理论与应用并重的工程结构随机振动课程综合教学模式
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摘要
在我国经济快速发展和整体经济结构升级过程中,卓越工程师培养计划的开展对提高我国自主创新能力、增强国家核心竞争力具有重要意义。土木工程是一门实践性很强的应用型学科,加强土木工程实践教学环节的改革和建设对培养综合职业能力强、创新意识高、能够服务于生产一线的工程师具有重要意义。工程结构随机振动是一门用概率与统计方法研究承受随机荷载的结构系统稳定性、响应及可靠性的技术科学,掌握或至少了解工程结构随机振动知识是当今社会对受过良好教育的土木工程师的基本要求。然而,该课程具有抽象概念多、公式推导繁琐和数学描述复杂的学科特点,实践教学开展难度大。文章结合同济大学土木工程学院在工程结构随机振动课程建设中的丰富经验,从立足基础理论教育、兼顾学科前沿动态、以提高学生的应用技能为落脚点和建立灵活的评价标准四个方面,系统阐述和全面总结了工程结构随机振动课程建设的指导思路和具体做法。文章中的综合教学模式能有效引导学生理解工程结构随机振动的概念,激发学生的学习热情,培养学生自我学习和实践创新的能力,在实践教学中取得了良好的教学效果。
At the rapid improve time of China' s society-economy and economical structure, the progress of excellent engineers training program improves the country ' s self-dependent innovation ability and core competitiveness enormously. Civil engineering is a practical discipline, enhancing the practical teaching reform plays a crucial role in cultivating excellent engineers who can hold high comprehensive vocation ability, advanced innovative awareness and practical skills. Random vibration of engineering structures is an application course which studies the stability, responses and reliability of structural systems using probability and statistics methods.Now, handling or at least acquainting the random vibration methods in engineering structure' s design is a basic requirement for a well-educated civil engineer. A well-educated civil engineer is expected to understand the basic concepts and practical methods of random vibration. In this paper, the course characteristics are focused squarely such as confusing conceptions, complicated formulas and abstract mathematical descriptions. By summing and discussing the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures course in the College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, this paper systematic illustrates and overall reviews the guidance and appropriate practice methods in the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures. The illustration and review are dissected from the following four aspects: basing on the theoretical education, introducing the course developing trend, focusing on students' practical skills and developing the flexible evaluation criterion. The methods in this paper are believed efficient and reliable to guide students mastering theoretical concepts, to motivate students, and to develop the students' practical abilities. It has shown the satisfied teaching effect in the practice teaching.
At the rapid improve time of China' s society-economy and economical structure, the progress of excellent engineers training program improves the country ' s self-dependent innovation ability and core competitiveness enormously. Civil engineering is a practical discipline, enhancing the practical teaching reform plays a crucial role in cultivating excellent engineers who can hold high comprehensive vocation ability, advanced innovative awareness and practical skills. Random vibration of engineering structures is an application course which studies the stability, responses and reliability of structural systems using probability and statistics methods.Now, handling or at least acquainting the random vibration methods in engineering structure' s design is a basic requirement for a well-educated civil engineer. A well-educated civil engineer is expected to understand the basic concepts and practical methods of random vibration. In this paper, the course characteristics are focused squarely such as confusing conceptions, complicated formulas and abstract mathematical descriptions. By summing and discussing the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures course in the College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, this paper systematic illustrates and overall reviews the guidance and appropriate practice methods in the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures. The illustration and review are dissected from the following four aspects: basing on the theoretical education, introducing the course developing trend, focusing on students' practical skills and developing the flexible evaluation criterion. The methods in this paper are believed efficient and reliable to guide students mastering theoretical concepts, to motivate students, and to develop the students' practical abilities. It has shown the satisfied teaching effect in the practice teaching.
引文
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[10]Clough R W,Penzien J. Dynamics of Structures[M]. New York:Mc Graw-Hill,1975.
[2]俞载道,曹国敖.随机振动理论及其应用[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1988.
[3]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[4]Nigam N C. Introduction to Random Vibrations. Cambridge(United States)[M]. Cambridge:The MIT Press,1983.
[5]克拉夫R.,彭津J.结构动力学[M]. 2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[6]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[7]纽兰(D E Newland).随机振动与谱分析概论[M].方同,译.北京:机械工业出版社,1980.
[8]李杰,陈建兵.随机振动理论与应用新进展[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2009.
[9]陈清军,王汉东.升船机结构抗震可靠度分析中若干问题的探讨[J].力学季刊,2003,24(3):313-318.
[10]Clough R W,Penzien J. Dynamics of Structures[M]. New York:Mc Graw-Hill,1975.