急性经口毒性试验方法研究进展
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摘要
简述了几种急性经口毒性试验的方法以及其优缺点.由于传统的急毒试验方法像霍恩氏法、寇氏法等均需要准确测定出LD_(50)的值,导致所需要的实验动物数量较多,后经国际组织研究制定出可代替测定LD_(50)的急性经口毒性试验方法,如:上-下法、固定剂量法、急性毒性分类法等.新方法无需测定出准确LD_(50)的值,以最大限度减少实验动物的死亡率,缩减试验所需的人力物力,值得应用和推广.
The paper elaborates various methodswith merits and drawbacks of acute oral toxicity test.Traditional methods of acute toxicity test such as Horne's method,Karber's method and others all require the accurate value of LD_(50),which need a higher amount of tested animals and disobey the humanitarianism and animal protection. Thus,the new methods including up-down procedure,fixed does procedure and acute toxic classification method are developed and replaced by international organization. The new methods without an accurate value of LD_(50) are worth of promotion and application because they can minimize the mortality of laboratory animals and save the resources of human and material.
The paper elaborates various methodswith merits and drawbacks of acute oral toxicity test.Traditional methods of acute toxicity test such as Horne's method,Karber's method and others all require the accurate value of LD_(50),which need a higher amount of tested animals and disobey the humanitarianism and animal protection. Thus,the new methods including up-down procedure,fixed does procedure and acute toxic classification method are developed and replaced by international organization. The new methods without an accurate value of LD_(50) are worth of promotion and application because they can minimize the mortality of laboratory animals and save the resources of human and material.
引文
[1] GB 15193.3-2014.食品安全国家标准急性经口毒性试验[S].
[2]于春,李军,岑延利,等.霍恩氏法与序贯法在急性经口毒性试验中应用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(21):7-8.
[3] Zhang N,Li Z,Che W,et al. Biopartitioning MicellarChromatography to Predict Dihydropyridine SelectiveCalcium Channel Antagonist Toxicity[J]. Chroma-tographia,2009,70(5):685-690.
[4]贾鹰珏,李国辉,张平.黄连及黄连解毒汤对小鼠的急性毒性实验研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(18):1399-1404.
[5]傅晓钟,沈祥春,黄英,等.七元瓜环对小鼠的急性毒性实验研究[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2007(6):650-652.
[6]高俊宏,刘志永,王鸿,等.1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷的急性毒性研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(3):261-262.
[7]徐淑云.药理研究方法学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
[8]肖经纬,崔涛,孟会林,等.3种急性经口毒性试验方法的比较[J].毒理学杂志,2007,21(2):135-136.
[9]艾霞,徐恩亚.中药川贝对小鼠急性毒性和致突变性的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014(9):2615-2616.
[10]黄晓洁,邢成锋,魏刚,等.β-细辛醚对小鼠急性毒性作用的初步研究[J].山东医药,2013,53(42):26-28.
[11]邵凤,刘林生,阿基业.GC/TOF-MS代谢组学技术研究雷公藤甲素在大鼠体内的急性毒性[J].中国药科大学学报,2014,45(6):703-709.
[12] Wang L,Guo Z T,Xiao-Song Z,et al.Study on AcuteToxicity Test of Anticoccidial Oral Liquid from Dichroafebrifugain Mice[J]. China Animal Husbandry&Vet-erinary Medicine,2016,43(10):2724-2729.
[13]张天亮.急性经口毒性试验替代测试方法进展[J].预防医学论坛,2008,14(12):1225-1226.
[14]曹运刚,黄勇.普通洗涤剂对中华新米虾的急性毒性影响[J].河南水产,2013,1(4):31-32.
[15] Rispin A,Farrar D,Margosches E,et al. AlternativeMethods for the Median Lethal Dose(LD50)Test:TheUp-and-Down Procedure for Acute Oral Toxicity[J].Ilar Journal,2002,43(4):233.
[16]袁媛,邱霞.急性毒性试验研究进展[J].海军医学杂志,2013,34(5):360-360.
[17] GB/T 21826-2008.化学品急性经口毒性试验方法上下增减计量法(UDP).
[18]李佳,金晶,黄芝瑛.上下法在急性毒性试验中的应用进展[J].中国比较医学杂志,2008,18(6):70-72.
[19]张方舟,王益,颜文君,等.上下法与传统急性毒性法测定薄荷油LD50的试验研究[J].河南科技大学学报(医学版),2012,30(4):268-270.
[20] Stalla N,Whitehead A,Ridgway P.Statistical evaluationof the revised fixed-dose procedure[J].Human&Ex-perimental Toxicology,2002,21(4):182-183.
[21]胡启之.OECD新发布急性经口毒性试验方法简介[J].毒理学杂志,2005,19(4):323-325.
[22]孙宇立,董铖,洪新宇,等.4种急性经口毒性试验方法的比较研究[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(6):539-543.
[23] Schlede E,Genschow E,Spielmann H,et al.Oral acutetoxic class method:A successful alternative to the oralLD50,test[J].Regulatory Toxicology&Pharmacology,2005,42(1):15-23.
[24]朱心强,叶方友.固定剂量法与传统LD50试验的比较[J].毒理学杂志,1992(4):287-287.
[25]袁媛,邱霞.急性毒性试验研究进展[J].海军医学杂志,2013,34(5):360-361.
[26]高珊,童英,郑珊,等.4种急性经口毒性试验对3种化妆品原料的对比研究[J].毒理学杂志,2012,26(1):65-67.
[27]梁艳文,孙贺,何罗香,等.玉米须纯化黄酮抗炎作用及急性毒性实验[J].吉林化工学院学报,2016,33(7):13-16.
[2]于春,李军,岑延利,等.霍恩氏法与序贯法在急性经口毒性试验中应用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(21):7-8.
[3] Zhang N,Li Z,Che W,et al. Biopartitioning MicellarChromatography to Predict Dihydropyridine SelectiveCalcium Channel Antagonist Toxicity[J]. Chroma-tographia,2009,70(5):685-690.
[4]贾鹰珏,李国辉,张平.黄连及黄连解毒汤对小鼠的急性毒性实验研究[J].中国药学杂志,2011,46(18):1399-1404.
[5]傅晓钟,沈祥春,黄英,等.七元瓜环对小鼠的急性毒性实验研究[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2007(6):650-652.
[6]高俊宏,刘志永,王鸿,等.1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷的急性毒性研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(3):261-262.
[7]徐淑云.药理研究方法学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.
[8]肖经纬,崔涛,孟会林,等.3种急性经口毒性试验方法的比较[J].毒理学杂志,2007,21(2):135-136.
[9]艾霞,徐恩亚.中药川贝对小鼠急性毒性和致突变性的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014(9):2615-2616.
[10]黄晓洁,邢成锋,魏刚,等.β-细辛醚对小鼠急性毒性作用的初步研究[J].山东医药,2013,53(42):26-28.
[11]邵凤,刘林生,阿基业.GC/TOF-MS代谢组学技术研究雷公藤甲素在大鼠体内的急性毒性[J].中国药科大学学报,2014,45(6):703-709.
[12] Wang L,Guo Z T,Xiao-Song Z,et al.Study on AcuteToxicity Test of Anticoccidial Oral Liquid from Dichroafebrifugain Mice[J]. China Animal Husbandry&Vet-erinary Medicine,2016,43(10):2724-2729.
[13]张天亮.急性经口毒性试验替代测试方法进展[J].预防医学论坛,2008,14(12):1225-1226.
[14]曹运刚,黄勇.普通洗涤剂对中华新米虾的急性毒性影响[J].河南水产,2013,1(4):31-32.
[15] Rispin A,Farrar D,Margosches E,et al. AlternativeMethods for the Median Lethal Dose(LD50)Test:TheUp-and-Down Procedure for Acute Oral Toxicity[J].Ilar Journal,2002,43(4):233.
[16]袁媛,邱霞.急性毒性试验研究进展[J].海军医学杂志,2013,34(5):360-360.
[17] GB/T 21826-2008.化学品急性经口毒性试验方法上下增减计量法(UDP).
[18]李佳,金晶,黄芝瑛.上下法在急性毒性试验中的应用进展[J].中国比较医学杂志,2008,18(6):70-72.
[19]张方舟,王益,颜文君,等.上下法与传统急性毒性法测定薄荷油LD50的试验研究[J].河南科技大学学报(医学版),2012,30(4):268-270.
[20] Stalla N,Whitehead A,Ridgway P.Statistical evaluationof the revised fixed-dose procedure[J].Human&Ex-perimental Toxicology,2002,21(4):182-183.
[21]胡启之.OECD新发布急性经口毒性试验方法简介[J].毒理学杂志,2005,19(4):323-325.
[22]孙宇立,董铖,洪新宇,等.4种急性经口毒性试验方法的比较研究[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(6):539-543.
[23] Schlede E,Genschow E,Spielmann H,et al.Oral acutetoxic class method:A successful alternative to the oralLD50,test[J].Regulatory Toxicology&Pharmacology,2005,42(1):15-23.
[24]朱心强,叶方友.固定剂量法与传统LD50试验的比较[J].毒理学杂志,1992(4):287-287.
[25]袁媛,邱霞.急性毒性试验研究进展[J].海军医学杂志,2013,34(5):360-361.
[26]高珊,童英,郑珊,等.4种急性经口毒性试验对3种化妆品原料的对比研究[J].毒理学杂志,2012,26(1):65-67.
[27]梁艳文,孙贺,何罗香,等.玉米须纯化黄酮抗炎作用及急性毒性实验[J].吉林化工学院学报,2016,33(7):13-16.