螺螨酯和联苯肼酯在柑橘中的残留降解及其膳食风险评估
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摘要
为评价螺螨酯和联苯肼酯在柑橘上的环境安全性,采用田间试验方法,研究了自然条件下螺螨酯和联苯肼酯在柑橘上的消解动态和残留情况,探索施药最适安全间隔期。结果表明,40%螺螨酯·联苯肼酯悬浮剂稀释1667倍液施药1次,螺螨酯与联苯肼酯在柑橘全果中的半衰期分别为4.70 d、4.86 d;柑橘全果中的两种农药的残留量均受施药浓度和施药次数的影响,残留风险与田间用药剂量及用药次数呈正比例关系。参考国内外农药残留限量标准,建议在正常栽培条件下,按常规方法及作用剂量施药2次,柑橘的安全采收间隔期为30 d;当施药浓度或施药次数增加时,安全间隔期应适当延长。
In order to evaluate the environmental safety of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate, the dynamic changes of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate residue on citrus was studied under natural condition. Meanwhile, the safe application mode of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate in proper harvest interval of citrus was explored. It was shown that the half-life of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate in citrus were 4.70 d and 4.86 d respectively afterthey were applied once in 1667 times diluents. The final residue of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate were influenced by both the application concentration and application times, and the environment risk was positively correlated with the application dosages and times. When Bifenazate was applied 2 times at the recommended concentration on citrus, the proper post-harvest interval was 30 d, and the harvest interval should be appropriately extended with the increased application dosages and times.
In order to evaluate the environmental safety of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate, the dynamic changes of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate residue on citrus was studied under natural condition. Meanwhile, the safe application mode of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate in proper harvest interval of citrus was explored. It was shown that the half-life of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate in citrus were 4.70 d and 4.86 d respectively afterthey were applied once in 1667 times diluents. The final residue of Spirodiclofen and Bifenazate were influenced by both the application concentration and application times, and the environment risk was positively correlated with the application dosages and times. When Bifenazate was applied 2 times at the recommended concentration on citrus, the proper post-harvest interval was 30 d, and the harvest interval should be appropriately extended with the increased application dosages and times.
引文
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[3]陈灯才,许焕明.20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂防治柑橘全爪螨田间药效试验[J].广西植保,2014(1):13-15.
[4]李忠洲,周玉书,朴静子,等.二斑叶螨对螺螨酯的抗性选育及其解毒酶活性测定[J].应用昆虫学报,2013(2):454-459.
[5]Tirello P,Pozzebon A,Cassanelli S,et al.Resistance to acaricides in Italian strains of Tetranychus urticae:toxicological and enzymatic assays[J].Experimental and applied acarology,2012,57(1):53-64.
[6]曹巍,陈高部,关云飞,等.联苯肼酯的高效液相色谱分析[J].农药,2011(06):424-425.
[7]宫亚军,石宝才,王泽华,等.新型杀螨剂—联苯肼酯对二斑叶螨的毒力测定及田间防效[J].农药,2013(03):225-227.
[8]王向未,仇厚援,张志恒,等.食品中膳食暴露评估模型研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2012(04):733-738.
[9]吴永宁.食品新型风险鉴定与膳食暴露评估技术:第八届全国分析毒理学大会暨中国毒理学会分析毒理专业委员会第五届会员代表大会,中国浙江舟山,2014[C].
[10]中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所.农产品质量安全风险评估:原理、方法和应用[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[11]宋稳成.JMPR评估农药ADI和ARf D清单[J].农药科学与管理,2009(08):12-17.
[12]王颜红,王姗姗,王世成,等.欧盟消费者膳食暴露风险评估策略及在我国的适用性[J].食品科学,2009(01):288-293.
[13]农业部国家卫生计生委.GB2763-2014食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量[S].2014.