镍基合金与不锈钢异种金属电子束深熔焊工艺研究
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摘要
针对第三代压水堆核电站中密封壳体(奥氏体不锈钢)与贯穿件(Inconel 690镍基合金)的异种金属焊接,采用真空电子束焊开展了焊接工艺研发,通过外观检测、射线检测等确定了焊接工艺。结果表明,在镍基合金和不锈钢电子束深熔焊中,主要缺陷形式为冷隔和钉尖缺陷。焊缝中出现冷隔的主要原因在于厚壁试件焊接时金属蒸汽逸出受阻,在较快的冷却速度下留在焊缝中所致。当工作距离增加时,焊缝熔深减小,金属蒸汽逸出的行程减小,焊缝中出现冷隔缺陷的尺寸和数量也减小,当工作距离与焊接热输入搭配合适时,焊缝中的冷隔缺陷将消失。
The dissimilar metal welding of seal(ASS) and penetration assemblies(Inconel 690) has been investigated by vacuum EBW in advanced PWR nuclear power plant. After visual and radiographic inspections,it is found that the main defects of dissimilar metals welding between ASS and Inconel 690 are cold shuts and nail point. Sine the fast cooling rate and samples with thick wall,metal vapor cannot escape from the weld,resulting in cold shuts. As the working distance increases, both the weld penetration and the travel of metal vapor escape reduce,so that the size and number of cold shuts in weld decease. When the working distance matches with the welding heat input appropriately,the cold shut will disappear.
The dissimilar metal welding of seal(ASS) and penetration assemblies(Inconel 690) has been investigated by vacuum EBW in advanced PWR nuclear power plant. After visual and radiographic inspections,it is found that the main defects of dissimilar metals welding between ASS and Inconel 690 are cold shuts and nail point. Sine the fast cooling rate and samples with thick wall,metal vapor cannot escape from the weld,resulting in cold shuts. As the working distance increases, both the weld penetration and the travel of metal vapor escape reduce,so that the size and number of cold shuts in weld decease. When the working distance matches with the welding heat input appropriately,the cold shut will disappear.
引文
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[4]蔡闰生,任华友,袁生平,等.电子束焊链状气孔与钉尖缺陷的判别[J].无损探伤,2013,37(5):24-26.
[5]石铭霄,张秉刚,马纪龙,等.钛合金电子束深熔焊钉尖缺陷形成的影响因素[J].焊接学报,2012,33(12):53-56.