基于双层规划的市郊轨道交通多交路快慢车开行方案优化研究
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摘要
由于市郊客流在时空分布上存在不均衡的特点,单一交路、站站停列车不能很好地满足客流需求,因此根据市郊客流特点研究不同停站方案(如快慢车)、开行区段(如大小区段)组合的列车开行方案具有重要意义.本文在分析乘客出行广义费用的基础上,充分考虑列车开行方案与乘客选择之间的主从博弈关系,建立了市郊线路多交路快慢车开行方案的双层规划模型,并设计了遗传—模拟退火优化算法进行求解.在算例研究中,针对某一具体市郊线路,对结合大小交路、快慢车的列车开行方案进行优化,求解得出相对于传统的单一交路、站站停开行模式,多交路快慢车结合的开行方案使乘客的总旅行时间和企业运营成本分别降低了2.25%和9.25%,验证了本文模型和算法的实用性.
Due to the uneven temporal and spatial distribution of passenger flow, the train plan that stops at every station and runs along the entire line cannot well meet passenger flow demand. Therefore, according to the characteristics of passenger flow in suburban rail transit, a research on the train plan that combines full-length &short-turn routing with express-local modes is of great significance. Based on the analysis of passengers' transfer behavior and generalized travel cost, this paper gives a full consideration of the master-slave game relationship between the train plan and passengers route choice, and then puts forward a bi-level programming model to obtain the train plan that aimed at solving the spatial disequilibrium of demand and eventually increase the line's capacity and service quality. In the case study, taking a specific suburban line as a numerical example, the train plan combined with multi-routing and express-local modes is obtained. Result shows that compared with traditional train plan with single-routing and local modes, the multi-routing and express-local modes have made the passengers' traveling time and enterprise's operation cost reduced by 2.25% and 9.25%, respectively. The model and the algorithm are proved effective.
Due to the uneven temporal and spatial distribution of passenger flow, the train plan that stops at every station and runs along the entire line cannot well meet passenger flow demand. Therefore, according to the characteristics of passenger flow in suburban rail transit, a research on the train plan that combines full-length &short-turn routing with express-local modes is of great significance. Based on the analysis of passengers' transfer behavior and generalized travel cost, this paper gives a full consideration of the master-slave game relationship between the train plan and passengers route choice, and then puts forward a bi-level programming model to obtain the train plan that aimed at solving the spatial disequilibrium of demand and eventually increase the line's capacity and service quality. In the case study, taking a specific suburban line as a numerical example, the train plan combined with multi-routing and express-local modes is obtained. Result shows that compared with traditional train plan with single-routing and local modes, the multi-routing and express-local modes have made the passengers' traveling time and enterprise's operation cost reduced by 2.25% and 9.25%, respectively. The model and the algorithm are proved effective.
引文
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[11]魏国静.城市轨道交通线路列车长短交路设置方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2013.[WEI G J.Nested train routing setting method of urban rail transit line[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2013.]
[12]四兵锋,毛保华,刘智丽.无缝换乘条件下城市轨道交通网络客流分配模型及算法[J].铁道学报,2007,29(6):12-18.[SI B F,MAO B H,LIU Z L.Passenger flow assignment model and algorithm for urban railway traffic network under the condition of seamless transfer[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2007,29(6):12-18.]
[2]SITE P D,FILIPPI F.Service optimization for bus corridors with short-turn strategies and variable vehicle size[J].Transportation Research Part A Policy&Practice,1998,32(1):19-38.
[3]SUH W,CHON K S,RHEE S M.Effect of skip-stop policy on a korean subway system[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2002,1793(1):33-39.
[4]NESHELI M M,CEDER A,LIU T.A robust,tacticbased,real-time framework for public-transpor transfer synchronization[J].Transportation Research Part C,2015,60(11):105-123.
[5]ULUSOY Y Y,CHIEN I J,WEI C H.Optimal all-stop short-turn,and express transit services under heterogeneous demand[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board2010,2197(-1):8-18.
[6]王媛媛,倪少权.城市轨道交通大小交路模式列车开行方案的优化[J].铁道学报,2013,35(7):1-8[WANG Y Y,NI S Q.Optimization of train schedules o full-length&short-turn operation modes in urban rai transit[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,201335(7):1-8.]
[7]邓连波,曾强,等.基于弹性需求的城市轨道交通列车开行方案研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(12):16-25[DENG L B,ZENG Q,et al.Research on train plan o urban rail transit with elastic demand[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(12):16-25.]
[8]许得杰,毛保华,雷莲桂,等.城市轨道交通大小交路列车开行方案优化研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2017,17(1):120-126.[XU D J,MAO B H,LEI L Get al.Optimization for train plan of full-length and short-turn routing in urban rail transit[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2017,17(1):120-126.]
[9]毛保华,刘明君,黄荣,等.轨道交通网络化运营组织理论与关键技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.[MAOB H,LIU M J,HUANG R,et al.Operational theories and key technologies of rail transit networks[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.]
[10]DENG L B,ZENG Q,GAO W,et al.Optimizing train plan for urban rail transit with multi-routing mode[J].Journal of Modern Transportation,2011,19(4):234-239.
[11]魏国静.城市轨道交通线路列车长短交路设置方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2013.[WEI G J.Nested train routing setting method of urban rail transit line[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2013.]
[12]四兵锋,毛保华,刘智丽.无缝换乘条件下城市轨道交通网络客流分配模型及算法[J].铁道学报,2007,29(6):12-18.[SI B F,MAO B H,LIU Z L.Passenger flow assignment model and algorithm for urban railway traffic network under the condition of seamless transfer[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2007,29(6):12-18.]