量子不确定关系中不确定度的不确定性
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摘要
不确定关系是量子物理中的一个重要内容,如何在较少学时的理工科非物理专业大学物理课程中简洁地讲授这部分内容具有很大的挑战性.本文从给理工科非物理专业学生讲授量子不确定关系时所遇到的一些问题和解决办法入手,给出了不确定关系的几种引入方案,以求从不同的角度加深对不确定关系的理解.抛砖引玉,期望这能够给教师同仁们一些启迪.
The uncertainty relationship is an important part of quantum physics theory. It is not easy to explain this part well in the college physics course in a limited period of time. Firstly,some problems and their solutions of the uncertainty relation encountered in the lecture are introduced. Then several introductions of the uncertainty relationship are given in order to deepen the understanding of the uncertainty relationship from different perspectives.
The uncertainty relationship is an important part of quantum physics theory. It is not easy to explain this part well in the college physics course in a limited period of time. Firstly,some problems and their solutions of the uncertainty relation encountered in the lecture are introduced. Then several introductions of the uncertainty relationship are given in order to deepen the understanding of the uncertainty relationship from different perspectives.
引文
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[12]Folland G,Sitaram A.The uncertainty Principle:AMathematical Survey[J].The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications,1997,3:207.
[13]惠和兴.同时测量和不确定关系[J].大学物理,1992,11(2):15.
[14]Giovannetti V.et.al.Advances in Quantum Metrology[J].Nature Photonics,2011,5:222.
[2]Heisenberg W.Uber den anschaulichen inhalt der quantentheoretischen Kinematik und Mechanik[J].Z Phydik,1927,43:172.
[3]Heisenberg W.The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory[M].New York:Dover,1930:Chap.2.
[4]Wichmann E H.Quantum physics,Berkeley Physics Course-Volume 4[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.
[5]胡海云,缪劲松,冯艳全,等.大学物理(第四卷)近代物理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2016.
[6]Robertson H P.The Uncertainty Principle[J].Phys Rev,1929,34:163.
[7]Uffink J B,Hilgevoord J.Uncertainty Principle and Uncertainty Relations[J].Foundations of physics,1985,15:925.
[8]Griffiths D J.Introduction to quantum Mechanics[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[9]曾谨言.量子力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
[10]Lloyd S.Ultimate physical limits to computation[J].Nature,2000,406:1047.
[11]Frey M R.Quantum speed limits-Primer,Perspectives,and porential future directions[J].Quantum Inf Process,2016,15:3919.
[12]Folland G,Sitaram A.The uncertainty Principle:AMathematical Survey[J].The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications,1997,3:207.
[13]惠和兴.同时测量和不确定关系[J].大学物理,1992,11(2):15.
[14]Giovannetti V.et.al.Advances in Quantum Metrology[J].Nature Photonics,2011,5:222.