底栖动物完整性指数(BIBI)在于桥水库水质评价中的应用
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摘要
采用底栖动物完整性指数(BIBI)评价于桥水库健康状况,2014年8月根据于桥水库10个样点(4个参照点,6个受损点)采得的大型底栖动物数据,对20个生物指标进行分布范围、Pearson相关性和判别能力分析,确定构成于桥水库底栖动物完整性的指数为选取总分类单元,水生昆虫分类单元数,甲壳动物和软体动物分类单元数,优势分类单元的个体相对丰度,前三位优势分类单元的个体相对丰度,摇蚊个体相对丰度。用比值法统一量纲,计算各个生物指标的值,并将所得的值相加即得到BIBI指数值。根据BIBI指数值的25%分位数确定健康等级标准,并对小于25%分位数的值进行四等分,即得到于桥水库底栖动物完整性的评价标准。BIBI>4.70为健康,4.35~4.70为亚健康,3.54~4.35为一般,2.58~3.54为较差,<2.58为极差。结果表明,水库总体BIBI值为3.71,赋分值78.9,属于一般水平。结合对水库的综合生物污染指数评价比较发现,当参评水域缺少无干扰的参考点时,应用底栖动物完整性指标来评价该水域水质健康程度时还是存在一定的缺陷,但是对于水库总体健康水平的评估仍然具有一定的可参考性。
In order to assess the water quality of Yuqiao reservoir, Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled and collected from10 sites in August 2014,among them 4 were considered as unimpaired or minimally impaired sites and 6 were impaired sites.Analysis was done for the 20 candidate biological index about its value distribution, Pearson correlation and judgment ability.Meanwhile,the total number of taxa, taxa numbers of aquatic insects and Crustacean+Mollusca,percentage of dominate taxa,the first three taxa and chironomid index were screened out to form a BIBI index system for Yuqiao reservoir. 4-point system and ratioing technique were used separately to obtain uniform dimensions of various parameters and BIBI value was the sum of the values of various component indices in the system. By using the each 20 percentiles of BIBI as a criteria to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health,the results showed that,health criteria when BIBI>4.70,sub-health when 4.35~4.70,average when3.54~4.35,inferior when 2.58~3.54,and poor when BIBI<2.58. The results showed that the total BIBI value of Yuqiao reservoir is 3.71,and the assigned score was 78.9, which belonged to the average level. Furthermore, we found that this method was imperfect to use BIBI as health evaluation standard of the sites without unimpaired or minimally impaired sites as reference sites,but it also had some reference for the general health evaluation of the reservoir by this method.
In order to assess the water quality of Yuqiao reservoir, Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled and collected from10 sites in August 2014,among them 4 were considered as unimpaired or minimally impaired sites and 6 were impaired sites.Analysis was done for the 20 candidate biological index about its value distribution, Pearson correlation and judgment ability.Meanwhile,the total number of taxa, taxa numbers of aquatic insects and Crustacean+Mollusca,percentage of dominate taxa,the first three taxa and chironomid index were screened out to form a BIBI index system for Yuqiao reservoir. 4-point system and ratioing technique were used separately to obtain uniform dimensions of various parameters and BIBI value was the sum of the values of various component indices in the system. By using the each 20 percentiles of BIBI as a criteria to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health,the results showed that,health criteria when BIBI>4.70,sub-health when 4.35~4.70,average when3.54~4.35,inferior when 2.58~3.54,and poor when BIBI<2.58. The results showed that the total BIBI value of Yuqiao reservoir is 3.71,and the assigned score was 78.9, which belonged to the average level. Furthermore, we found that this method was imperfect to use BIBI as health evaluation standard of the sites without unimpaired or minimally impaired sites as reference sites,but it also had some reference for the general health evaluation of the reservoir by this method.
引文
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[18]戴友芝,唐受印,张建波.洞庭湖底栖动物种类分布及水质生物学评价[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):277-282.
[19]谢志才,王骥,梁彦龄.长江流域若干水体寡毛类区系组成及相似性分析[J].水生生物学报,2000,24(5):451-457.
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[21]张莹,吕振波,徐宗法,等.环境污染对小清河口大型底栖动物多样性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):381-387.
[22]蓝宗辉.韩江下游底栖动物的分布及其对水质的评价[J].生态学杂志,1997,16(4):24-28.
[23]MATISOFF G,WANG X S,MCCALL P L.Biological redistribution of lake sediments by lubficid oligochaetes:Branchiura sowerbyi and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri/Tubifex[J].J Great Lakes Res,1999,25:205-219.
[24]纪炳纯,王新华,秦保平,等.引滦入津流域底栖动物研究及水质评价[J].南开大学学报,2002(35):106-112.
[2]王备新,杨莲芳,胡本进,等.应用底栖动物完整性指数BIBI评价溪流健康[J].生态学报,2005,25(6):1481-1490.
[3]KARR J R,CHU E W.Sustaining living rivers[J].Hydrobiologia,2000,422/423:1-14.
[4]MORLEY S A,KARR J R.Assessing and restoring the health of urban steams in the Puget Sound Basin[J].Conserv Biol,2002,16:1498-1509.
[5]霍堂斌,刘曼红,姜作发,等.松花江干流大型底栖动物群落结构与水质生物评价[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(1):247-254.
[6]KARR J R.Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities[J].Fisheries,1981,6(6):21-27.
[7]KARR J R.Defining and assessing ecological integrity:Beyond water quality[J].Environ Toxicol Chem,1993,12:1521-1531.
[8]KERANS B L,KARR J R.A benthic index of biotic integrity(BIBI)for rivers of the Tennessee Valley[J].Ecol Appl,1994,4(4):768-785.
[9]程君敏.于桥水库环境现状与污染防治措施研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005.
[10]马秀娟,沈建忠,孙金辉,等.天津于桥水库大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物学评价[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(9):2356-2364.
[11]陈心陶,陈义,齐钟彦,等.中国动物图谱[M].北京:科学出版社,1959.
[12]FITTER R,MANUEL R.Collins Photo Guide to Lakes,Rivers,Streams and Ponds of Britain and North-West Europe[M].London:Harper Collins,1994.
[13]杨莲芳.中国水生昆虫及其水质监测应用[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1994.
[14]EPLER J H.Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae(Diptera)of North and South Caroline[R].EPA:Human Health and Ecological Criteria Division,2001.
[15]顾晓英,陶磊,施慧雄.象山港大型底栖动物生物多样性现状[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(6):1551-1557.
[16]李强,杨莲芳,吴璟,等.底栖动物完整性指数评价西苕溪溪流健康[J].环境科学,2007,28(9):2141-2147.
[17]张远,徐成斌,马溪平,等.辽河流域河流底栖动物完整性评价指标与标准[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(6):919-927.
[18]戴友芝,唐受印,张建波.洞庭湖底栖动物种类分布及水质生物学评价[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):277-282.
[19]谢志才,王骥,梁彦龄.长江流域若干水体寡毛类区系组成及相似性分析[J].水生生物学报,2000,24(5):451-457.
[20]刘曼红,马成学,左彦东,等.镜泊湖大型底栖动物群落调查[J].水生态学杂志,2009,2(4):1-4.
[21]张莹,吕振波,徐宗法,等.环境污染对小清河口大型底栖动物多样性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):381-387.
[22]蓝宗辉.韩江下游底栖动物的分布及其对水质的评价[J].生态学杂志,1997,16(4):24-28.
[23]MATISOFF G,WANG X S,MCCALL P L.Biological redistribution of lake sediments by lubficid oligochaetes:Branchiura sowerbyi and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri/Tubifex[J].J Great Lakes Res,1999,25:205-219.
[24]纪炳纯,王新华,秦保平,等.引滦入津流域底栖动物研究及水质评价[J].南开大学学报,2002(35):106-112.