yalin,ZHAO Wei,et al.An adaptive droop control method for inverters in microgrid[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(9):2386-2391.
[17]程启明,高杰,程尹曼,等.一种适用于孤岛运行的逆变器控制方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):203-209.CHENG Qiming,GAO Jie,CHENG Yinman,et al.An inverter control method for islanding operation[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):203-209.
[18]唐昆明,王俊杰,张太勤.基于自适应下垂控制的微电网控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(8):68-74.TANG Kunming,WANG Junjie,ZHANG Taiqin.Research on control strategy for microgrid based on adaptive droop control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(8):68-74.
[19]张红洁,董祖晨,何晓明,等.适用于不同类型滤波器的光伏逆变器控制策略研究[J].智慧电力,2018,46(2):20-27,82.ZHANG Hongjie,DONG Zuchen,HE Xiaoming,et al.Study of control strategy for PV inverter considering impact of filters[J].Smart Power,2018,46(2):20-27,82.
[20]PLET C A,BRUCOLI M,MCDONALD J D F,et al.Fault models of inverter-interfaced distributed generators:experimental verification and application to fault analysis[C]//IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting,July 24-29,2011,Detroit,America:1-8.
[2]GUO Wenming,MU Longhua.Control principles of micro-source inverters used in microgrid[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2016,1(1):56-62.DOI:10.1186/s41601-016-0019-8.
[3]王成山,肖朝霞,王守相.微电网综合控制与分析[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(7):98-103.WANG Chengshan,XIAO Zhaoxia,WANG Shouxiang.Synthetical control and analysis of microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(7):98-103.
[4]李燕青,王子睿.dq0坐标系下微网电压电流双闭环下垂控制方法及其逆变器设计[J].华北电力大学学报,2017,44(1):39-51.LI Yanqing,WANG Zirui.Double closed loop droop control method and design for inverter of voltage and current in micro-grid in dq0 coordinate system[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2017,44(1):39-51.
[5]郜登科,姜建国,张宇华.使用电压-相角下垂控制的微电网控制策略设计[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(5):29-34.GAO Dengke,JIANG Jianguo,ZHANG Yuhua.Design of microgrid control strategy using voltage amplitude and phase angle droop control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(5):29-34.
[6]洪莎莎,武迪,吕宏水,等.基于高阶系统模型的VSC-MTDC下垂控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(22):125-131.HONG Shasha,WU Di,LüHongshui,et al.Droop control strategy research of VSC-MTDC based on high-order system model[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(22):125-131.
[7]丁明,杨向真,苏建微.基于虚拟同步电机思想的微电网逆变电源控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(8):89-94.DING Ming,YANG Xiangzhen,SU Jianwei.Control strategies of inverters based on virtual synchronous generator in a microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(8):89-94.
[8]祝钧,李瑞生,毋炳鑫,等.交直流混合微电网接口变换器虚拟同步发电机控制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(11):28-34.ZHU Jun,LI Ruisheng,WU Bingxin,et al.Virtual synchronous generator operation of interlinking converter between AC and DC microgrids[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(11):28-34.
[9]程启明,张宇,谭冯忍,等.基于Washout滤波器的虚拟同步电机新型控制方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(16):51-57.CHENG Qiming,ZHANG Yu,TAN Fengren,et al.Research on new control method of virtual synchronous generator based on Washout filter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(16):51-57.
[10]韩奕,张东霞.含逆变型分布式电源的微网故障特性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):147-152.HAN Yi,ZHANG Dongxia.Fault analysis of microgrid composed by inverter-based distributed generations[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):147-152.
[11]曾德辉,潘国清,王钢,等.含V/f控制DG的微电网故障分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2604-2611.ZENG Dehui,PAN Guoqing,WANG Gang,et al.Method of fault analysis on microgrid with distributed generation based on V/f control strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2604-2611.
[12]吕婷婷,段玉兵,龚宇雷,等.微电网故障暂态分析及抑制方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(2):101-107.LüTingting,DUAN Yubing,GONG Yulei,et al.Analysis of micro-grid based fault transient and its suppression[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(2):101-107.
[13]尚磊,胡家兵,袁小明,等.电网对称故障下虚拟同步发电机建模与改进控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):403-412.SHANG Lei,HU Jiabing,YUAN Xiaoming,et al.Modeling and improved control of virtual synchronous generators under symmetrical faults of grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):403-412.
[14]SALVATORE D,JON A S,OLAV B F.A virtual synchronous machine implementation for distributed control of power converters in smart grids[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,122(6):180-197.
[15]张玉治,张辉,贺大为,等.具有同步发电机特性的微电网逆变器控制[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(7):261-268.ZHANG Yuzhi,ZHANG Hui,HE Dawei,et al.Control strategy and parameter analysis of distributed inverters based on VSG[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(7):261-268.
[16]孙孝峰,杨雅麟,赵巍,等.微电网逆变器自适应下垂控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2386-2391.SUN Xiaofeng,YANG Yalin,ZHAO Wei,et al.An adaptive droop control method for inverters in microgrid[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(9):2386-2391.
[17]程启明,高杰,程尹曼,等.一种适用于孤岛运行的逆变器控制方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):203-209.CHENG Qiming,GAO Jie,CHENG Yinman,et al.An inverter control method for islanding operation[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):203-209.
[18]唐昆明,王俊杰,张太勤.基于自适应下垂控制的微电网控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(8):68-74.TANG Kunming,WANG Junjie,ZHANG Taiqin.Research on control strategy for microgrid based on adaptive droop control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(8):68-74.
[19]张红洁,董祖晨,何晓明,等.适用于不同类型滤波器的光伏逆变器控制策略研究[J].智慧电力,2018,46(2):20-27,82.ZHANG Hongjie,DONG Zuchen,HE Xiaoming,et al.Study of control strategy for PV inverter considering impact of filters[J].Smart Power,2018,46(2):20-27,82.
[20]PLET C A,BRUCOLI M,MCDONALD J D F,et al.Fault models of inverter-interfaced distributed generators:experimental verification and application to fault analysis[C]//IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting,July 24-29,2011,Detroit,America:1-8.