摘要
生姜贮藏期间,异形眼蕈蚊(姜蛆)危害严重,对生姜贮藏造成极大的经济损失。研究O_2/CO_2气调对姜蛆生理代谢、生长发育的影响,并探讨O_2/CO_2气调对姜蛆的致死效应。实验设置了气体体积分数分别为100%O_2、95%O_2+5%CO_2、90%O_2+10%CO_2、85%O_2+15%CO_2和自然大气(CK)5个处理,对20℃、相对湿度85%~95%条件下姜蛆生理活性指标进行定期测定。结果表明,O_2/CO_2气调,特别是95%O_2+5%CO_2处理,能够显著抑制姜蛆生物酶活性,在处理60 h时,姜蛆的蛋白酶、多酚氧化酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性分别降低了14.7%、53.59%、72.52%、80.3%、61.63%,死亡率比初始高出96.22%,达到97.83%。90%O_2+10%CO_2处理对姜蛆控制效果稍差,但与95%O_2+5%CO_2处理之间不存在显著差异。研究结果显示,O_2/CO_2气调可作为生姜贮藏保鲜过程中控制姜蛆危害的潜在措施。
During storage of ginger,the occurrence of Pnyxia scabiei Hopkins can cause serious damage,leading to huge economic losses.In this study,we examined the effect of controlled atmospheres with varying O_2/CO_2 levels(100% O_2,95% O_2 + 5% CO_2,90% O_2 + 10% CO_2,and 85% O_2 + 15% CO_2)on the physiological metabolism,growth and development,and mortality rate of P.scabiei Hopkins.The natural atmosphere was used as control.Physiological indexes of P.scabieiHopkins were measured at regular intervals at 20 ℃ and 85%–95% humidity.The results showed that the controlled atmospheres,especially 95% O_2 + 5% CO_2,significantly reduced enzyme activities in P.scabiei Hopkins.After 60 h,compared to the control group,the activities of protease,polyphenol oxidase(PPO),acetylcholinesterase(ACh E),carboxylesterase(Car E)and glutathione-S-transferase(GSTS)were reduced by 14.7%,53.59%,72.52%,80.3% and 61.63%,respectively,and the mortality rate(97.83%)was increased by 96.22%.The effect of 90% O_2 + 10% CO_2 was slightly weaker,but showing no significant difference from the 95% O_2 + 5% CO_2 treatment.This study demonstrates that the O_2/CO_2controlled atmospheres can be a potential control measure for P.scabiei Hopkins during ginger storage.
引文
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