雷击条件下OPGW内光偏振态信号的形成和传播特性
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摘要
由于雷击光纤复合架空地线(OPGW)时其外绞线上的电流行波传播速度比光纤内光信号的传播速度快,因此这一过程会在OPGW雷击光偏振态信号波头前产生调制形成伪波头,从而给定位带来误差。为此,提出了"伪波头"的概念,并对其形成和传播特征进行了研究;通过理论和仿真计算了雷击OPGW时光偏振态信号的形成过程,并对比研究了实验室模拟雷击OPGW试验和OPGW光传感雷击监测系统现场实测的雷击数据。结果表明:所提出的伪波头现象确实存在,并且会给雷击定位精度造成实质性影响;距离雷击点越远,伪波头影响的时长就越长;雷电流幅值越大,伪波头偏起的幅度就越大。研究结果说明传统的行波法波头标定方法可能并不完全适用,该研究可为基于OPGW雷击点定位方法的实际应用提供参考。
When lightning strikes optical fiber composite grounding wire(OPGW), the propagation speed of lightning current traveling wave on the outer strand is faster than that in the fiber optical. This process will produce a pseudo wave front ahead of the light polarization signal caused by lightning and thus bring a positioning error. Consequently, we proposed the concept of pseudo wave front for the first time, and studied its formation and propagation characteristics.Moreover, we simulated the formation process of lightning current traveling wave,and comparatively researched the wave formation characteristics between simulated lightning experiment and on-site lightning monitoring experiment. The results show that the pseudo head phenomenon presented in this paper does exist, and it will cause substantial impact on the positioning accuracy of lightning stroke. The farther the distance from the lightning point is, the longer the impact length of the pseudo head will be; the larger the amplitude of the lightning current is, the greater the offset amplitude of the pseudo head will be. The traditional calibration methods for traveling wave head may sometimes be inapplicable, and the research can provide a reference for the practical application of lightning location method based on OPGW.
When lightning strikes optical fiber composite grounding wire(OPGW), the propagation speed of lightning current traveling wave on the outer strand is faster than that in the fiber optical. This process will produce a pseudo wave front ahead of the light polarization signal caused by lightning and thus bring a positioning error. Consequently, we proposed the concept of pseudo wave front for the first time, and studied its formation and propagation characteristics.Moreover, we simulated the formation process of lightning current traveling wave,and comparatively researched the wave formation characteristics between simulated lightning experiment and on-site lightning monitoring experiment. The results show that the pseudo head phenomenon presented in this paper does exist, and it will cause substantial impact on the positioning accuracy of lightning stroke. The farther the distance from the lightning point is, the longer the impact length of the pseudo head will be; the larger the amplitude of the lightning current is, the greater the offset amplitude of the pseudo head will be. The traditional calibration methods for traveling wave head may sometimes be inapplicable, and the research can provide a reference for the practical application of lightning location method based on OPGW.
引文
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[8]胡毅,叶廷路,汪峰,等.光纤复合架空地线(OPGW)雷击试验分析[J].高电压技术,2005,31(5):7-9.HU Yi,YE Tinglu,WANG Feng,et al.Lighting test and analysis for optical fiber composite overhead ground wires[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(5):7-9.
[9]LU L,LIANG Y,LI B.Location of lightning stroke on OPGW by use of distributed optical fiber sensor[C]∥International Symposium on Optoelectronic Technology and Application.Beijing,China:Chinese Society for Optical Engineering,2014:2040-2045.
[10]林森.基于法拉第磁光效应的光学电流传感器特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.LIN Sen.Study on the Property of the optical current sensor based on faraday agneto-optical effect[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2010.
[11]李传健,陈炯聪,黄曙,等.基于卡尔曼滤波的行波波头检测算法研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(1):53-58.LI Chuanjian,CHEN Jiongcong,HUANG Shu,et al.Research on the wave head detecting algorithm based on Kalman filtering[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(1):53-58.
[12]张广斌,束洪春,于继来.基于Hough变换直线检测的行波波头标定[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):165-173.ZHANG Guangbin,SHU Hongchun,YU Jilai.Surge identification for travelling wave based on straight lines detection via hough transform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):165-173.
[13]范新桥,朱永利.基于双端行波原理的多端输电线路故障定位新方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(1):261-269.FAN Xinqiao,ZHU Yongli.A Novel fault location scheme for multi-terminal transmission lines based on principle of double-ended traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(1):261-269.
[14]龚庆武,冯瑞发,李伟,等.基于OPGW光偏振态的输电线路雷击点定位方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):612-618.GONG Qingwu,FENG Ruifa,LI Wei,et al.Location method for lighting striking OPGW based on the state of polarition of light[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):612-618.
[15]张鑫.光纤电流互感器中信号检测与处理[D].济南:山东大学,2012.ZHANG Xin.Signal detection and processing in fiber optical current transformer[D].Jinan,China:Shandong University,2012.
[16]钟远聪,周杰,陈书汉.基于法拉第磁光效应的电流方向测量研究[J].光学技术,2016,42(1):78-80.ZHONG Yuancong,ZHOU Jie,CHEN Shuhan.Study on measuring the direction of current based on the faraday magneto-optic effect[J].Optical Technique,2016,42(1):78-80.
[17]魏义涛.全光纤电流互感器的关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.WEI Yitao.Research on key technology of full optical fiber current transducer[D].Harbin,China:Harbin Engineering University,2011.
[2]曹璞璘,束洪春,马仪,等.基于雷电记录与行波数据的雷击故障测距结果优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(7):74-82.CAO Pulin,SHU Hongchun,MA Yi,et al.Optimization of lightning induced fault location based on information fusion of traveling wave data and lightning record[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(7):74-82.
[3]束洪春,田鑫萃,白冰,等.基于多测点的特高压长距离直流输电线路行波故障测距[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2105-2113.SHU Hongchun,TIAN Xincui,BAI Bing,et al.Fault location for traveling wave based on multi measuring points for UHVDC long distance transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(7):2105-2113.
[4]马仪,申元,王磊,等.基于行波理论的输电线路雷击定位方法研究与应用[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1382-1390.MA Yi,SHEN Yuan,WANG Lei,et al.Lightning fault location method and its application for transmission line based on traveling wave method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(5):1382-1390.
[5]束洪春,邬乾晋,张广斌,等.基于神经网络的单端行波故障测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(4):85-92.SHU Hongchun,WU Qianjin,ZHANG Guangbin,et al.Single terminal traveling wave fault location method based on ANN[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(4):85-92.
[6]ZHENG Y H,LING F,SHENG L,et al.Fault detection and classification in EHV transmission line based on wavelet singular entropy[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(4):2156-2163.
[7]刘刚,肖稳安,尹波,等.基于磁光效应对雷电流参数测量系统的研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2016,27(2):151-161.LIU Gang,XIAO Wenan,YIN Bo,et al.Study on measuring system for lightning current parameters based on magneto-optical effect[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016,27(2):151-161.
[8]胡毅,叶廷路,汪峰,等.光纤复合架空地线(OPGW)雷击试验分析[J].高电压技术,2005,31(5):7-9.HU Yi,YE Tinglu,WANG Feng,et al.Lighting test and analysis for optical fiber composite overhead ground wires[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(5):7-9.
[9]LU L,LIANG Y,LI B.Location of lightning stroke on OPGW by use of distributed optical fiber sensor[C]∥International Symposium on Optoelectronic Technology and Application.Beijing,China:Chinese Society for Optical Engineering,2014:2040-2045.
[10]林森.基于法拉第磁光效应的光学电流传感器特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.LIN Sen.Study on the Property of the optical current sensor based on faraday agneto-optical effect[D].Chongqing,China:Chongqing University,2010.
[11]李传健,陈炯聪,黄曙,等.基于卡尔曼滤波的行波波头检测算法研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(1):53-58.LI Chuanjian,CHEN Jiongcong,HUANG Shu,et al.Research on the wave head detecting algorithm based on Kalman filtering[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(1):53-58.
[12]张广斌,束洪春,于继来.基于Hough变换直线检测的行波波头标定[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):165-173.ZHANG Guangbin,SHU Hongchun,YU Jilai.Surge identification for travelling wave based on straight lines detection via hough transform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):165-173.
[13]范新桥,朱永利.基于双端行波原理的多端输电线路故障定位新方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(1):261-269.FAN Xinqiao,ZHU Yongli.A Novel fault location scheme for multi-terminal transmission lines based on principle of double-ended traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(1):261-269.
[14]龚庆武,冯瑞发,李伟,等.基于OPGW光偏振态的输电线路雷击点定位方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):612-618.GONG Qingwu,FENG Ruifa,LI Wei,et al.Location method for lighting striking OPGW based on the state of polarition of light[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):612-618.
[15]张鑫.光纤电流互感器中信号检测与处理[D].济南:山东大学,2012.ZHANG Xin.Signal detection and processing in fiber optical current transformer[D].Jinan,China:Shandong University,2012.
[16]钟远聪,周杰,陈书汉.基于法拉第磁光效应的电流方向测量研究[J].光学技术,2016,42(1):78-80.ZHONG Yuancong,ZHOU Jie,CHEN Shuhan.Study on measuring the direction of current based on the faraday magneto-optic effect[J].Optical Technique,2016,42(1):78-80.
[17]魏义涛.全光纤电流互感器的关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.WEI Yitao.Research on key technology of full optical fiber current transducer[D].Harbin,China:Harbin Engineering University,2011.