不同密度青蛤养殖塘异养细菌和弧菌的数量变化
|
摘要
研究了青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)养殖环境中异养细菌数量和弧菌数量的动态变化,以探讨其与养殖密度的相关性和样本间相关性。结果表明:实验周期内各养殖塘水体中异养细菌总数呈现不同的变化趋势且差异不显著(P> 0. 05),而弧菌数量变化趋势较为一致,9月份与其他月份水样中弧菌数量差异较为显著(P<0. 05)。各塘底泥中异养细菌总数变化和弧菌数量变化差异均不显著,而不同密度养殖塘底泥中弧菌数量变化差异显著(P <0. 05)。不同采样时间同一塘的青蛤腔液异养细菌总数差异极显著(P <0. 01),而弧菌数量差异较为显著(P <0. 05)。样本间、样本与养殖密度间相关性分析发现,水体中异养细菌总数变化与弧菌数量变化呈显著正相关(r=0. 335,P <0. 05);底泥中异养细菌总数变化与弧菌数量变化呈正相关且相关性极显著(r=0. 587,P <0. 01);底泥和水体中异养细菌总数和弧菌数量变化与养殖密度相关性均不显著(P>0. 05);青蛤腔液异养细菌总数变化与养殖密度相关性极显著(r=-0. 189,P <0. 01),弧菌数量变化与养殖密度相关性极显著(r=-0. 123,P <0. 01)。
To study the association between the dynamics of heterotrophic bacteria and the density of rearing Cyclina sinensis,and to provide the basis information to assessment and predict the mariculture pond environment,heterotrophic bacteria of rearing water,sediment and Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid were collected from May to December in Wenling seashore,Zhejiang. The results showed that the quantity dynamics of Vibrio in rearing water were significantly different among ponds( P < 0. 05),but the quantity dynamics of heterotrophic bacteria were not. In addition,no significant differences were observed in heterotrophic bacteria number in sediment among ponds,but the changes of Vibrio number presented significant differences between different ponds( P < 0. 05). Significant difference of heterotrophic bacteria quantity were observed in Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid among samples from the same pond but col-lected at different time( P < 0. 01),and similar results was observed in the Vibrio quantity( P < 0. 05). The changes of heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio number in water showed a significant positively correlation( r = 0. 335,P <0. 05),while they showed a significant positively correlation( r = 0. 587,P < 0. 01) in sediment samples; but there were no significant correlation between culture density and heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio in water and sediment;Culture density and the changes of heterotrophic bacteria number in Cyclina sinensis showed a significant negative correlation( r =-0. 189,P < 0. 01),and culture density and the changes of Vibrio number in Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid showed a significant negative correlation( r =-0. 123,P < 0. 01).
To study the association between the dynamics of heterotrophic bacteria and the density of rearing Cyclina sinensis,and to provide the basis information to assessment and predict the mariculture pond environment,heterotrophic bacteria of rearing water,sediment and Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid were collected from May to December in Wenling seashore,Zhejiang. The results showed that the quantity dynamics of Vibrio in rearing water were significantly different among ponds( P < 0. 05),but the quantity dynamics of heterotrophic bacteria were not. In addition,no significant differences were observed in heterotrophic bacteria number in sediment among ponds,but the changes of Vibrio number presented significant differences between different ponds( P < 0. 05). Significant difference of heterotrophic bacteria quantity were observed in Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid among samples from the same pond but col-lected at different time( P < 0. 01),and similar results was observed in the Vibrio quantity( P < 0. 05). The changes of heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio number in water showed a significant positively correlation( r = 0. 335,P <0. 05),while they showed a significant positively correlation( r = 0. 587,P < 0. 01) in sediment samples; but there were no significant correlation between culture density and heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrio in water and sediment;Culture density and the changes of heterotrophic bacteria number in Cyclina sinensis showed a significant negative correlation( r =-0. 189,P < 0. 01),and culture density and the changes of Vibrio number in Cyclina sinensis cavity fluid showed a significant negative correlation( r =-0. 123,P < 0. 01).
引文
[1]周琳,于业绍,顾润润,等.青蛤人工育苗及增养殖的研究[J].中国水产科学,2000,7(1):73-77.ZHOU L,YU Y S,GU R R,et al. Artificial seed culture and propagation of venus clam,Cyclina sinensis[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2000,7(1):73-77.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] LIU W,MA Y,HU S,et al. Rearing Venus clam seeds,Cyclina sinensis(Gmelin),on a commercial scale[J]. Aquaculture,2002,211(1/4):109-114.
[3]曹华.贝类养殖技术之三:沿海滩涂青蛤死亡原因及对策[J].中国水产,2004(4):57-58.CAO H. Cause and counterplan of Cyclina sinensis death in draw along the sea beach[J]. China Fisheries,2004(4):57-58.(in Chinese)
[4]莫永凯.江苏沿海地区青蛤高密度养殖死亡案例分析及防治措施[J].中国水产,2010(7):60-61.MO Y K. The analysis and prevention measures of high-density breeding Cyclina sinensis death case in Jiangsu coastal[J].China Fisheries,2010(7):60-61.(in Chinese)
[5]李凯,王国良.温州青蛤死亡原因分析及防控对策[J].科学养鱼,2013(10):54-56.LI K,WANG G L. The analysis and prevention measures of Cyclina sinensis death cause in Wenzhou[J]. Scientific Fish Farming,2013(10):54-56.(in Chinese)
[6] WEISSE T,MACISAAC E. Significance and fate of bacterial production in oligotrophic lakes in British Columbia[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2000,57(1):96-105.
[7] GROSSART H P,SIMON M. Bacterioplankton dynamics in the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea in early spring[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,2002,239:263-276.
[8] GONZALEZ N,ANADON R,VIESCA L. Carbon flux through the microbial community in a temperate sea during summer:role of bacterial metabolism[J]. Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2003,33(2):117-126.
[9] WANG R X,WANG A,WANG J Y. Antibiotic resistance monitoring in heterotrophic bacteria from anthropogenic-polluted seawater and the intestines of oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,109(109C):27-31.
[10]王伟良,李德尚,董双林,等.养虾围隔中无机氮浓度与放养密度及环境因子的关系[J].海洋科学,1997,24(10):44-47.WANG W L,LI D S,DONG S L,et al. Relationships of inorganic nitrogen with stocking densities of cultured animals and environmental factors in the shrimp culturing enclosures[J]. Marine Sciences,1997,24(10):44-47.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] MA Y,WANG L,QIAN L. Community structure ofβ-Proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in prawn farm sediment[J]. Progress in Natural Science,2008,18(6):679-684.
[12] LI Q F,ZHANG Y,JUCK D,et al. Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial communities in the shrimp and sea cucumber aquaculture environment in northern China by culturing and PCRDGGE[J]. Aquaculture International,2010,18(6):977-990.
[13]薛超波,王建跃,王世意,等.大黄鱼养殖网箱内外细菌的数量分布及区系组成[J].中国微生态学杂志,2005,17(5):336-338.XUE C B,WANG J Y,WANG S Y,et al. The quantitative distribution and the microbial flora of bacteria in the water nearby the marine cage[J]. Chinese Journal of Microecology,2005,17(5):336-338.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]邓霏,鄢庆枇,黄伟卿,等.大黄鱼网箱养殖水体的细菌群落结构[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(6):1277-1288.DENG F,YAN Q P,HUANG W Q,et al. Bacterial composition in large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)culture water[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(6):1277-1288.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]廖红芳,郑忠明,丁露露,等.象山港大黄鱼网箱养殖区及邻近海域沉积物中异养细菌生态分布[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(6):1308-1316.LIAO H F,ZHENG Z M,DING L L,et al. Bacterial ecological distribution in sediment of a yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea)cage farm and adjacent sites in xiangshan bay[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2014,45(6):1308-1316.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]马英,关瑞章,汪琳,等.九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)育苗期养殖水体细菌的群落结构[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2009,38(5):526-531.MA Y,GUAN R Z,WANG L,et al. Community structure of bacteria in abalone farm pond water during seed breeding of Haliotis diversicolor supertexta[J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Naturnal Science Edition),2009,38(5):526-531.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]关晓燕,周遵春,陈仲,等.应用PCR-DGGE指纹技术分析高温季节仿刺参养殖水环境中菌群多样性[J].海洋湖沼通报,2010(1):82-88.GUAN X Y,ZHOU Z C,CHEN Z,et al,Bacteria diversity analysis on the water of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)culture pond under high-temperature season based on PCR-DGGE fingerprint technology[J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2010(1):82-88.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]李晓龙.正常和发病刺参养殖池塘沉积环境中细菌群落变化的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2014.LI X L. Study on changes of bacterial community in sediment environment of normal and diseased Apostchopus japonicas culture ponds[D]. Baoding:Hebei Agricultural University,2014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] WANG R X,HE J,WANG J Y. Heterotrophic bacterial abundance and diversity in the farming environment and guts of the Oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis[J]. Journal of Shellfish Research,2016,35(2):343-350.
[20]刘国才,李德尚,董双林.对虾综合养殖围隔中浮游细菌生产力的研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(1):124-128.LIU G C,LI D S,DONG S L. A study on bacterioplankton productivity of experimental shrimp polyculture enclosures[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000,20(1):124-128.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]贾俊涛,吕艳,李筠.对虾围隔生态系底泥中细菌数量动态研究[J].动物医学进展,2003,24(4):76-78.JIA J T,LYU Y,LI Y. The quantity dynamics of bacteria in the sediment of shrimp pond[J]. Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2003,24(4):76-78.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]王斌,王翔,王莉明.我国主要养殖贝类微生物性疾病研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2002,21(3):76-80.WANG B,WANG X,WANG L M. Advances in microbe diseases of reared shellfish in China[J]. Marine Environmental Science,2002,21(3):76-80.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] WEGNER K M,VOLKENBORN N,PETER H,et al. Disturbance induced decoupling between host genetics and composition of the associated microbiome[J]. BMC Microbiology,2013,13(1):252.
[2] LIU W,MA Y,HU S,et al. Rearing Venus clam seeds,Cyclina sinensis(Gmelin),on a commercial scale[J]. Aquaculture,2002,211(1/4):109-114.
[3]曹华.贝类养殖技术之三:沿海滩涂青蛤死亡原因及对策[J].中国水产,2004(4):57-58.CAO H. Cause and counterplan of Cyclina sinensis death in draw along the sea beach[J]. China Fisheries,2004(4):57-58.(in Chinese)
[4]莫永凯.江苏沿海地区青蛤高密度养殖死亡案例分析及防治措施[J].中国水产,2010(7):60-61.MO Y K. The analysis and prevention measures of high-density breeding Cyclina sinensis death case in Jiangsu coastal[J].China Fisheries,2010(7):60-61.(in Chinese)
[5]李凯,王国良.温州青蛤死亡原因分析及防控对策[J].科学养鱼,2013(10):54-56.LI K,WANG G L. The analysis and prevention measures of Cyclina sinensis death cause in Wenzhou[J]. Scientific Fish Farming,2013(10):54-56.(in Chinese)
[6] WEISSE T,MACISAAC E. Significance and fate of bacterial production in oligotrophic lakes in British Columbia[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2000,57(1):96-105.
[7] GROSSART H P,SIMON M. Bacterioplankton dynamics in the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea in early spring[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,2002,239:263-276.
[8] GONZALEZ N,ANADON R,VIESCA L. Carbon flux through the microbial community in a temperate sea during summer:role of bacterial metabolism[J]. Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2003,33(2):117-126.
[9] WANG R X,WANG A,WANG J Y. Antibiotic resistance monitoring in heterotrophic bacteria from anthropogenic-polluted seawater and the intestines of oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2014,109(109C):27-31.
[10]王伟良,李德尚,董双林,等.养虾围隔中无机氮浓度与放养密度及环境因子的关系[J].海洋科学,1997,24(10):44-47.WANG W L,LI D S,DONG S L,et al. Relationships of inorganic nitrogen with stocking densities of cultured animals and environmental factors in the shrimp culturing enclosures[J]. Marine Sciences,1997,24(10):44-47.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] MA Y,WANG L,QIAN L. Community structure ofβ-Proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in prawn farm sediment[J]. Progress in Natural Science,2008,18(6):679-684.
[12] LI Q F,ZHANG Y,JUCK D,et al. Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial communities in the shrimp and sea cucumber aquaculture environment in northern China by culturing and PCRDGGE[J]. Aquaculture International,2010,18(6):977-990.
[13]薛超波,王建跃,王世意,等.大黄鱼养殖网箱内外细菌的数量分布及区系组成[J].中国微生态学杂志,2005,17(5):336-338.XUE C B,WANG J Y,WANG S Y,et al. The quantitative distribution and the microbial flora of bacteria in the water nearby the marine cage[J]. Chinese Journal of Microecology,2005,17(5):336-338.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]邓霏,鄢庆枇,黄伟卿,等.大黄鱼网箱养殖水体的细菌群落结构[J].中国水产科学,2014,21(6):1277-1288.DENG F,YAN Q P,HUANG W Q,et al. Bacterial composition in large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)culture water[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2014,21(6):1277-1288.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]廖红芳,郑忠明,丁露露,等.象山港大黄鱼网箱养殖区及邻近海域沉积物中异养细菌生态分布[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(6):1308-1316.LIAO H F,ZHENG Z M,DING L L,et al. Bacterial ecological distribution in sediment of a yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea)cage farm and adjacent sites in xiangshan bay[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2014,45(6):1308-1316.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]马英,关瑞章,汪琳,等.九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)育苗期养殖水体细菌的群落结构[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2009,38(5):526-531.MA Y,GUAN R Z,WANG L,et al. Community structure of bacteria in abalone farm pond water during seed breeding of Haliotis diversicolor supertexta[J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Naturnal Science Edition),2009,38(5):526-531.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]关晓燕,周遵春,陈仲,等.应用PCR-DGGE指纹技术分析高温季节仿刺参养殖水环境中菌群多样性[J].海洋湖沼通报,2010(1):82-88.GUAN X Y,ZHOU Z C,CHEN Z,et al,Bacteria diversity analysis on the water of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)culture pond under high-temperature season based on PCR-DGGE fingerprint technology[J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2010(1):82-88.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]李晓龙.正常和发病刺参养殖池塘沉积环境中细菌群落变化的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2014.LI X L. Study on changes of bacterial community in sediment environment of normal and diseased Apostchopus japonicas culture ponds[D]. Baoding:Hebei Agricultural University,2014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] WANG R X,HE J,WANG J Y. Heterotrophic bacterial abundance and diversity in the farming environment and guts of the Oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis[J]. Journal of Shellfish Research,2016,35(2):343-350.
[20]刘国才,李德尚,董双林.对虾综合养殖围隔中浮游细菌生产力的研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(1):124-128.LIU G C,LI D S,DONG S L. A study on bacterioplankton productivity of experimental shrimp polyculture enclosures[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000,20(1):124-128.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]贾俊涛,吕艳,李筠.对虾围隔生态系底泥中细菌数量动态研究[J].动物医学进展,2003,24(4):76-78.JIA J T,LYU Y,LI Y. The quantity dynamics of bacteria in the sediment of shrimp pond[J]. Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2003,24(4):76-78.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]王斌,王翔,王莉明.我国主要养殖贝类微生物性疾病研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2002,21(3):76-80.WANG B,WANG X,WANG L M. Advances in microbe diseases of reared shellfish in China[J]. Marine Environmental Science,2002,21(3):76-80.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23] WEGNER K M,VOLKENBORN N,PETER H,et al. Disturbance induced decoupling between host genetics and composition of the associated microbiome[J]. BMC Microbiology,2013,13(1):252.