Ag基触头材料的研究现状与展望
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摘要
触头材料是开关系统的关键,其性能决定了电器设备运行的可靠性。低压开关中的触头材料以Ag基为主,Ag/CdO综合性能优异,但是Cd的毒性限制了它的应用。近几十年来,Ag/SnO_2、Ag/ZnO、Ag/Ni、Ag/C、Ag/W等触头材料在部分领域替代了Ag/CdO,但是这些替代材料的温升高、接触电阻大、抗材料转移性能差、抗熔焊性能差等问题无法得到有效解决。从触头材料的发展历史出发,围绕应用、制备、性能及研究现状等,介绍了低压开关中常用Ag基触头材料的研究概况,探讨了Ag基触头材料的发展动向,并介绍了MAX作为增强相在Ag基触头材料中应用的前景。
Contact material is the key to switching system,and its performance determines the reliability of the electrical equipment during operation.Ag-based contact materials have been widely applied in low-voltage switches.Ag/CdO exhibits excellent properties as a contact material,but the toxicity of Cd is phasing it out.Over the past decades,Ag/SnO2,Ag/ZnO,Ag/Ni,Ag/C,Ag/W have replaced the Ag/CdO in some fields,but such replacement raises some problems such as temperature rise,large contact resistivity,poor anti-welding, weak resistance to material transfer,etc.This paper reviews the background,application,preparation,performance of Ag-based contact materials commonly used in low voltage switches.The trends in electrical contact materials including the prospect of MAX phases as reinforcement in Ag-based contact materials are discussed.
Contact material is the key to switching system,and its performance determines the reliability of the electrical equipment during operation.Ag-based contact materials have been widely applied in low-voltage switches.Ag/CdO exhibits excellent properties as a contact material,but the toxicity of Cd is phasing it out.Over the past decades,Ag/SnO2,Ag/ZnO,Ag/Ni,Ag/C,Ag/W have replaced the Ag/CdO in some fields,but such replacement raises some problems such as temperature rise,large contact resistivity,poor anti-welding, weak resistance to material transfer,etc.This paper reviews the background,application,preparation,performance of Ag-based contact materials commonly used in low voltage switches.The trends in electrical contact materials including the prospect of MAX phases as reinforcement in Ag-based contact materials are discussed.
引文
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