企业外部技术获取模式与企业创新绩效之间的关系探究
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摘要
开放式创新中关于外部技术获取对企业创新绩效的影响受到广泛关注,但鲜有关于外部技术获取不同模式对企业创新绩效影响的研究。将外部技术获取模式分为:基于科学、基于市场和引进购买,采用广东省2010—2013年高新技术民营企业4年的面板数据进行实证分析,结果表明:外部技术获取与企业绩效之间存在显著的倒U型关系,其中引进购买对企业创新绩效具有显著的倒U型关系,而基于科学和基于市场的外部技术获取对企业创新绩效影响不显著。内部研发支出在外部技术获取与企业创新绩效之间不存在积极显著的调节作用。
In the open innovation,the influence of external technology acquisition on firm innovation has been widely concerned,but there are few studies on the impact of different modes of external technology acquisition on enterprise innovation performance.In this study,the external technology acquisition model is divided into three modes: The science-based,the market-based and transfer.This paper uses the panel data of years of high-tech enterprises in Guangdong Province in the past four years,and results show that: There is a significant inverted U shape relationship between external technology acquisition and firm innovation,in which the transfer has a significant inverted U shape relationship on firm innovation,while science-based and market-based external technology acquisition has no significant impact on firm innovation.Internal R&D expenditures do not play a significant and positive regulatory role between external technology acquisition and firm innovation.
In the open innovation,the influence of external technology acquisition on firm innovation has been widely concerned,but there are few studies on the impact of different modes of external technology acquisition on enterprise innovation performance.In this study,the external technology acquisition model is divided into three modes: The science-based,the market-based and transfer.This paper uses the panel data of years of high-tech enterprises in Guangdong Province in the past four years,and results show that: There is a significant inverted U shape relationship between external technology acquisition and firm innovation,in which the transfer has a significant inverted U shape relationship on firm innovation,while science-based and market-based external technology acquisition has no significant impact on firm innovation.Internal R&D expenditures do not play a significant and positive regulatory role between external technology acquisition and firm innovation.
引文
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[22]张妍,魏江.研发伙伴多样性与创新绩效:研发合作经验的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015(11):103-111.
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[24]Spanjol J,Qualls W J,Rosa J A.How many and what kind?The role of strategic orientation in new product ideation[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2011,28(2):236-250.
[25]Beck M,Lopes-Bento C,Schenker-Wicki A.Radical or incremental:Where does R&D policy hit?[J].Research Policy,2016,45(4):869-883.
[26]王保林,张铭慎.地区市场化、产学研合作与企业创新绩效[J].科学学研究,2015(5):748-757.
[27]Ritala P,Hurmelinna-Laukkanen P.Incremental and radical Innovation in coopetition:The role of absorptive capacity and appropriability[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2013,30(1):154-169.
[28]Bercovitz J E L,Feldman M P.Fishing upstream:Firm innovation strategy and university research alliances[J].Research Policy,2007,36(7):930-948.
[29]西口敏宏.Strategic industrial sourcing:the Japanese advantage[M].Oxford University Press,1994.
[30]李艳华.外部技术获取与本土企业全球创新:内部研发的中介效应[J].中国科技论坛,2014(3):17-23.
[31]谢富纪.中国企业从技术获取到自主研发的模式研究[J].科研管理,2004(S1):88-92.
[32]陈劲,吴波.开放式创新下企业开放度与外部关键资源获取[J].科研管理,2012(9):10-21.
[33]钟昌标,黄远浙,刘伟.新兴经济体海外研发对母公司创新影响的研究:基于渐进式创新和颠覆式创新视角[J].南开经济研究,2014(6):91-104.
[34]侯建,陈恒.外部知识源化、非研发创新与专利产出:以高技术产业为例[J].科学学研究,2017(3):447-458.
[35]Spithoven A,Teirlinck P.Internal capabilities,network resources and appropriation mechanisms as determinants of R&D outsourcing[J].Research Policy,2015,44(3):711-725.
[36]王鹏,张剑波.外商直接投资、官产学研合作与区域创新产出:基于我国十三省市面板数据的实证研究[J].经济学家,2013(1):58-66.
[2]蔡地,黄建山,李春米,等.民营企业的政治关联与技术创新[J].经济评论,2014(2):65-76.
[3]Caloghirou Y,Kastelli I,Tsakanikas A.Internal capabilities and external knowledge sources:Complements or substitutes for innovative performance?[J].Technovation,2004,24(1):29-39.
[4]Berchicci L.Towards an open R&D system:Internal R&D investment,external knowledge acquisition and innovative performance[J].Research Policy,2013,42(1):117-127.
[5]Krzeminska A,Eckert C.Complementarity of internal and external R&D:Is there a difference between product versus process innovations?[J].R&D Management,2016,463(SI):931-944.
[6]Chen Y,Vanhaverbeke W,Du J.The interaction between internal R&D and different types of external knowledge sourcing:An empirical study of Chinese innovative firms[J].R&D Management,2016,463(SI):1006-1023.
[7]Antonelli C,Fassio C.The role of external knowledge(s)in the introduction of product and process innovations[J].R&D Management,2016,463(SI):979-991.
[8]Hagedoorn J,Schakenraad J.A comparison of private and subsidized R&D partnerships in the European information technology industry[J].Journal of Common Market Studies,1993,31(3):373-390.
[9]Vega-Jurado J,Gutiérrez-Gracia A,Fernández-De-Lucio I.Does external knowledge sourcing matter for innovation?Evidence from the Spanish manufacturing industry[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2009,18(4):637-670.
[10]Tsai K H,Wang J C.External technology sourcing and innovation performance in LMT sectors:An analysis based on the Taiwanese technological innovation survey[J].Research Policy,2009,38(3):518-526.
[11]李艳华.中小企业内、外部知识获取与技术能力提升实证研究[J].管理科学,2013(5):19-29.
[12]赵立雨.内部R&D投入、外部资源获取与绩效关系研究[J].科研管理,2016(9):11-19.
[13]樊路青,刘雯雯.“二元论”视角下的技术获取战略与吸收能力:基于中国经验的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2014(2):257-266.
[14]Cho D H,Yu P I.Influential factors in the choice of technology acquisition mode:An empirical analysis of small and medium size firms in the Korean telecommunication industry[J].Technovation,2000,20(12):691-704.
[15]GalliéE,Roux P.Forms and determinants of R&D collaborations:Evidence based on French data[J].Industry&Innovation,2010,17(6):551-576.
[16]Kraaijenbrink J,Spender J C,Groen A J.The resource-based view:A review and assessment of its critiques[J].Journal of Management,2010,36(1):349-372.
[17]Wernerfelt B.A resource-based view of the firm[J].Strategic Management Journal,1995,16(3):171-174.
[18]Barney J.Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage[J].Journal of Management,1991,17(1):99-120.
[19]苏中锋,王海绒,张文红.整合独立研发与合作研发:吸收能力的影响[J].科研管理,2016(11):11-17.
[20]陈钰芬,叶伟巍.企业内部R&D和外部知识搜寻的交互关系:STI和DUI产业的创新战略分析[J].科学学研究,2013(2):266-275.
[21]赵凤,王铁男,王宇.开放式创新中的外部技术获取与产品多元化:动态能力的调节作用研究[J].管理评论,2016(6):76-85.
[22]张妍,魏江.研发伙伴多样性与创新绩效:研发合作经验的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015(11):103-111.
[23]Bogers M,Afuah A,Bastian B.Users as innovators:A review,critique,and future research directions[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2009,36(4):857-875.
[24]Spanjol J,Qualls W J,Rosa J A.How many and what kind?The role of strategic orientation in new product ideation[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2011,28(2):236-250.
[25]Beck M,Lopes-Bento C,Schenker-Wicki A.Radical or incremental:Where does R&D policy hit?[J].Research Policy,2016,45(4):869-883.
[26]王保林,张铭慎.地区市场化、产学研合作与企业创新绩效[J].科学学研究,2015(5):748-757.
[27]Ritala P,Hurmelinna-Laukkanen P.Incremental and radical Innovation in coopetition:The role of absorptive capacity and appropriability[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2013,30(1):154-169.
[28]Bercovitz J E L,Feldman M P.Fishing upstream:Firm innovation strategy and university research alliances[J].Research Policy,2007,36(7):930-948.
[29]西口敏宏.Strategic industrial sourcing:the Japanese advantage[M].Oxford University Press,1994.
[30]李艳华.外部技术获取与本土企业全球创新:内部研发的中介效应[J].中国科技论坛,2014(3):17-23.
[31]谢富纪.中国企业从技术获取到自主研发的模式研究[J].科研管理,2004(S1):88-92.
[32]陈劲,吴波.开放式创新下企业开放度与外部关键资源获取[J].科研管理,2012(9):10-21.
[33]钟昌标,黄远浙,刘伟.新兴经济体海外研发对母公司创新影响的研究:基于渐进式创新和颠覆式创新视角[J].南开经济研究,2014(6):91-104.
[34]侯建,陈恒.外部知识源化、非研发创新与专利产出:以高技术产业为例[J].科学学研究,2017(3):447-458.
[35]Spithoven A,Teirlinck P.Internal capabilities,network resources and appropriation mechanisms as determinants of R&D outsourcing[J].Research Policy,2015,44(3):711-725.
[36]王鹏,张剑波.外商直接投资、官产学研合作与区域创新产出:基于我国十三省市面板数据的实证研究[J].经济学家,2013(1):58-66.