图书情报科研人员对高校图书馆科学数据共享的感知风险研究
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摘要
文章研究了我国图书情报科研人员对高校图书馆科学数据共享的感知风险结构维度,以期降低科研人员的感知风险,提升共享意愿,同时为风险研究提供测量量表。使用问卷调查了207位图书情报领域科研人员,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析获得维度结构并进行验证。构建了图书情报科研人员对高校图书馆科学数据共享的感知风险4维度量表,包括:滥用和侵权风险、数据质量风险、组织压力风险、学术优势丧失风险,累计解释的方差为72.79%,信度和效度良好。在各因素中,滥用和侵权风险的感知水平最高。基于结论,文章从数据管理服务的角度提出降低科研人员感知风险的建议。
By developing a dimension model of LIS researchers' perception of risk on research data sharing by academic libraries,this paper aims to help academic libraries decrease the level of perceived risks,thus to improve the willingness of sharing research data.At same time,this paper also provides scale for perceived risk research.A questionnaire was used to survey 207 LIS researchers' opinions on the risks of research data sharing,and EFA and CFA were used to obtain and test the dimension of perceived risk.This study develops a scale of LIS researchers' perception of risk,which contains 4 dimensions:abuse and labiality,data quality,the pressure form organization,and loss academic advantage.Among them,the risk of abuse and labiality is the most serious risk that perceived by LIS researchers.Based on the findings,this paper provides suggestions to decrease the level of LIS researchers' perception of risk on research data sharing.
By developing a dimension model of LIS researchers' perception of risk on research data sharing by academic libraries,this paper aims to help academic libraries decrease the level of perceived risks,thus to improve the willingness of sharing research data.At same time,this paper also provides scale for perceived risk research.A questionnaire was used to survey 207 LIS researchers' opinions on the risks of research data sharing,and EFA and CFA were used to obtain and test the dimension of perceived risk.This study develops a scale of LIS researchers' perception of risk,which contains 4 dimensions:abuse and labiality,data quality,the pressure form organization,and loss academic advantage.Among them,the risk of abuse and labiality is the most serious risk that perceived by LIS researchers.Based on the findings,this paper provides suggestions to decrease the level of LIS researchers' perception of risk on research data sharing.
引文
[1]National Science Foundation.Scientists Seeking NSF Funding Will Soon Be Required to Submit Data Management Plans[EB/OL].[2017-06-25].http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116928.
[2]Erway R.Starting the Conversation:University-Wide Research Data Management Policy[J].OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc,2013.
[3]“上海地区高校科学数据平台暨机构库研讨会”隆重举行[EB/OL].[2017-06-25].http://www.library.fudan.edu.cn/main/info/4262.htm.
[4]Piwowar H A.Who Shares?Who doesn't?Factors Aassociated with Openly Archiving Raw Research Data[J].Plos One,2011(7):e18657.
[5]周姗姗,翁苏湘,毕强,等.科学数据共享中的邻避现象及应对研究[J].图书情报工作,2015(17):84-88.
[6]张晋朝.我国高校科研人员科学数据共享意愿研究[J].情报理论与实践,2013(10):25-30.
[7]孙晓燕.科学数据共享行为的理论模型构建及测度实证研究[J].情报学报,2016(10):1062-1071.
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[13]张娟.基于用户需求的高校图书馆科学数据服务研究[J].图书馆学研究,2015(19):74-79.
[14]吴丹,陈晶.我国医学从业者科学数据共享行为调查研究[J].图书情报工作,2015(18):30-39.
[15]张静蓓,吕俊生,田野.国外数据共享行为影响因素研究综述[J].图书情报工作,2014(4):136-142.
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[17]Abrizah A,Hilmi M,Kassim N A.Resource-Sharing Through an Inter-Institutional Repository[J].Electronic Library,2015,33(4):730-748.
[18]Kim Y,Adler M.Social Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors:Investigating the Roles of Individual Mmotivations,Institutional Pressures,and Data Repositories[J].International Journal of Information Management,2015,35(4):408-418.
[19]Alikhan S E,Harris L W,Gold E R.Motivating Participation in Open Science by Examining Researcher Incentives[J].Elife,2017(6):1-12.
[20]Borgman C L.The Conundrum of Sharing Research Data[J].New Technology of Library & Information Service,2013,63(6):1059-1078.
[21]Sawage C J,Vickers A J.Empirical Study of Data Sharing by Authors Publishing in PLoS Journals[J].Plos One,2009(9):e7078.
[22]Campbell E G,Clarridge B R,Gokale M,et al.Data Withholding in Academic Genetics:Evidence from a National Survey.[J].Jama,2002(4):473-480.
[23]Sedberry G R,Fautin D G,Feldman M,et al.OBIS-USA:A Data-Sharing Legacy of the Census of Marine Life[J].Oceanography,2011(2):166-173.
[24]Campbell E G,Bendavid E.Data-Sharing and Data-Withholding in Genetics and the Life Sciences:Rresults of a National Survey of Technology Transfer Officers[J].Journal of Health Sare Law & Policy,2003(2):241-255.
[25]Wicherts J M,Bakker M,Molenaar D.Willingness to Share Research Data Is Related to the Strength of The Evidence and the Quality of Reporting of Statistical Results[J].Plos One,2011(11):e26828.
[26]Haas M R,Park S.To Share or not to Share?Professional Norms,Reference Groups,and Information Withholding among Life Scientists[J].Organization Science,2010(4):873-891.
[27]孙跃.产业集群知识员工离职感知风险对离职意愿影响研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.
[28]Cunningham,Scott M.Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior[M].Donald F.Cox(Ed.),Boston:Harvard University,1967:82-108.
[29]Bentler P M,Chou C P.Practical Issues in Structural Modeling[J].Sociological Methods & Research,1987,16(1):78-117.
[30]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务 SPSS操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:205.
[31]Anderson N,Lievens F,Van Dam K,et al.Future Perspectives on Employee Selection:Key Directions for Future Research and Practice[J].Applied Psychology,2004,53(4):487-501.
[32]Ahire S L,Golhar D Y,Waller M A.Development and Validation of TQM Implementation Constructs[J].Decision Sciences,1996,27(1):23-56.
[33]Tenopir C,Dalton E D,Allard S,et al.Changes in Data Sharing and Data Reuse Practices and Perceptions among Scientists Worldwide[J].Plos One,2015,10(8):e0134826.
[34]Creating a Data Management Plan[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/DMP.
[35]Copyright and Ethical Use of Data[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/copyright.
[36]Funding Agency Guidelines[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/funding.
[37]Training for Researchers and Students[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/workshops.
[38]Harrtter J,Ryan S J,Machenizie C A,et al.Spatially Explicit Data:Stewardship and Ethical Challenges in Science[J].Plos Biology,2013,11(9):e1001634.
[39]Thessen A E,Patterson D J.Data Issues in the Life Sciences[J].Zookeys,2011,150(150):15-51.
[40]Macmillan D.Data Sharing and Discovery:What Librarians Need to Know[J].Journal of Academic Librarianship,2014,40(5):541-549.
[2]Erway R.Starting the Conversation:University-Wide Research Data Management Policy[J].OCLC Online Computer Library Center Inc,2013.
[3]“上海地区高校科学数据平台暨机构库研讨会”隆重举行[EB/OL].[2017-06-25].http://www.library.fudan.edu.cn/main/info/4262.htm.
[4]Piwowar H A.Who Shares?Who doesn't?Factors Aassociated with Openly Archiving Raw Research Data[J].Plos One,2011(7):e18657.
[5]周姗姗,翁苏湘,毕强,等.科学数据共享中的邻避现象及应对研究[J].图书情报工作,2015(17):84-88.
[6]张晋朝.我国高校科研人员科学数据共享意愿研究[J].情报理论与实践,2013(10):25-30.
[7]孙晓燕.科学数据共享行为的理论模型构建及测度实证研究[J].情报学报,2016(10):1062-1071.
[8]Kim J.Data Sharing and Its Implications for Academic Libraries[J].New Library World,2013,114(11/12):494-506.
[9]Federer L M,Lu Y L,JOUBERT D J,et al.Biomedical Data Sharing and Reuse:Attitudes and Practices of Clinical and Scientific Research Staff[J].Plos One,2015,10(6):e0129506.
[10]Simons J L.Barriers to Uptake and Use of Data Sharing Systems at the University of Auckland - Identification of Differences in Researcher and Academic Librarian Perceptions[R/OL].[2018-04-12]http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10063/5366/report.pdf?sequence=1.
[11]刘霞,饶艳.高校图书馆科学数据管理与服务初探——武汉大学图书馆案例分析[J].图书情报工作,2013(6):33-38.
[12]邢文明.我国科研数据管理与共享政策保障研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2014:1.
[13]张娟.基于用户需求的高校图书馆科学数据服务研究[J].图书馆学研究,2015(19):74-79.
[14]吴丹,陈晶.我国医学从业者科学数据共享行为调查研究[J].图书情报工作,2015(18):30-39.
[15]张静蓓,吕俊生,田野.国外数据共享行为影响因素研究综述[J].图书情报工作,2014(4):136-142.
[16]傅天珍,郑江平.国外面向科研人员的科学数据共享探析[J].图书馆论坛,2015(2):76-81.
[17]Abrizah A,Hilmi M,Kassim N A.Resource-Sharing Through an Inter-Institutional Repository[J].Electronic Library,2015,33(4):730-748.
[18]Kim Y,Adler M.Social Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors:Investigating the Roles of Individual Mmotivations,Institutional Pressures,and Data Repositories[J].International Journal of Information Management,2015,35(4):408-418.
[19]Alikhan S E,Harris L W,Gold E R.Motivating Participation in Open Science by Examining Researcher Incentives[J].Elife,2017(6):1-12.
[20]Borgman C L.The Conundrum of Sharing Research Data[J].New Technology of Library & Information Service,2013,63(6):1059-1078.
[21]Sawage C J,Vickers A J.Empirical Study of Data Sharing by Authors Publishing in PLoS Journals[J].Plos One,2009(9):e7078.
[22]Campbell E G,Clarridge B R,Gokale M,et al.Data Withholding in Academic Genetics:Evidence from a National Survey.[J].Jama,2002(4):473-480.
[23]Sedberry G R,Fautin D G,Feldman M,et al.OBIS-USA:A Data-Sharing Legacy of the Census of Marine Life[J].Oceanography,2011(2):166-173.
[24]Campbell E G,Bendavid E.Data-Sharing and Data-Withholding in Genetics and the Life Sciences:Rresults of a National Survey of Technology Transfer Officers[J].Journal of Health Sare Law & Policy,2003(2):241-255.
[25]Wicherts J M,Bakker M,Molenaar D.Willingness to Share Research Data Is Related to the Strength of The Evidence and the Quality of Reporting of Statistical Results[J].Plos One,2011(11):e26828.
[26]Haas M R,Park S.To Share or not to Share?Professional Norms,Reference Groups,and Information Withholding among Life Scientists[J].Organization Science,2010(4):873-891.
[27]孙跃.产业集群知识员工离职感知风险对离职意愿影响研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.
[28]Cunningham,Scott M.Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior[M].Donald F.Cox(Ed.),Boston:Harvard University,1967:82-108.
[29]Bentler P M,Chou C P.Practical Issues in Structural Modeling[J].Sociological Methods & Research,1987,16(1):78-117.
[30]吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务 SPSS操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010:205.
[31]Anderson N,Lievens F,Van Dam K,et al.Future Perspectives on Employee Selection:Key Directions for Future Research and Practice[J].Applied Psychology,2004,53(4):487-501.
[32]Ahire S L,Golhar D Y,Waller M A.Development and Validation of TQM Implementation Constructs[J].Decision Sciences,1996,27(1):23-56.
[33]Tenopir C,Dalton E D,Allard S,et al.Changes in Data Sharing and Data Reuse Practices and Perceptions among Scientists Worldwide[J].Plos One,2015,10(8):e0134826.
[34]Creating a Data Management Plan[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/DMP.
[35]Copyright and Ethical Use of Data[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/copyright.
[36]Funding Agency Guidelines[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/funding.
[37]Training for Researchers and Students[EB/OL].[2018-04-10].https://www.lib.umn.edu/datamanagement/workshops.
[38]Harrtter J,Ryan S J,Machenizie C A,et al.Spatially Explicit Data:Stewardship and Ethical Challenges in Science[J].Plos Biology,2013,11(9):e1001634.
[39]Thessen A E,Patterson D J.Data Issues in the Life Sciences[J].Zookeys,2011,150(150):15-51.
[40]Macmillan D.Data Sharing and Discovery:What Librarians Need to Know[J].Journal of Academic Librarianship,2014,40(5):541-549.