峦大杉与杉木人工林的生长形质、林分分化和空间利用比较
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摘要
以福建省来舟国有林场31年生人工林为研究对象,通过样地的调查数据,分析了峦大杉和杉木生长性状指标。结果表明:峦大杉的平均树高、胸径、单株材积、林分蓄积等生长性状指标显著高于杉木;树种间分级木比例无显著差异,但峦大杉分化略大;峦大杉胸高形数显著高于杉木,枝下高比例显著低于杉木,但树种间的枝下高无显著差异;应用改进可变指数削度方程可以很好地拟合两个树种的干形曲线与干形形状,峦大杉比杉木有着更小的削度、更优的干形和更好的干材品质;峦大杉的平均冠幅、冠长、冠长率、树冠体积、树冠表面积、生长空间指数和竞争指数等显著大于杉木,但峦大杉的树冠圆满度显著小于杉木,树冠更狭长。
The sample plot survey were used in 31-year-old plantation in Laizhou State-owned Forest Farm,Fujian Province,and the performance of growth of two species were analyzed through sample survey data. The average tree height,DBH,tree volume,and stand volume of C. konishii were significantly higher than those growth traits of C. lanceolata. There was no significant difference in the proportion of graded wood between the tree species,but the differentiation of C. konishii was slightly larger. The breast height form factor of C. konishii was significantly higher than that of C. lanceolata,the ratio of branche height of C. konishii was significantly lower than that of C. lanceolata,but there was no significant difference in the branch height between the tree species. The stem profile and trunk shape of these two tree species were primely fitting by using the modified variable exponent equation. C. konishii had smaller taper,better stem form and better quality of stem wood by comparing the stem shape and the series stem shape index of two tree species. The average crown width,crown length,crown length,crown volume,crown surface area,GSI and GSCI of C. konishii were significantly higher than those of C.lanceolata,but the crown fullness ratio of C. konishii was significantly less than that of C. lanceolate.
The sample plot survey were used in 31-year-old plantation in Laizhou State-owned Forest Farm,Fujian Province,and the performance of growth of two species were analyzed through sample survey data. The average tree height,DBH,tree volume,and stand volume of C. konishii were significantly higher than those growth traits of C. lanceolata. There was no significant difference in the proportion of graded wood between the tree species,but the differentiation of C. konishii was slightly larger. The breast height form factor of C. konishii was significantly higher than that of C. lanceolata,the ratio of branche height of C. konishii was significantly lower than that of C. lanceolata,but there was no significant difference in the branch height between the tree species. The stem profile and trunk shape of these two tree species were primely fitting by using the modified variable exponent equation. C. konishii had smaller taper,better stem form and better quality of stem wood by comparing the stem shape and the series stem shape index of two tree species. The average crown width,crown length,crown length,crown volume,crown surface area,GSI and GSCI of C. konishii were significantly higher than those of C.lanceolata,but the crown fullness ratio of C. konishii was significantly less than that of C. lanceolate.
引文
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[24]康永武,罗宁,欧建德.造林密度对南方红豆杉人工林生长性状的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(5):47-52.
[25]欧建德,吴志庄.林下套种对南方红豆杉树冠形态结构及干形变化的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(5):106-110.
[26]欧建德.不同人工光环境对南方红豆杉幼树观赏性状及树冠表型可塑性研究[J].农学学报,2013,3(1):45-49.
[27]马履一,王希群.生长空间竞争指数及其在油松、侧柏种内竞争中的应用研究[J].生态科学,2006,25(5):385-389.
[28]韩飞,李凤日,梁明.落叶松人工林林分密度对节子和干形的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(6):4-8.
[29]胡春祥,杨胜利,贾炜玮.落叶松人工林树干形状模型和可变参数[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(7):1695-1701.
[30]姜立春,马英莉,李耀翔.大兴安岭不同区域兴安落叶松可变指数削度方程[J].林业科学,2016,52(2):17-25.
[31]郑元,赵忠,周慧,等.刺槐树冠光合作用的空间异质性[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6399-6408.
[32]乌吉斯古楞,王俊峰,郑小贤,等.金沟岭林场过伐林更新幼苗空间结构分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2009,29(4):21-25.
[2]欧建德,吴志庄.南方红豆杉人工林树干干形异常的诊断及处置[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(3):95-99.
[3]欧建德,吴志庄.南方红豆杉修枝后生长与干形动态表现[J].浙江农林大学学报,2017,34(1):104-111.
[4]欧建德,吴志庄.南方红豆杉修枝经营措施优化及评价[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(1):117-122.
[5]欧建德,吴志庄.林下套种对南方红豆杉树冠形态结构及干形变化的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(5):106-110.
[6]欧建德,吴志庄,罗宁.林窗大小对杉木林内南方红豆杉生长与形质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3098-3104.
[7]欧建德,吴志庄.经营措施及地形因子与南方红豆杉杈干关系[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(9):24-28.
[8]欧建德.基于多元统计分析的南方红豆杉幼林修枝技术[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):183-187.
[9]柏广新,孙志虎,高波,等.长白山林区天然次生林胡桃楸的适宜生长空间[J].林业科学,2009,45(12):8-15.
[10]张成程,李凤日,赵颖慧.落叶松人工林空间结构优化的探讨[J].植物研究,2008,28(5):632-636.
[11]贾亚运,何宗明,周丽丽,等.造林密度对杉木幼林生长及空间利用的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(5):1177-1181.
[12]张纪卯,陈文荣,陈能德,等.峦大杉扦插生根及生长[J].浙江林学院学报,2001,18(2):31-35.
[13]刘洪谔,张若蕙,沈锡康,等.7种台湾特产珍贵树种的引种[J].浙江林学院学报,1994,11(3):315-319.
[14]刘洪谔,张若蕙,丰晓阳,等.台湾珍贵针叶树种引种造林试验结果[J].浙江林学院学报,2000,17(1):16-21.
[15]刘洪谔,张若蕙,沈锡康,等.引种台湾珍贵针叶树种苗期生长观测[J].浙江林业科技,1993,11(4):14-16.
[16]郑天汉.峦大杉引种试验[J].林业科技开发,2002,16(S1):21-23.
[17]苏伟毅.峦大杉引种造林试验[J].福建林业科技,2001,28(4):62-65.
[18]方妙辉.峦大杉引种造林试验[J].林业科技开发,2001,15(6):20-21.
[19]张璐颖,康永武,林智勇,等.峦大杉人工林生长规律研究[J].福建林业科技,2013,40(3):8-13.
[20]欧建德.造林密度对峦大杉生长形质及林分分化的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(1):7-11.
[21]欧建德,吴志庄,康永武.福建省峦大杉人工林生长模拟及其数量成熟研究[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(4):18-22.
[22]余光,高楠,张纪卯,等.人工林峦大杉木材的物理力学性质[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(1):106-109.
[23]鲍晓红,张纪卯,陈文荣,等.福建省峦大杉人工林二元材积表的研制[J].福建林业科技,2014,41(4):89-91.
[24]康永武,罗宁,欧建德.造林密度对南方红豆杉人工林生长性状的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(5):47-52.
[25]欧建德,吴志庄.林下套种对南方红豆杉树冠形态结构及干形变化的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(5):106-110.
[26]欧建德.不同人工光环境对南方红豆杉幼树观赏性状及树冠表型可塑性研究[J].农学学报,2013,3(1):45-49.
[27]马履一,王希群.生长空间竞争指数及其在油松、侧柏种内竞争中的应用研究[J].生态科学,2006,25(5):385-389.
[28]韩飞,李凤日,梁明.落叶松人工林林分密度对节子和干形的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(6):4-8.
[29]胡春祥,杨胜利,贾炜玮.落叶松人工林树干形状模型和可变参数[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(7):1695-1701.
[30]姜立春,马英莉,李耀翔.大兴安岭不同区域兴安落叶松可变指数削度方程[J].林业科学,2016,52(2):17-25.
[31]郑元,赵忠,周慧,等.刺槐树冠光合作用的空间异质性[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6399-6408.
[32]乌吉斯古楞,王俊峰,郑小贤,等.金沟岭林场过伐林更新幼苗空间结构分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2009,29(4):21-25.