摘要
竹柳(Salix fragilis)具有较强的抗逆性,在干旱区新疆引种是较好的城市绿化举措。探明竹柳引种克拉玛依市过程中的光合特性变化规律,寻找适宜的灌溉咸水矿化度,可为干旱区竹柳及其他先锋植物的引种积累经验并提供理论依据。2014年6月,在克拉玛依市乌尔禾区选定样地,设置了3个灌溉咸水矿化度:0、5g·L~(-1)和10g·L~(-1),沟灌嫁接竹柳(砧木为旱柳)2年生健康幼株,次日,自8:00起至20:00,间隔2h,用Li-6400便携式气体交换系统测定其成熟叶片的光合生理参数(净光合速率、蒸腾速率等)。结果表明:灌溉咸水矿化度处理0、5g·L~(-1)和10g·L~(-1),竹柳的净光合速率(Pn)差异极显著(F=60.822,p=0.000<0.01);按照Pn对光合有效辐射的定积分,竹柳的Pn积分值排序依次为5g·L~(-1)(102.35)>0g·L~(-1)(84.87)>10g·L~(-1)(64.37);按照水分利用率(WUE)对光合有效辐射的积分值排序为:5g·L~(-1)(14.54)>0g·L~(-1)(12.01)>10g·L~(-1)(11.41);5g·L~(-1)竹柳Pn积分值在3个处理中最大,WUE积分值也最高。说明在新疆北部克拉玛依,春季(5-6月)引种竹柳(2年生嫁接苗)适宜的灌溉咸水矿化度是5g·L~(-1)。
Salix fragilis is one of the tree species with strong anti-stress capability.To introduce it in arid area in Xinjiang is a good initiative for urban greening.In order to understand the adaptability and the characteristics of photosynthesis of the introduced species to local conditions in Karamay,where is rich in salty water,2-year-old introduced plant seedlings were irrigated by salty water with different salt contents(0,5g·L~(-1) and 10g·L~(-1)),relative physiological parameters were measured on the next day after irrigation every two-hour from 8:00to 20:00.The results showed that the order Pnvalue integrated from 1to 7of Pn was 5g·L~(-1)(102.35)>0g·L~(-1)(84.87)>10g·L~(-1)(64.37),and the order value of integrated WUE was 5g·L~(-1)(14.54)>0g·L~(-1)(12.01)>10g·L~(-1)(11.40),according to the regression equations in all the treatments,while the water use efficiency(WUE)was also the highest one(14.54).It was concluded that the optimal saline concentration of S.fragilis was 5g·L~(-1).
引文
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