嘉陵江(南充段)开发利用现状与保护对策
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摘要
长江经济带保护与开发已被列入国家重大发展战略,嘉陵江是长江上游重要支流,在支流中流域面积位居第一,嘉陵江的水资源开发利用与长江流域的保护密切相关。文中分析嘉陵江(南充段)水资源开发利用现状及其存在问题,从河道内生态用水、水环境容量利用率、干支流水质状况,以及河流建筑物对嘉陵江纵向连通性以及鱼类的影响等,揭示由于水资源开发利用引发的主要问题,并从水资源开发利用红线、降低农业用水、农业与农村面源污染控制、分期分河段制定河流保护目标等提出保护对策。
The protection and development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been included in the national major development strategy. The Jialing River is an important tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the watershed area is the largest among the tributaries. The development and utilization of water resources in the Jialing River is closely related to the protection of the Yangtze River Basin. This paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of water resources development and utilization in Jialing River(Nanchong Section). The ecological water use in the river,the utilization rate of water environment capacity,the water quality,the river continuum and the fish,revealling the main problems caused by the development and utilization of water resources. The protection measures are proposed from the development and utilization of water resources,the reduction of agricultural water use,the control of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution,and the development of river protection targets by stages.
The protection and development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been included in the national major development strategy. The Jialing River is an important tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the watershed area is the largest among the tributaries. The development and utilization of water resources in the Jialing River is closely related to the protection of the Yangtze River Basin. This paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of water resources development and utilization in Jialing River(Nanchong Section). The ecological water use in the river,the utilization rate of water environment capacity,the water quality,the river continuum and the fish,revealling the main problems caused by the development and utilization of water resources. The protection measures are proposed from the development and utilization of water resources,the reduction of agricultural water use,the control of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution,and the development of river protection targets by stages.
引文
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[13]王西琴,吴若然,李兆捷,等.我国农业用水安全的分区及发展对策[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(10):1428-1434.
[14]ARANTZA M,CHAMORRO J M.Valuation and management of fishing resources under price uncertainty[J].Environmental and Resource Economics,2006,33(1):39-71.
[15]王西琴,杜倩倩,张远.我国东中西部典型城市EKC曲线的阶段判断[J].生态经济(中文版),2013(5):56-60.
[2]李乃欣.嘉陵江流域水环境保护问题及对策研究[J].科技资讯,2009(32):109-111.
[3]吴勇,陈友军.南充市水资源利用现状及可持续利用研究[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(4):373-376.
[4]董宏伟.长江流域嘉陵江水系水生态环境保护探讨[J].水利规划与设计,2018(6).
[5]曾燏.嘉陵江干流鱼类物种分类多样性研究[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(3):246-250.
[6]王西琴,张远.中国七大河流水资源开发利用率阈值[J].自然资源学报,2008,23(3):500-506.
[7]施白南,邓其祥.嘉陵江鱼类名录及其调查史略[J].西南师范学院学报(自然科学版),1980(2):38-48.
[8]CUMMINS K W.Structure and function of stream ecosystems[J].Bio Science,1974(24):631-641.
[9]TENNANT D L.Instream Flow Regimens for Fish,Wildife,Recreation and Related Environmental Resources[M]∥In Orshorn J F and All Man C H(e ds),Proceedings of Symposium and Specility Conference on Instream Flow NeedsⅡ,Bethesda:American Fisheries Society,Maryland,1976:359-373.
[10]王西琴,张远.我国七大流域河道生态用水现状评价[J].自然资源学报,2008,23(1):95-102.
[11]VANNOTE R L,MINSHALL G W,CUMMINS K W,et al.The river continuum concept[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1980(37):130-137.
[12]王西琴,张远,张艳会.渭河上游天然径流变化及其自然与人为因素影响贡献量[J].自然资源学报,2006,21(6):981-990.
[13]王西琴,吴若然,李兆捷,等.我国农业用水安全的分区及发展对策[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(10):1428-1434.
[14]ARANTZA M,CHAMORRO J M.Valuation and management of fishing resources under price uncertainty[J].Environmental and Resource Economics,2006,33(1):39-71.
[15]王西琴,杜倩倩,张远.我国东中西部典型城市EKC曲线的阶段判断[J].生态经济(中文版),2013(5):56-60.