论“本有其字”的假借
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摘要
假借分为本无其字的"六书"假借和"本有其字"的假借两种。对"本字"的理解各家有不同的看法,有人认为本字即专造本字或是经常用来表示某词的常用字,对本字的多种不同理解使许多假借现象得不到准确的解释。本字应该包括专造本字和专借本字。本有其字的假借,许多人认为即"通假",这是未弄清通假本质所得出的结论。"本有其字"的假借应该从记词职能是否转移分为"通假字"和"古今字"两类,根据"通假字"和"古今字"的本质特征可以正确分析古书用字现象。
The borrowed phenomenon is divided into the borrowed of "Liu Shu"and borrowed of"having original word"two kinds.There are different views on the understanding of "this original word",some people think that this word is made exclusively or often used,these views make many borrowing phenomenon can't be explained. The original word should include the word "specially made"and the word"borrowed". Many people think the original word is"Tong Jia",that is false,which is the conclusion of not knowing the nature of it. The borrowed of"having original word"should be classified into two categories The word of"Tong jia"and"Gu Jin"from the transform of function of recording words or not. According to the essential characteristics of the word of "TongJia"and "GuJin",the phenomenon of characters used in ancient books can be correctly analyzed.
The borrowed phenomenon is divided into the borrowed of "Liu Shu"and borrowed of"having original word"two kinds.There are different views on the understanding of "this original word",some people think that this word is made exclusively or often used,these views make many borrowing phenomenon can't be explained. The original word should include the word "specially made"and the word"borrowed". Many people think the original word is"Tong Jia",that is false,which is the conclusion of not knowing the nature of it. The borrowed of"having original word"should be classified into two categories The word of"Tong jia"and"Gu Jin"from the transform of function of recording words or not. According to the essential characteristics of the word of "TongJia"and "GuJin",the phenomenon of characters used in ancient books can be correctly analyzed.
引文
[1]刘忠华.古代语言文字探索[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2008.
[2]赵克勤.古代汉语词汇学[M].北京:商务印书馆,2017.
[3]徐莉莉.论“假借”与“通假”[J].天津师范大学学报(社会科学版),2002(5).
[4]张双棣.论假借[J].辞书研究,1980(2).
[5]李运富.论汉字的记录职能[J].徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(2).
[6]刘忠华,张军.论三种不同性质的假借及古今字与通假字的区别[J].陕西理工学院学报(社会科学版),2016(1).
[7]陆锡兴.通假字管见[J].辞书研究,1981(3).
[8]盛九畴.通假字再议[J].辞书研究,1982(5).
[2]赵克勤.古代汉语词汇学[M].北京:商务印书馆,2017.
[3]徐莉莉.论“假借”与“通假”[J].天津师范大学学报(社会科学版),2002(5).
[4]张双棣.论假借[J].辞书研究,1980(2).
[5]李运富.论汉字的记录职能[J].徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(2).
[6]刘忠华,张军.论三种不同性质的假借及古今字与通假字的区别[J].陕西理工学院学报(社会科学版),2016(1).
[7]陆锡兴.通假字管见[J].辞书研究,1981(3).
[8]盛九畴.通假字再议[J].辞书研究,1982(5).