摘要
为了探讨大草蛉幼虫对2种豆科作物害虫的控害潜能和猎物适应性,室内研究了大草蛉幼虫对豆大蓟马和豆蚜的捕食功能反应以及两种猎物对大草蛉生长发育的影响。结果表明,大草蛉2、3龄幼虫对豆大蓟马和豆蚜的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ模型。大草蛉2龄幼虫对豆大蓟马2龄若虫和豆蚜成虫以及大草蛉3龄幼虫对豆大蓟马成虫、2龄若虫和豆蚜成虫的理论最大捕食量分别为555.56、416.67头和588.24、1250.00、909.09头。搜寻效应结果表明,大草蛉2和3龄幼虫对豆大蓟马2龄若虫的搜寻效应均大于豆蚜。大草蛉取食豆蚜和豆大蓟马的未成熟期发育历期(1龄至成虫)分别为18.01和19.89 d,存活率分别为96.67%和93.33%,表明豆蚜和豆大蓟马均是适宜大草蛉生长发育的天然猎物。综合分析捕食功能和生长发育各参数,表明大草蛉对豆大蓟马和豆蚜均具有良好的控害潜能。
To clarify the potential pest control capacity and adaptability of Chrysopa pallens larvae to important leguminous insect pests, Megalurothrips usitatus and Aphis craccivora, the predation function response model was evaluated, and performace of C. pallens on the two insect pests were investigated in the laboratory. The results showed that the predation function response of C. pallens 2nd-instar and 3rd-instar larvae on M. usitatus and A. craccivora could be both fitted with HollingⅡ model. The highest maximum daily predatory capacity was 1250.00 for C. pallens 3rd-instar larvae on M. usitatus nymphs, while the lowest maximum daily predatory capacity was 416.67 for C. pallens 2nd-instar larvae on A. craccivora adults. The searching rate of C. pallens larvae decreased with the increase in prey density and was higher on M. usitatus than that on A. craccivora. The developmental period of immature C. pallens(from 1st-instar larvae to adult) on A. craccivora was 18.01 d, shorter than that on M. usitatus(19.89 d). In contrast, the survival rate on A. craccivora was 96.67%, higher than that on M. usitatus(93.33%). The results indicated that these two leguminous insect pests were suitable for development of C. pallens. These results indicate that the C. pallens is a potential natural enemy for M. usitatus and A. craccivora.
引文
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