大棚微生境下两种烟粉虱寄生蜂的竞争作用
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摘要
海氏桨角蚜小蜂和丽蚜小蜂是烟粉虱的重要天敌,为更有效地发挥其控害作用,在大棚条件下评估了这两种寄生蜂在种内及种间竞争时对单雌寄生率及对烟粉虱的控害潜能的影响。结果显示:种间竞争导致丽蚜小蜂的单雌寄生率显著降低,而对海氏桨角蚜小蜂无显著影响,种内竞争对两种寄生蜂的单雌寄生率均无显著影响。与单头蜂对烟粉虱的致死率比较,两头蜂在夹叶笼内对烟粉虱的致死率无显著差异,表明两种蜂的种内和种间竞争作用对寄生蜂的控害潜能有干扰作用。
Eretmocerus hayati and Encarsia formosa are two species of important parasitoids of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. In order to use the parasitoids more effectively, evaluation of the effects of intraspecific competition and interspecific competition on parasitism rate per female and the potential to control B.tabaci was conducted in plastic houses. The results showed that parasitism rate per female of En.formosa was significantly reduced due to interspecific competition, whereas Er.hayati was not affected significantly. Intraspecific competition showed no significant effect on parasitism rate per female in each of the two parasitoids. No significant differences in whitefly mortality were observed among the treatments with one or two female parasitoids in a cage, indicating that competitive interference between the two parasitoids.
Eretmocerus hayati and Encarsia formosa are two species of important parasitoids of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. In order to use the parasitoids more effectively, evaluation of the effects of intraspecific competition and interspecific competition on parasitism rate per female and the potential to control B.tabaci was conducted in plastic houses. The results showed that parasitism rate per female of En.formosa was significantly reduced due to interspecific competition, whereas Er.hayati was not affected significantly. Intraspecific competition showed no significant effect on parasitism rate per female in each of the two parasitoids. No significant differences in whitefly mortality were observed among the treatments with one or two female parasitoids in a cage, indicating that competitive interference between the two parasitoids.
引文
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Wang S, Zhao J, Zhang F, et al. Evaluation of potential management of Bemisia tabaci by two parasitoids mixed population via functional response model [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2014, 36 (2): 188-193. [王甦, 赵静, 张帆, 等. 利用功能反应模型评价两种寄生蜂混合释放对烟粉虱的防控潜能 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2014, 36 (2): 188-193]
Xu HY, Yang NW, Wan FH. Field cage evaluation of interspecific interaction of two aphelinid parasitoids and biocontrol effect on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle East-Asia Minor 1 [J]. Entomological Science, 2015, 18 (2): 237-244.
Xu WH, Zhu GR, Li GL, et al. Influence of temperature on the biology of Encarsia formosa parasitizing the whitefly Bemisia tabaci [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2003, 19 (3): 103-106. [徐维红, 朱国仁, 李桂兰, 等. 温度对丽蚜小蜂寄生烟粉虱生物学特性的影响 [J]. 中国生物防治, 2003, 19 (3): 103-106]
Yin YY, Chen H, Zhai YF,et al. Parasitic and host feeding preference of Encarsia formosa on Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaprorariorum [J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 6: 70-80, 84. [尹园园, 陈浩, 翟一凡, 等. 丽蚜小蜂对烟粉虱和温室白粉虱若虫的寄生与取食选择性 [J]. 河北农业科学, 2017, 6: 70-80, 84]
Yin YY, Zhai YF, Liu QC,et al. Influence of temperature on the parasitism and host feeding capacity of Encarsia formosa [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2018, 40 (6): 1370-1374. [尹园园, 翟一凡, 林清彩, 等. 温度对丽蚜小蜂寄生与取食的影响 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2018, 40 (6): 1370-1374]
Zang LS, Liu YQ, Liu SS. A new clip-cage for whitefly experimental studies [J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2005, 42 (3): 329-331. [臧连生, 刘银泉, 刘树生. 一种适合粉虱实验观察的新型微虫笼 [J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2005, 42 (3): 329-331]
Zhang SZ, Wan FH, Hua BZ,et al. Biological control of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2004, 20 (1): 57-60. [张世泽, 万方浩, 花保桢, 等. 烟粉虱的生物防治 [J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2004, 20 (1): 57-60]
Zhang XM, Xu HY, Yang NW, et al. Field cage evaluation of the biocontrol effect of two aphelinid parasitoids on Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) [J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2018, 45 (6): 1281-1288. [张晓明, 徐海云, 杨念婉, 等.两种蚜小蜂对烟粉虱MED隐种的田间笼罩控效评价 [J]. 植物保护学报, 2018,45 (6): 1281-1288]
De Barro PJ, Coombs MT. Post-release evaluation of Eretmocerus hayati Zolnerowich and Rose in Australia [J]. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2009, 99 (2): 193-206.
De Barro PJ, Liu SS, Boykin LM,et al. Bemisia tabaci: A statement of species status [J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2011, 56 (1): 1-19.
Goolsby JA, De Barro PJ, Kirk AA,et al. Post-release evaluation of biological control of Bemisia tabaci biotype “B” in the USA and the development of predictive tools to guide introductions for other countries [J]. Biological Control, 2005, 32: 70-77.
Hu J, Zhang XY, Jiang ZL,et al. New putative cryptic species detection and genetic network analysis of Bemisia tabaci (Hempitera: Aleyrodidae) in China based on mitochondrial COI sequences [J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 2018, 29 (3): 474-484.
Jiu M, Zhou XP, Liu SS. Transmission of geminiviruses by whitefly [J].Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2006, 49 (3): 513-520. [纠敏, 周雪平, 刘树生. 烟粉虱传播双生病毒研究进展 [J]. 昆虫学报, 2006, 49 (3): 513-520]
Kuang W, Yang NW, Wan FH,et al. Effects of temperatures and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) reared on different host plant on development and reproduction of parasitoid, Eretmocerus hayati (Zolnerowich and Rose) [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2011, 27 (2): 152-156. [匡炜, 杨念婉, 万方浩, 等. 温度和烟粉虱寄主植物对海氏桨角蚜小蜂生物学特性的影响 [J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2011, 27 (2): 152-156]
Li S, Lao YB, Wang S,et al. Control effect of Orius sauteri collaborated with Encarsia formosa on Bemisia tabaci in the greenhouse [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2014, 36 (6): 978-982. [李姝, 劳永兵, 王甦, 等. 东亚小花蝽和丽蚜小蜂对烟粉虱的协同控制效果研究 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2014, 36 (6): 978-982]
Liu SS, Colvin J,De Barro PJ. Species concepts as applied to the whitefly Bemisia tabaci systematics: How many species are there? [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2012, 11 (2): 176-186.
Liu YQ, Liu SS. Species status of Bemisia tabaci complex and their distributions in China [J]. Journal of Biosafety, 2012, 21 (4): 247-255. [刘银泉, 刘树生. 烟粉虱的分类地位及在中国的分布 [J]. 生物安全学报, 2012, 21 (4): 247-255]
Pan D, Wang LL, Liu SS, et al. Effects of begomovirus infection of tomato plants on leaf trichome density and foraging performance and fitness of Eretmocerus hayati (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) [J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2013, 56 (6): 644-651. [潘登, 王岚岚, 刘树生, 等. 番茄感染双生病毒对叶毛密度和海氏桨角蚜小蜂搜寻行为及适合性的影响 [J]. 昆虫学报, 2013, 56 (6): 644-651]
Shao JB, Liu SS, Yu YZ, et al. Functional response of Eretmocerus hayati to two biotypes of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2010, 32 (1): 73-77. [邵家斌, 刘树生, 余元钊, 等. 海氏桨角蚜小蜂对两种生物型烟粉虱的功能反应研究 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2010, 32 (1): 73-77]
Tan XL, Hu NN, Zhang F,et al. Mixed release of two parasitoids and a polyphagous ladybird as a potential strategy to control the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci [J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6: 28245
Wan FH, Yang NW. Host suitability of different instars of Bemisia tabaci biotype B for the parasitoid Eretmocerus hayati [J]. Biological Control, 2011, 59 (2): 313-317.
Wang S, Zhao J, Zhang F, et al. Evaluation of potential management of Bemisia tabaci by two parasitoids mixed population via functional response model [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2014, 36 (2): 188-193. [王甦, 赵静, 张帆, 等. 利用功能反应模型评价两种寄生蜂混合释放对烟粉虱的防控潜能 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2014, 36 (2): 188-193]
Xu HY, Yang NW, Wan FH. Field cage evaluation of interspecific interaction of two aphelinid parasitoids and biocontrol effect on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle East-Asia Minor 1 [J]. Entomological Science, 2015, 18 (2): 237-244.
Xu WH, Zhu GR, Li GL, et al. Influence of temperature on the biology of Encarsia formosa parasitizing the whitefly Bemisia tabaci [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2003, 19 (3): 103-106. [徐维红, 朱国仁, 李桂兰, 等. 温度对丽蚜小蜂寄生烟粉虱生物学特性的影响 [J]. 中国生物防治, 2003, 19 (3): 103-106]
Yin YY, Chen H, Zhai YF,et al. Parasitic and host feeding preference of Encarsia formosa on Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaprorariorum [J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 6: 70-80, 84. [尹园园, 陈浩, 翟一凡, 等. 丽蚜小蜂对烟粉虱和温室白粉虱若虫的寄生与取食选择性 [J]. 河北农业科学, 2017, 6: 70-80, 84]
Yin YY, Zhai YF, Liu QC,et al. Influence of temperature on the parasitism and host feeding capacity of Encarsia formosa [J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2018, 40 (6): 1370-1374. [尹园园, 翟一凡, 林清彩, 等. 温度对丽蚜小蜂寄生与取食的影响 [J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2018, 40 (6): 1370-1374]
Zang LS, Liu YQ, Liu SS. A new clip-cage for whitefly experimental studies [J].Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2005, 42 (3): 329-331. [臧连生, 刘银泉, 刘树生. 一种适合粉虱实验观察的新型微虫笼 [J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2005, 42 (3): 329-331]
Zhang SZ, Wan FH, Hua BZ,et al. Biological control of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) [J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2004, 20 (1): 57-60. [张世泽, 万方浩, 花保桢, 等. 烟粉虱的生物防治 [J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2004, 20 (1): 57-60]
Zhang XM, Xu HY, Yang NW, et al. Field cage evaluation of the biocontrol effect of two aphelinid parasitoids on Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) [J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2018, 45 (6): 1281-1288. [张晓明, 徐海云, 杨念婉, 等.两种蚜小蜂对烟粉虱MED隐种的田间笼罩控效评价 [J]. 植物保护学报, 2018,45 (6): 1281-1288]