个性化医学营养干预对超重及肥胖患者的效果评价
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摘要
目的:探究医学营养干预对门诊超重及肥胖患者体成分及体重管理认知度的影响,为体重管理的实践提供科学依据及相关经验。方法:对2017年6月—12月聊城市人民医院体重管理门诊103名超重及肥胖患者进行3个月的个性化医学营养干预及密切跟踪随访,对干预前超重及肥胖患者超重危险因素进行问卷调查,干预前后患者进行人体成分分析及体重管理认知度调查。结果:聊城市人民医院体重管理门诊103名超重及肥胖患者超重危险因素主要包含嗜油腻(油炸食品、外出进餐频繁)、甜品摄入较多(零食、饮料)、体力运动少(久坐、规律锻炼)、压力大以及睡眠不充足;个性化营养干预后患者体重、BMI、体脂率、腰围及腰臀比明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),肌肉量无明显变化(P>0. 05),患者减重知识的认知度明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论:个性化医学营养干预对超重及肥胖患者减重效果明显,可广泛推广应用。
【Objective】 To detect the effect of medical nutrition therapy( MNT) on overweight and obese patients and provide clinical basis and management experience of body weight management. 【Method】 Totally 103 cases of overweight and obese patients in the body weight management clinic were treated with MNT,which lasted for 3 months. Investigate their lifestyle and indicators of human body composition,body weight management cognition before and after MNT were compared by paired-samples T test. 【Result】 The risk factors of overweight and obesity patients included greasy,more desserts( snacks,drinks),less physical exercise( sedentary,regular exercise),stress and lack of sleep. After 3 months,index of obesity,such as body weight,BMI,waist circumference,waist-hip ratio and body fat percentage were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05),the cognition of body weight management was significantly increased( P < 0. 05).【Conclusion】 MNT is an effective method for overweight and obese patients and worth promoting.
【Objective】 To detect the effect of medical nutrition therapy( MNT) on overweight and obese patients and provide clinical basis and management experience of body weight management. 【Method】 Totally 103 cases of overweight and obese patients in the body weight management clinic were treated with MNT,which lasted for 3 months. Investigate their lifestyle and indicators of human body composition,body weight management cognition before and after MNT were compared by paired-samples T test. 【Result】 The risk factors of overweight and obesity patients included greasy,more desserts( snacks,drinks),less physical exercise( sedentary,regular exercise),stress and lack of sleep. After 3 months,index of obesity,such as body weight,BMI,waist circumference,waist-hip ratio and body fat percentage were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05),the cognition of body weight management was significantly increased( P < 0. 05).【Conclusion】 MNT is an effective method for overweight and obese patients and worth promoting.
引文
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[6]于洪志,杜钟珍,吴琦.肥胖与呼吸系统疾病的关系[J].国际呼吸杂志,2013,33(11):47-51.
[7] Bhaskaran K,Douglas I,Forbes H,et al. Body-mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers:a population-based cohort study of 5. 24 million UK adults[J]. Lancet,2014,384(9945):755-765.
[8] Wronka I. Association between BMI and age at menarche in girls from different socio-economic groups[J]. Anthropol Anz,2010,68(1):43-52.
[9]贺媛,赵小兰,曾强.城市成人超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖的流行特征和相关危险因素分析[J],实用预防医学,2015,22(4):390-394.
[10] Lubos Sobotka.临床营养基础[M].第4版.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2013.
[11] Kyle UG,Bosaeus I,De Lorenzo AD,et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-part I:review of principles and methods[J]. Clin Nutr,2004,23(5):1226-1243.
[12]刘琳,等.人体成分分析在体重管理单纯肥胖患者中的应用效果[J].中国当代医药,2017,24(18):31-33.
[2]中国超重肥胖医学营养治疗专家共识编写委员会.中国超重/肥胖医学营养治疗专家共识(2016年版)[J].中国糖尿病杂志,2016,8(10):525-540.
[3]秘迎君.中国九省成人超重、肥胖的患病率及其与全死因死亡风险的关联研究[D].河北:河北医科大学,2014.
[4] Xi B, Liang Y, He T, et al. Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults 1993—2009[J]. Obes Rev,2012,13(3):287-296.
[5] Zhao YW,Wang Y,Zhao ST,et al. Relationship between BMI and blood pressure,blood lipid and blood glucose in healthy physical examination[J]. Med J Chin PLA,2013,38(9):781-783.
[6]于洪志,杜钟珍,吴琦.肥胖与呼吸系统疾病的关系[J].国际呼吸杂志,2013,33(11):47-51.
[7] Bhaskaran K,Douglas I,Forbes H,et al. Body-mass index and risk of 22 specific cancers:a population-based cohort study of 5. 24 million UK adults[J]. Lancet,2014,384(9945):755-765.
[8] Wronka I. Association between BMI and age at menarche in girls from different socio-economic groups[J]. Anthropol Anz,2010,68(1):43-52.
[9]贺媛,赵小兰,曾强.城市成人超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖的流行特征和相关危险因素分析[J],实用预防医学,2015,22(4):390-394.
[10] Lubos Sobotka.临床营养基础[M].第4版.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2013.
[11] Kyle UG,Bosaeus I,De Lorenzo AD,et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-part I:review of principles and methods[J]. Clin Nutr,2004,23(5):1226-1243.
[12]刘琳,等.人体成分分析在体重管理单纯肥胖患者中的应用效果[J].中国当代医药,2017,24(18):31-33.