伊犁河伊宁市段夏季水环境特征分析
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摘要
【目的】研究伊犁河河段水质特征,为其水环境污染防控提供科学依据。【方法】分别采用单因子评价法、内梅罗指数法、水质质量指数以及主成分分析法4种方法,对伊宁城市河段南北断面的水环境质量进行评价。【结果】该河流段水体综合水质状况良好,主要污染因子为总氮、总磷、化学需氧量,表现为有机污染。该河段不存在重金属污染状况。主成分分析法结果表明,A5断面水质在该河段中水质最差,整体水域表现为河段北面污染高于南面,上游断面水质好于下游断面。【结论】伊犁河伊宁河段夏季水体污染原因与生活污水、农业活动及工业污水有关。
【Objective】In order to comprehensively understand and master the characteristics of water quality in Yili River reach,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of water environment pollution. 【Method】Four methods,single factor evaluation method,Nemerow index evaluation method,water quality index and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the quality of water environment in the north-south section of an inland urban river located in Yining.【Result】The results of single factor evaluation method and Nemerow index evaluation method showed that the comprehensive water quality of the water body in this section was in good condition. The main pollution factors were total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand,expressed as organic pollution. The method of water quality index showed that there was no heavy metal pollution in the river being researched. The principal component analysis showed that the water quality of A5 section was the worst in this basin. The overall water area was characterized by higher overall pollution in the north of the river section than that in the south section and the water quality of upstream section was better than that of the downstream section.【Conclusion】The causes of summer water pollution in Yining reach of Yili River are related to domestic sewage,agricultural activities and industrial sewage.
【Objective】In order to comprehensively understand and master the characteristics of water quality in Yili River reach,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of water environment pollution. 【Method】Four methods,single factor evaluation method,Nemerow index evaluation method,water quality index and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the quality of water environment in the north-south section of an inland urban river located in Yining.【Result】The results of single factor evaluation method and Nemerow index evaluation method showed that the comprehensive water quality of the water body in this section was in good condition. The main pollution factors were total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand,expressed as organic pollution. The method of water quality index showed that there was no heavy metal pollution in the river being researched. The principal component analysis showed that the water quality of A5 section was the worst in this basin. The overall water area was characterized by higher overall pollution in the north of the river section than that in the south section and the water quality of upstream section was better than that of the downstream section.【Conclusion】The causes of summer water pollution in Yining reach of Yili River are related to domestic sewage,agricultural activities and industrial sewage.
引文
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[13]廉铁辉,王钊,王洪翠,等.主成分分析法在海河流域多条河流水质评价分析中的应用[J].海河水利,2017,(2):29-31,37.LIAN Tie-hui,WANG Zhao,WANG Hong-cui,et al.(2017).Application of principal component analysis in water quality evaluation of several rivers in Haihe River basin[J].Haihe Water Resources,(2):29-31,37.(in Chinese)
[14]孙博,黄莹,李永霞,等.基于主成分分析的河流沉积物重金属污染评价[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(10):175-184.SUN Bo,HUANG Ying,LI Yong-xia,et al.(2016).Assessment model of heavy metal pollution for sediments based on principal component analysis[J].Environmental Science&Technology,39(10):175-184.(in Chinese)
[15]王洪涛,张俊华,丁少峰,等.开封城市河流表层沉积物重金属分布、污染来源及风险评估[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(12):4 520-4 530.WANG Hong-tao,ZHANG Jun-hua,DING Shao-feng,et al.(2016).Distribution characteristics,sources identification and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of urban rivers in Kaifeng[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,36(12):4,520-4,530.(in Chinese)
[2]郑利杰,高红杰,宋永会,等.我国典型城市地表水水质综合评价与分析[J].环境工程技术学报,2016,6(3):252-258.ZHENG Li-jie,GAO Hong-jie,SONG Yong-hui,et al.(2016).Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of surface water quality for typical cities of China[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,6(3):252-258.(in Chinese)
[3]杨兵,何丙辉,王德宝.三峡前置库汉丰湖试运行年水文水质变化特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1 366-1 375.YANG Bing,HE Bing-hui,WANG De-bao.(2017).Hanfeng pre-reservoir commissioning time variation feature of the hydrology and water quality in three gorges reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,38(4):1,366-1,375.(in Chinese)
[4]李晓航,张飞,王娟,等.秋季艾比湖流域水质综合分析与评价[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(6):588-593.LI Xiao-hang,ZHANG Fei,WANG Juan,et al.(2017).Analysis and assessment of water quality of Ebinur Lake basin in autumn[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,39(6):588-593.(in Chinese)
[5]Dalal,S.G.,Shirodkar,P.V.,Jagtap,T.G.,Naik,B.G.,&Rao,G.S.(2010).Evaluation of significant sources influencing the variation of water quality of kandla creek,gulf of katchchh,using PCA.Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,163(1-4):49-56.
[6]Harikumar,P.S.,Aravind,A.,&Vasudevan,S.(2017).Assessment of seasonal variation in water quality in River Rwizi using multivariate statistical techniques,mbarara municipality,Uganda.Journal of Water Resource&Protection,9(1):83-97.
[7]伊元荣,海米提·依米提,王涛,等.主成分分析法在城市河流水质评价中的应用[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(4):497-501.YIN Yuan-rong,Haimiti Yimiti,WANG Tao,et al.(2008).Application of principal component analysis in analyzing water quality of urban rivers[J].Arid Zone Research,25(4):497-501.(in Chinese)
[8]周丰,郭怀成,刘永,等.基于多元统计分析和RBFNNs的水质评价方法[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(5):846-853.ZHOU Feng,GUO Huai-cheng,LIU Yong,et al.(2007)A new approach for water quality assessment based on multivariate statistical analysis and Radial Basis Function Neural Networks[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,27(5):846-853.(in Chinese)
[9]杨艳春,彭勃,刘桂丽,等.西北诸河区地表水水质评价[J].人民黄河,2011,33(11):93-96.YANG Yan-chun,PENG Bo,LIU Gui-li,et al.(2011).Quality evaluation of surface water in the northwest region[J].Yellow River,33(11):93-96.(in Chinese)
[10]吴树宏.伊犁河伊宁市段水质污染特征分析[J].干旱环境监测,2001,15(1):19-22.WU Shu-hong.(2001).Characteristic analysis of water quality pollution in Yining city section of Yili River[J].Arid Environmental Monitoring,15(1):19-22.(in Chinese)
[11]邱瑀,卢诚,徐泽,等.湟水河流域水质时空变化特征及其污染源解析[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(8):2 829-2 837.QIU Yu,LU Cheng,XU Ze,et al.(2017).Spatio-temporal variation characteristics and water pollution sources in the Huangshui River basin[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,37(8):2,829-2,837.(in Chinese)
[12]王漫漫,陆昊,李慧明,等.太湖流域典型河流重金属污染和生态风险评估[J].环境化学,2016,35(10):2 025-2 035.WANG Man-man,LU Hao,LI Hui-ming,et al.(2016).Pollution level and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in typical rivers of Taihu basin[J].Environmental Chemistry,35(10):2,025-2,035.(in Chinese)
[13]廉铁辉,王钊,王洪翠,等.主成分分析法在海河流域多条河流水质评价分析中的应用[J].海河水利,2017,(2):29-31,37.LIAN Tie-hui,WANG Zhao,WANG Hong-cui,et al.(2017).Application of principal component analysis in water quality evaluation of several rivers in Haihe River basin[J].Haihe Water Resources,(2):29-31,37.(in Chinese)
[14]孙博,黄莹,李永霞,等.基于主成分分析的河流沉积物重金属污染评价[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(10):175-184.SUN Bo,HUANG Ying,LI Yong-xia,et al.(2016).Assessment model of heavy metal pollution for sediments based on principal component analysis[J].Environmental Science&Technology,39(10):175-184.(in Chinese)
[15]王洪涛,张俊华,丁少峰,等.开封城市河流表层沉积物重金属分布、污染来源及风险评估[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(12):4 520-4 530.WANG Hong-tao,ZHANG Jun-hua,DING Shao-feng,et al.(2016).Distribution characteristics,sources identification and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of urban rivers in Kaifeng[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,36(12):4,520-4,530.(in Chinese)