开缝叶片技术的研究及应用
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摘要
相对于常规叶片,开缝叶片技术能抑制叶片上的流动分离,增加升力减小阻力,这种技术综合了分流叶片和边界层吹气两种技术的特点。综述了开缝叶片的原理和结构形式,主要有叶片的弦向开缝和横向开缝,介绍了不同开缝方案具体参数的设置,揭示了具体的开缝位置和开缝的几何形状与尺寸对叶片性能的影响。阐述了开缝叶片的优点以及开缝叶片技术在压气机、风力机中的应用。开缝叶片技术对改善垂直轴风力机的启动性能,提高其风能利用率具有指导意义。
Compared with the conventional blade,flow separation were suppressed,lift were increased and drag were decreased by the technology of slotted blade,and this technology combines separated blades and blowig boundary layer.The theory and structure form of the slotted blade were reviewed,mainly about the chordwise slot and the cross slot.The specific parameter setting of different slit plan were also introduced.The specific slotted position and slotted geometric shape and size had an effect on the properties of blade.In addition,the advantages of the slotted blade and the application of the slotted blade in the compressor and wind turbine were described.The technology of slotted blade has a guiding significance of improving the starting performance and increasing the power coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine.
Compared with the conventional blade,flow separation were suppressed,lift were increased and drag were decreased by the technology of slotted blade,and this technology combines separated blades and blowig boundary layer.The theory and structure form of the slotted blade were reviewed,mainly about the chordwise slot and the cross slot.The specific parameter setting of different slit plan were also introduced.The specific slotted position and slotted geometric shape and size had an effect on the properties of blade.In addition,the advantages of the slotted blade and the application of the slotted blade in the compressor and wind turbine were described.The technology of slotted blade has a guiding significance of improving the starting performance and increasing the power coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine.
引文
[1]Bbadebo S A,Cumpsty N A,Hynes T P.Three-dimensional separations in axial compressors[J].ASME Journal of Turbo Machinery,2005,127(2):331-339.
[2]宋彦萍,陈焕龙,陈浮.扩压叶栅中采用带切向孔的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(S1):105-108.(Song Yan-ping,Chen Huan-long,Chen Fu.Research of tangential hole used in a diffusion cascade[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2007,28(S1):105-108.)
[3]黄东涛,边晓东,唐旭东.长短叶片开缝技术在离心风机设计中的应用[J].清华大学学报,1999,39(4):6-9.(Huang Dong-tao,Bian Xiao-long,Tang Xu-dong.Application of the length of blade slitting technology in centrifugal fan design[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,1999,33(4):6-9.)
[4]刘飞.低速轴流压气机中流动分离的定常与非定常控制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2008.(LiuFei.Low-speedaxial compressor steady and unsteady flow separation control research[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2008.)
[5]杨科,王会社,徐建中.开缝式风力机静态失速特性的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(1):105-108.(YangKe,WangHui-she,XuJian-zhong.Theslittypewind turbine static stall characteristics research[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2008,29(1):105-108.)
[6]刘飞,石汇林,吴克启.叶片弦向开缝抑制分离的数值分析[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(S1):145-148.(Liu Fei,Shi Hui-lin,Wu Ke-qi.Leaf blade chord to slit separation inhibition of numerical analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2007,28(S1):145-148.)
[7]郭明,郑晓宇,周盛.BVF在吹气控制压气机叶栅分离流中的应用[J].航空动力学报,2008,23(8):1498-1503.(Guo Ming,Zheng Xiao-yu,Zhou-sheng.The application of BVF in blowing air compressor cascade control separated flow[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2008,23(8):1498-1503.)
[8]Peacock R.E.,Flow Control in the Corners of Cascades,Aeronautical Research Council[J].ARC Paper No.27291,1965.
[9]Kerrebrock J.L.,Reijnen D.P.,Ziminsky W.S.Aspirated Compressors[J].ASME Paper 97-GB-525,1997.
[10]RaghumathanS.,CooperR.K.,PassiveBoundary Layer Control With Slots in Short Diffusers[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2000,122(1):177-179.
[11]李景银,田华,牛子宁.叶片开缝的离心风机流场研究[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(12):2028-2030.(Li Jing-yin,Tian Hua,Niu Zi-ning.Leaf blade slit centrifugal fan flow field study[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2009,30(12):2028-2030.)
[12]邢纲.开缝叶片离心叶轮内流场的数值研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.(Xing Gang.Slotted numerical studies of the flow field centrifugal impeller blades[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.)
[13]白尨,金海良,金东海.抽吸气对高负荷跨声双级风扇裕度影响的数值研究[J].燃气涡轮试验与研究,2012,25(2):12-17.(Bai Mang,Jin Hai-liang,Jin Dong-hai.The numerical study of the influence of smoke inhalation high load transonic two-stage fan margin affect[J].Journal of Gas Turbine Test and Research,2012,25(2):12-17.)
[14]王毅,卢新根,赵胜丰.高负荷离心压气机扩压器叶片前缘结构分析[J].推进技术,2011,32(02):175-181.(WangYi,LuXin-gen,ZhaoSheng-feng.Highloadcentrifugalcompressor diffuser blade leading edge structure analysis[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2011,32(2):175-181.)
[15]王虎彬,徐志晖,杨波.被动喷气襟翼对风力机性能影响的实验研究[J].沈阳航空航天大学学报,2012,29(05):6-9.(Wang Hu-bin,Xu Zhi-hui,Yang Bo.The experimental study of the influence of passive jet flap on the wind turbine performance[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012,29(5):6-9.)
[16]刘竹青,王德辉,王福军.一种风力机叶片:中国,201010230073.1[P].2010-11-24.(Liu Zhu-qing,Wang De-hui,Wang Fu-jun.A wind turbine blade:China,201010230073.1[P].2010-11-24.)
[17]Mazharul Islam,M.Ruhul Amin,David S-K.Ting.Performance Analysis of a Smaller Capacity Straight-bladed VAWT with Prospective Airfoils[J].AmericanInstituteofAeronauticsandAstronautics,2008:1-17.
[18]J.Kjellin,F.Bülow,S.Eriksson.Power coefficient measurement on a 12kW straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine[J].Renewable Energy,2011(36):3050-3053.
[19]Mazharul Islam,David S-K.Ting,Amir Fartaj.Aerodynamic models for Darrieus-type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2008,12(4):1087-1109.
[20]Mazharul Islam,David S-K.Ting,Amir Fartaj.Desirable airfoil features for smaller-capacity straight-bladed VAWT[J].Wind Engineering,2007,31(3):165-196.
[2]宋彦萍,陈焕龙,陈浮.扩压叶栅中采用带切向孔的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(S1):105-108.(Song Yan-ping,Chen Huan-long,Chen Fu.Research of tangential hole used in a diffusion cascade[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2007,28(S1):105-108.)
[3]黄东涛,边晓东,唐旭东.长短叶片开缝技术在离心风机设计中的应用[J].清华大学学报,1999,39(4):6-9.(Huang Dong-tao,Bian Xiao-long,Tang Xu-dong.Application of the length of blade slitting technology in centrifugal fan design[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,1999,33(4):6-9.)
[4]刘飞.低速轴流压气机中流动分离的定常与非定常控制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2008.(LiuFei.Low-speedaxial compressor steady and unsteady flow separation control research[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2008.)
[5]杨科,王会社,徐建中.开缝式风力机静态失速特性的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(1):105-108.(YangKe,WangHui-she,XuJian-zhong.Theslittypewind turbine static stall characteristics research[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2008,29(1):105-108.)
[6]刘飞,石汇林,吴克启.叶片弦向开缝抑制分离的数值分析[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(S1):145-148.(Liu Fei,Shi Hui-lin,Wu Ke-qi.Leaf blade chord to slit separation inhibition of numerical analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2007,28(S1):145-148.)
[7]郭明,郑晓宇,周盛.BVF在吹气控制压气机叶栅分离流中的应用[J].航空动力学报,2008,23(8):1498-1503.(Guo Ming,Zheng Xiao-yu,Zhou-sheng.The application of BVF in blowing air compressor cascade control separated flow[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2008,23(8):1498-1503.)
[8]Peacock R.E.,Flow Control in the Corners of Cascades,Aeronautical Research Council[J].ARC Paper No.27291,1965.
[9]Kerrebrock J.L.,Reijnen D.P.,Ziminsky W.S.Aspirated Compressors[J].ASME Paper 97-GB-525,1997.
[10]RaghumathanS.,CooperR.K.,PassiveBoundary Layer Control With Slots in Short Diffusers[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2000,122(1):177-179.
[11]李景银,田华,牛子宁.叶片开缝的离心风机流场研究[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(12):2028-2030.(Li Jing-yin,Tian Hua,Niu Zi-ning.Leaf blade slit centrifugal fan flow field study[J].Journal of Engineering Thermal Physics,2009,30(12):2028-2030.)
[12]邢纲.开缝叶片离心叶轮内流场的数值研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.(Xing Gang.Slotted numerical studies of the flow field centrifugal impeller blades[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2008.)
[13]白尨,金海良,金东海.抽吸气对高负荷跨声双级风扇裕度影响的数值研究[J].燃气涡轮试验与研究,2012,25(2):12-17.(Bai Mang,Jin Hai-liang,Jin Dong-hai.The numerical study of the influence of smoke inhalation high load transonic two-stage fan margin affect[J].Journal of Gas Turbine Test and Research,2012,25(2):12-17.)
[14]王毅,卢新根,赵胜丰.高负荷离心压气机扩压器叶片前缘结构分析[J].推进技术,2011,32(02):175-181.(WangYi,LuXin-gen,ZhaoSheng-feng.Highloadcentrifugalcompressor diffuser blade leading edge structure analysis[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2011,32(2):175-181.)
[15]王虎彬,徐志晖,杨波.被动喷气襟翼对风力机性能影响的实验研究[J].沈阳航空航天大学学报,2012,29(05):6-9.(Wang Hu-bin,Xu Zhi-hui,Yang Bo.The experimental study of the influence of passive jet flap on the wind turbine performance[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012,29(5):6-9.)
[16]刘竹青,王德辉,王福军.一种风力机叶片:中国,201010230073.1[P].2010-11-24.(Liu Zhu-qing,Wang De-hui,Wang Fu-jun.A wind turbine blade:China,201010230073.1[P].2010-11-24.)
[17]Mazharul Islam,M.Ruhul Amin,David S-K.Ting.Performance Analysis of a Smaller Capacity Straight-bladed VAWT with Prospective Airfoils[J].AmericanInstituteofAeronauticsandAstronautics,2008:1-17.
[18]J.Kjellin,F.Bülow,S.Eriksson.Power coefficient measurement on a 12kW straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine[J].Renewable Energy,2011(36):3050-3053.
[19]Mazharul Islam,David S-K.Ting,Amir Fartaj.Aerodynamic models for Darrieus-type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2008,12(4):1087-1109.
[20]Mazharul Islam,David S-K.Ting,Amir Fartaj.Desirable airfoil features for smaller-capacity straight-bladed VAWT[J].Wind Engineering,2007,31(3):165-196.